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The authors introduce a new spectroscopic technique for studying Higgs modes in superconductors and apply it to a cuprate superconductor. The method involves a soft quench of the Mexican-Hat potential, populating Higgs modes of different symmetries, which are then probed by non equilibrium anti-Stokes Raman scattering.

The Evaluation and Enhancement (EVEN) method optimizes automatically the quality of multichannel microscopy images affected by uneven illumination, enabling accurate visual interpretation and image analysis in challenging imaging scenarios.

Far-field mid-infrared spectroscopy reveals both the electroluminescence of hyperbolic phonon polaritons of hexagonal boron nitride excited by strongly biased graphene, and the associated radiative energy transfer through the material.

The axial Higgs mode is theoretically attributed to a hidden ferroaxial component of charge order. In rare-earth tritellurides, this ferroaxial order is now shown to be induced by intertwined orbital and charge orders.

Deciphering the origin, age, and composition of deep marine organic carbon remains a challenge for understanding the dynamics of the marine carbon cycle. Here, the authors identify (sub)micron-sized graphite emanating from both high and low temperature hydrothermal vents along the East Pacific Rise, and suggest graphite is a source of old carbon in the deep ocean.

Sources of chiral mid-infrared light are difficult to obtain. Here, the authors demonstrate that twisted bilayers of anisotropic α-MoO₃ van der Waals crystals can emit mid-infrared thermal chiral radiation without any lithographic processes.

Integral equations are used in science and engineering to model complex systems with non-local dependencies; however, existing traditional and machine-learning-based methods cannot yield accurate or efficient solutions in several complex cases. Zappala and colleagues introduce a neural-network-based method that can learn an integral operator and its dynamics from data, demonstrating higher accuracy or scalability compared with several state-of-the-art methods.

Commonly, large π-conjugated systems facilitate low-energy electronic transitions. Here, the authors demonstrate that the relief of excited-state antiaromaticity of the benzene core leads to large Stokes shifts, and allows the construction of emitters covering the entire visible spectrum without the need of extending π-conjugation.

High-resolution observations reveal fibril motions in the chromospheric umbra of a sunspot, providing a potential energy source for coronal heating.

The accretion geometry of X-ray binary Cygnus X-3 is determined here from IXPE observations. X-ray polarization reveals a narrow funnel with reflecting walls, which focuses emission, making Cyg X-3 appear as an ultraluminous X-ray source.

Kozai, Fernandez-Martinez et al. use high-speed atomic force microscopy to study the permeability barrier of yeast nuclear pore complexes. They show that karyopherins remodel a central plug that shapes barrier dynamics and disorder within the pore.

Methane is abundant in the Universe, is an important energy carrier and a model system for fundamental studies. Here, the authors measure the self-diffusion coefficient of supercritical methane at ambient temperature up to the freezing pressure, and find a different behavior than expected based on previous models.

A 300 GHz signal is generated by the combination of a low-noise stimulated Brillouin scattering process, dissipative Kerr soliton comb and optical-to-electrical conversion. A phase noise of −100 dBc Hz⁻¹ is achieved at a Fourier frequency of 10 kHz.

Propagation of membrane tension mediates communication on the membrane surface. It is now shown that membrane-bound obstacles can obstruct tension propagation, which helps to localize signalling.

A quantum microscope obtains signal-to-noise beyond the photodamage limits of conventional microscopy, revealing biological structures within cells that would not otherwise be resolved.

Protein motion in crowded environments governs cellular transport and reaction rates. Here, the authors use megahertz X-ray Photon Correlation Spectroscopy to reveal anomalous diffusion of ferritin, linking hydrodynamic and direct interactions to cage-trapping at microsecond time scales.

In vivo imaging is facilitated by a bright, cyan-excitable orange fluorescent protein that is the basis of an improved bioluminescent protein.

Humanity’s Last Exam, a multi-modal benchmark at the frontier of human knowledge, is designed to be an expert-level closed-ended academic benchmark with broad subject coverage.

Magnons are collective excitations that dictate many of a magnet’s low-temperature properties. By means of Raman scattering, the magnon spectra of CrI₃ are measured in the monolayer limit.

Two-dimensional polyaramid polymers are synthesized to form nanofilms that exhibit the lowest gas permeability of any polymer by orders of magnitude, despite lacking crystallinity, enabling molecular-scale nanomechanical resonators and barrier materials.

The lack of reliable coating methods for amorphous zeolitic imidazolate framework (aZIF) materials hinders their development for applications such as photolithography and separation membranes. Supported by computational fluid dynamics modeling, the authors develop a spin-coating technique to deposit aZIF films from dilute precursors and demonstrate their wafer-scale use in advanced lithographic processes.

Luminescent solar concentrators are promising for semi-transparent, building-integrated photovoltaic systems. Here the authors minimize the absorption losses by relying on fast energy transfer in multiphase perovskite nanoplatelets to achieve optical quantum efficiency of 26% on 100 cm² devices.

Chronic care manages long-term, progressive conditions, while acute care handles short-term ones. Here, authors show chronic conditions account for most of the global health burden, with 68% of DALYs and 93% of YLDs attributed to chronic care needs.

Estimated half-lives of micro- and nanoplastics in air can range from seconds to weeks, depending on their characteristics, land surface type, surface wind speed, atmospheric stratification, and precipitation, according to an integrated mathematical description of atmospheric particle transport

Turbulent flows are observed in atmosphere, ocean, and technology, with turbulent mixing due to stretching and folding of material elements. The authors analyze a geometric perspective of this process and uncover statistical properties of an ensemble of material loops in a turbulent environment.

Aggregates of misfolded proteins are sequestered in the aggresome via dynein transport in an aggregate size-dependent manner. Here, authors find episodic transport kinetics mediated by aggresome-dynein adapters are central to this size-filter effect.

Triplet exciton harvesting through thermally activated delayed fluorescence is shown to be effective also under X-ray excitation, increasing the efficiency and imaging quality of X-ray detectors based on organic scintillation.

Cytoplasmic flows in the fruit fly oocyte can reorganize cellular components. These structured vortical flows arise through self-organizing dynamics of microtubules, molecular motors and cytoplasm.

Entacapone, a Parkinson’s disease medication, sequesters iron resulting in a selective inhibition of gut microbial activity.

Posterior scleral birefringence, measured by triple-input polarization-sensitive optical coherence, predicts the onset of myopia in guinea pigs and is associated with myopia status in patients.

The low thermal conductivity in filled skutterudites has been ascribed to rattling atoms inducing a phonon glass. Experimental evidence now shows that the phonon glass description is incorrect, and provides essential insight for the development of microscopic models aimed at describing the thermoelectric properties of these materials.

A time-domain approach that can continuously tune the polarization state of extreme-ultraviolet attosecond pulses allows the isolation and amplification of extremely weak chiral signals, extending vectorial measurements to the attosecond and nanometre scales.

A thin liquid coating on a fibre can break up into droplets due to the Plateau–Rayleigh instability, as for instance on a spider web. Here, Haefner et al. show that the growth rate of the droplet undulations strongly depends on the fibre–liquid boundary condition and slip accelerates the instability.

Development of the bright green and red fluorescent proteins, Clover and mRuby2, creates a fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) pair with the highest Förster radius among existing ratiometric FRET pairs. Substitution of this pair for current FRET pairs in several existing sensors reliably and substantially improves sensor performance.

Antiskyrmions are topological spin textures with negative vorticity. Like skyrmions, they have considerable technological promise, but have only been stabilised in Heusler compounds. