Illustration of cellular fate and responses of macrophages to ferritin NPs. With potential theranostic applications of organic NPs targeting macrophages, in-depth study of internalization and cellular responses of a model organic NP (Archaeoglobus fulgidus derived ferritin) is carried out. Multiple pathways for ferritin NP internalization are observed resulting in endosomal/lysosomal localization and intracellular Fe accumulation. Upregulation of endogenous ferritin and iron export protein are noted in response to lysosomal ferritin degradation and release of free Fe ions. Iron-dependent impacts on physiological immune markers and ROS are measured.
- Samyukta Ravishankar
- Anu Maashaa Nedumaran
- Sierin Lim
