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Genome-wide replication timing maps of mouse embryos from the zygote to the blastocyst stage were generated using single-cell Repli-seq, shedding light on the establishment of the epigenome at the beginning of mammalian development.

It is unclear if the molecular profiles of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) preclinical models remain stable during propagation. Here, the authors characterise clonal evolution throughout propagation in PDAC cell lines and a patient-derived organoid using single-cell genomics, transcriptomics and epigenomics.

The CMS Collaboration reports evidence for off-shell Higgs boson contributions in the production of Z boson pairs, and measures the width of the Higgs boson, which is inversely related to its lifetime.

The ATLAS Collaboration reports a measurement of the ratio of the decay rates of W bosons to τ leptons and muons, in agreement with universal lepton couplings as postulated in the standard model of particle physics.

Case report of an individual heterozygous for a rare RELN-COLBOS variant that confers resilience, via a gain-of-function mechanism, to Alzheimer’s disease.

Bidirectional neural interface electronic devices offer therapeutic options. Here, the authors present wafer-scale fabrication of flexible nanoporous graphene-based implantable microelectrode arrays with low impedance and high charge injection for in vivo brain recording and nerve stimulation.

A dataset of coding variation, derived from exome sequencing of nearly one million individuals from a range of ancestries, provides insight into rare variants and could accelerate the discovery of disease-associated genes and advance precision medicine efforts.

This study shows that photosynthesis in the Arctic Ocean can occur at lower light levels than previously thought. This finding is based on unique measurements made on microalgae underneath sea ice in the high Arctic at the end of the polar night.

HER2-targeted therapy improves patient’s outcome in early breast cancer. Here, the authors present the efficacy and biomarker analysis of two HER2-targeted combinations (ado-trastuzumab emtansine plus pertuzumab and paclitaxel, trastuzumab and pertuzumab) in the context of the neoadjuvant I-SPY2 phase 2 adaptive platform trial for early breast cancer at high risk of recurrence.

Alison Dunning, Stacey Edwards and colleagues analyze 3,872 common variants across the ESR1 locus in 118,816 women. They find five independent variants within regulatory regions that associate with different breast cancer–related phenotypes and regulate the expression of ESR1, RMND1 and CCDC170.

Orbital observations identify the presence of hydrated silica and sulfate salts on Mars which is consistent with Early-Amazonian sedimentary volcanism and indicates the remobilization of aqueous reservoirs in the Northern Plains of the planet.

From 1980 to 2018, the levels of total and non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol increased in low- and middle-income countries, especially in east and southeast Asia, and decreased in high-income western countries, especially those in northwestern Europe, and in central and eastern Europe.

A molecular analysis of axolotl limb regeneration has identified a positive genetic circuit that maintains posterior cell identity and can be used to reprogramme anterior cells into posterior cells.

AI decision support system non-homogenously influences clinical decisions in dynamic treatment regimen, as it depends on several factors including prior knowledge, preference, disease type, treatment modality, and AI’s learned behavior and inherent biases.

Viral antigens can persist within the secondary lymphoid tissues of the host for many weeks after resolution of the infection. Tamburini et al.demonstrate that antigens remaining following viral infection or vaccination can be captured and maintained for extended periods of time by lymphatic endothelial cells.

This paper compares the frequency and genetic basis of clonal hematopoiesis in 136,401 admixed American participants from the Mexico City Prospective Cohort with 416,118 largely European ancestry individuals from the UK Biobank cohort.

The most up-to-date combination of results on the properties of the Higgs boson is reported, which indicate that its properties are consistent with the standard model predictions, within the precision achieved to date.

Combining 32 genome-wide association studies with high-density imputation provides a comprehensive view of the genetic contribution to type 2 diabetes in individuals of European ancestry with respect to locus discovery, causal-variant resolution, and mechanistic insight.

The CMS Collaboration reports the study of three simultaneous hard interactions between quarks and gluons in proton–proton collisions. This manifests through the concurrent production of three J/ψ mesons, which consist of a charm-quark–antiquark pair.

Fishing has had a profound impact on global reef shark populations, and the absence or presence of sharks is strongly correlated with national socio-economic conditions and reef governance.

Fusion oncogenes (FO) are common in cancers, but specific targeting of these chimeric genes are challenging. Here the authors report a CRISPR/Cas9 strategy that targets two intronic regions to disrupt the FOs in cancer cells and show that this approach reduces tumour growth and prolongs survival in animal models of cancer.

Regulation of gene expression and splicing are thought to be tissue-specific. Here, the authors obtain genomic and transcriptomic data from putamen and substantia nigra of 117 neurologically healthy human brains and find that splicing eQTLs are enriched for neuron-specific regulatory information.

Analysis of policies for promotion criteria to full professor from academic institutions and government agencies worldwide reveals considerable variation in assessment practices, particularly between the Global North and South.

