Molecular phenotyping of renal biopsy samples from transplant recipients has the potential to improve diagnostic precision and understanding of disease processes. In this Review, Philip Halloran et al. describe their strategy to develop a system that enables the molecular assessment of transplant biopsy samples. They discuss the molecular phenotypes of rejection and injury, and how these studies have improved understanding of the processes that occur in renal transplants over time.
- Philip F. Halloran
- Konrad S. Famulski
- Jeff Reeve
