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A study reports single-cell RNA-sequencing profiles for more than 1.6 million cell nuclei from 101 whole mouse embryos including 22 mutant and 4 wild-type genotypes, from one experiment.

ancIBD identifies identity-by-descent regions in ancient DNA using a hidden Markov model optimized for these low-coverage data. Analysis of 4,248 individuals demonstrates that ancIBD can identify up to sixth-degree relatives and provides genealogical insights into ancient populations.

Understanding deregulation of biological pathways in cancer can provide insight into disease etiology and potential therapies. Here, as part of the PanCancer Analysis of Whole Genomes (PCAWG) consortium, the authors present pathway and network analysis of 2583 whole cancer genomes from 27 tumour types.

There’s an emerging body of evidence to show how biological sex impacts cancer incidence, treatment and underlying biology. Here, using a large pan-cancer dataset, the authors further highlight how sex differences shape the cancer genome.

Carbon release from permafrost thaw would substantially decrease the amount of carbon emissions required to meet climate targets, according to climate simulations.

Analyses of 2,658 whole genomes across 38 types of cancer identify the contribution of non-coding point mutations and structural variants to driving cancer.

Using multi-ancestry genome-wide association study and fine-mapping, 298 loci and 36 credible genes are identified in the aetiology of bipolar disorder.

In somatic cells the mechanisms maintaining the chromosome ends are normally inactivated; however, cancer cells can re-activate these pathways to support continuous growth. Here, the authors characterize the telomeric landscapes across tumour types and identify genomic alterations associated with different telomere maintenance mechanisms.

Whole-genome sequencing data from more than 2,500 cancers of 38 tumour types reveal 16 signatures that can be used to classify somatic structural variants, highlighting the diversity of genomic rearrangements in cancer.

Viral pathogen load in cancer genomes is estimated through analysis of sequencing data from 2,656 tumors across 35 cancer types using multiple pathogen-detection pipelines, identifying viruses in 382 genomic and 68 transcriptome datasets.

A pan-cancer genomic analysis reports the effects of structural variations on chromatin domains (TADs). Most TAD disruptions do not result in appreciable changes in expression of nearby genes.

An analysis of 2,954 genomes from 38 cancer subtypes identified 19,166 retrotransposition events in 35% of samples. Aberrant LINE-1 retrotranspositions can lead to the deletion of tumor-suppressor genes as well as the amplification of oncogenes.

Whole-genome sequencing data for 2,778 cancer samples from 2,658 unique donors across 38 cancer types is used to reconstruct the evolutionary history of cancer, revealing that driver mutations can precede diagnosis by several years to decades.

Many tumours exhibit hypoxia (low oxygen) and hypoxic tumours often respond poorly to therapy. Here, the authors quantify hypoxia in 1188 tumours from 27 cancer types, showing elevated hypoxia links to increased mutational load, directing evolutionary trajectories.

Multi-omics datasets pose major challenges to data interpretation and hypothesis generation owing to their high-dimensional molecular profiles. Here, the authors develop ActivePathways method, which uses data fusion techniques for integrative pathway analysis of multi-omics data and candidate gene discovery.

Aberrant liquid-to-gel transition of biological condensates can lead to pathological fibrillization and disease. Here, the authors demonstrate that a small molecule, methylene blue, can decouple gelation from fibrillization of tau liquid droplets.

The coupling of ferroelectric and antiferromagnetic order in BiFeO₃ makes it appealing for applications however the presence of domain structure acts to undermine this potential. Here, the authors demonstrate BiFeO₃thin films with a single domain of electrical polarization and canted antiferromagnetic order.

Experimental measurements of high-order out-of-time-order correlators on a superconducting quantum processor show that these correlators remain highly sensitive to the quantum many-body dynamics in quantum computers at long timescales.

During electrocatalytic nitrate reduction, cobalt-based catalysts degrade fast due to the combined effect of nitrate oxidation and electric-field reduction. Here, the authors develop a Co6Ni4 heterostructured catalyst to prevent high valence Co accumulation and achieve efficient ammonia synthesis.

Research in new alloy compositions and treatments may allow the increased strength of mass-produced, intricately shaped parts. Here authors introduce a superplastic medium manganese steel which has an inexpensive lean chemical composition and which is suited for conventional manufacturing processes.

A haplotype-resolved pan-genome of autotetraploid European potato founder lines shows high nucleotide diversity at remarkably low haplotype diversity, which is probably the result of hybridization events with wild potato species, followed by population bottlenecks during domestication and transition to Europe.

Short-lived precursors typically occur before molecules chemisorb on surfaces. Liu et al. predict that for benzene derivatives on metal surfaces, the precursors can be long-lived and the transition to chemisorption states can be reversible, which may be useful in molecular switch applications.

MXenes with borate polyanion terminations are synthesized using a flux-assisted eutectic molten etching approach. These triatomic-layer terminations empower MXenes with considerably improved charge transport and charge storage capabilities.