Metabolic liver disease is highly prevalent in subjects with obesity and involves inflammation, insulin resistance, and fibrosis, leading to cirrhosis. Here, the authors show the IFNγ-IL12 axis in regulating intercellular crosstalk in the liver and playing a major role in the pathogenesis of metabolic liver disease.

Using high-resolution confocal images and computational surface mapping, Esteban et al. provide a detailed pseudodynamic atlas of early heart tube development (E7.5–E8.5), develop a morphometric staging system based on landmark curves and distances in the surface of the tissues and identify parameters that can be used for precise embryo staging across different labs. This morphometric analysis reveals early signs of left–right asymmetry, before the cardiac looping stage, which is regulated by the Nodal signaling pathway.

Staphylococcus aureus upregulates collagenase and proline transporters to release collagen-derived proline and exploit fibroblasts as a nutrient source during chronic infection.

Researcher demonstrate the line-by-line pulse shaping of frequency combs generated in silicon nitride ring resonators, and observe two distinct paths to comb formation that exhibit strikingly different time domain behaviours.

Schizophrenia research has traditionally overlooked sex differences. Here, the authors show the importance of sex-based analysis across multi-brain regions by identifying sex-specific genes and genetic interactions in schizophrenia and sex-specific risk.

The existence and properties of tetraquark states with two heavy quarks and two light antiquarks have been widely debated. Here, the authors use a unitarized model to study the properties of an exotic narrow state compatible with a doubly charmed tetraquark.

Inaccuracies in RNA splicing may play a significant role in aging and disease. Here, the authors present a comprehensive characterization of splicing accuracy across over 14,000 human samples, offering valuable insights into the impact of splicing inaccuracies on aging and neurodegeneration.

Derailed differentiation of human-specific progenitors of the developing cerebellar rhombic lip is the cause of group 4 medulloblastoma, the most common childhood brain tumour. 

Spatial genome organization into lamina-associated domains is first established in the mouse zygote immediately after fertilization without inheritance from the maternal germline—with the paternal and maternal pronucleus exhibiting different organization, which subsequently converges prior to implantation of the embryo.

Exome-sequencing analyses of a large cohort of patients with type 2 diabetes and control individuals without diabetes from five ancestries are used to identify gene-level associations of rare variants that are associated with type 2 diabetes.

Using a Twitter field survey, the authors show that individuals systematically overperceive individual and collective moral outrage.

Mosses support carbon sequestration, nutrient cycling, organic matter decomposition and plant pathogen control in soils across the globe, according to a global survey of soil attributes in ecosystems with and without mosses.

Isolation and optimization of antibodies targeting the malaria parasite may offer the potential for immediate protection as a prophylactic intervention to prevent severe disease.

Conventional B cells express clonally specific antigen receptors, but a small subset of B cells from patients and mice with systematic lupus erythematosus simultaneously expresses two distinct antigen receptors. Here the authors show that these dual-specificity B cells have higher levels of MHC-II, depend on IL-21 for expansion, and mount stronger memory response.

Mass spectrometry fragmentation patterns define analytical barcodes for the rapid, quantitative analysis of high-throughput chemical synthesis experiments.

Here the authors demonstrate ultraviolet astronomical frequency combs, derived from the near-infrared domain via efficient harmonic generation in nanophotonic waveguides, to provide precision calibration to astronomical spectrographs for exoplanet science and precision cosmology.

Functional diversity and phylogenetic diversity are expected to be positively correlated. Here the authors show that the covariation between these metrics in vascular plant communities around the world is often either inconsistent or negative.

In a phase 1 trial followed by translational analyses, patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) treated with chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy targeting CD123 experienced high levels of cytokine release syndrome and short-lived clinical responses, probably due to CAR T cell-derived cytokines increasing the viability of AML blasts and antigen persistence.

Breast cancer risk for BRCA1/BRCA2 mutation carriers varies depending on other genetic factors. Here, the authors perform a case-only genome-wide association study and highlight novel loci associated with breast cancer risk for BRCA1/BRCA2 mutation carriers.

A multi-frequency observing campaign of the γ-ray burst GRB 190114C reveals a broadband double-peaked spectral energy distribution, and the teraelectronvolt emission could be attributed to inverse Compton scattering.

The authors present BARASA, an approach to assign backbone triple resonance spectra of proteins that augments traditional approaches with a Bayesian statistical analysis of the observed chemical shifts. The algorithm employs a simulated annealing engine to establish a consensus set of resonance assignments and is tested against systems ranging in size to over 450 amino acids including examples of intrinsically disordered proteins.

Analysis of the spread of the 20E (EU1) variant of SARS-CoV-2 through Europe suggests that international travel and insufficient containment, rather than increased transmissibility, led to a resurgence of infections.

By implementing random circuit sampling, experimental and theoretical results establish the existence of transitions to a stable, computationally complex phase that is reachable with current quantum processors.