The death of massive stars has traditionally been discovered by explosive events in the gamma-ray band. Liu et al. show that the sensitive wide-field monitor on board Einstein Probe can reveal a weak soft-X-ray signal much earlier than gamma rays.

Time-resolved X-ray scattering is utilized to demonstrate an ultrafast 300 ps topological phase transition to a skyrmionic phase. This transition is enabled by the formation of a transient topological fluctuation state.

Multi-omics profiling of monkeypox virus infected human primary cells was used to characterize the infection process and to prioritize potential antiviral drug targets.

A method called UltraSelex for identifying RNA aptamers has been developed. UltraSelex is noniterative and can combine biochemical partitioning, high-throughput sequencing and computational signal-to-background rank modeling of hits in approximately 1 day.

Managing power exhaust in fusion reactors is a key challenge, especially in compact designs for cost-effective commercial energy. This study shows how alternative divertor configurations improve exhaust control, enhance stability, absorb transients and enable independent plasma regulation.

Regulations on the amount of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances allowed in drinking water are getting more and more stringent, and detecting small amounts is challenging. A sensing platform based on a remote gate field-effect transistor allows a sensitivity higher than that required by the US Environmental Protection Agency to be reached.

The cross-population Sum of Single Effects (SuSiEx) model is a robust and computationally efficient method for conducting multi-ancestry fine-mapping of genome-wide association signals, producing smaller credible sets and capturing population-specific causal variants.

Control of spins down to the atomic scale is a major goal for spin-based information processing. Here, Kot et al. demonstrate electric control over the spin-resonance transitions of a single TiH molecule placed on a surface of MgO by exploiting the electric field between the scanning tunnelling microscopy tip and the sample.

Magnetic impurities on superconductors lead to bound states within the superconducting gap, so called Yu-Shiba-Rusinov (YSR) states. Here, the authors study tunneling from a vanadium STM tip to a V(100) surface and show that YSR states can be excited at very low temperature by applying a microwave signal.

Spatially resolved images of M87 obtained at a wavelength of 3.5 mm in 2018 show a ring-like accretion structure, the inner (outer) edge of which connects the black hole (jet).

The Yu-Shiba-Rusinov state, arising from exchange coupling between a magnetic impurity and a superconductor, undergoes a quantum phase transition at a critical coupling. In a scanning tunnelling microscopy experiment, Karan et al. reveal distinct tunnelling spectra on each side of the transition in a magnetic field, which allows them to distinguish the free spin regime from the screened spin regime.

The oxygen evolution reaction provides the protons and electrons for renewable electrochemical conversions, but this process requires high potentials and shows complex mechanistic behaviours. Now, operando spectroscopy reveals the pH-dependence of cobalt oxides to arise from pH-dependent surface redox changes.

Observation of a high-pressure insulating state in cuprate superconductors provides a fresh challenge for understanding the mechanism of superconductivity in these materials.

Chromoselective catalysis offers an intriguing opportunity to enable a specific reaction pathway in photocatalysis. Here, the authors look into the ability of covalent triazine frameworks to enable the synthesis of different organic compounds by using safer red light instead of harsh UV light.

A benchmarking competition improves tools that predict how regulatory regions control gene expression.

The role of vascular plasticity in brain function remains poorly understood. Here, the authors demonstrate that a significant portion of blood vessels in the adult brain periodically occlude and regress, a process that is associated with a reduction in neuronal activity.

In this Stage 2 Registered Report, Buchanan et al. show evidence confirming the phenomenon of semantic priming across speakers of 19 diverse languages.

Systematic analysis from the Global Burden of Disease study reported that, despite global improvements from 1990 to 2021, dietary iron deficiency-associated disease burden remains high in women, children and residents in low socio-demographic index countries.

Designing an efficient electrocatalyst of hydrogen oxidation reaction is highly critical for anion exchange membrane fuel cells. Here the authors report implanting oxophilic metal atoms in PtRu nanowires to significantly improve the mass activity, stability, and resistance to CO-poisoning for hydrogen oxidation.

The authors conducted a genome-wide association study of educational attainment in an East Asian ancestry cohort, and a cross-ancestry meta-analysis with earlier genome-wide association studies from European ancestry populations, providing new insights into correlations and transferability between ancestries.

Air filtration is ubiquitous, though most commercial filters are not biodegradable, biocidal, or tolerant to volatile organic compounds. Here the authors report a facile strategy to engineer collagen fibers for sustainable, high-performance air purification.

Building on recent explainable AI techniques, this Article highlights the pervasiveness of Clever Hans effects in unsupervised learning and the substantial risks associated with these effects in terms of the prediction accuracy on new data.

Electron energy-loss magnetic chiral dichroism enables the measurement of the local magnetic properties of a material using a transmission electron microscope, but is limited to signals in the electron-beam direction. Here, the authors demonstrate a method to extend this to in-plane magnetic signals too.

Volume electron microscopy data of brain tissue can tell us much about neural circuits, but increasingly large data sets demand automation of analysis. Here, the authors introduce cellular morphology neural networks and successfully automate a range of morphological analysis tasks.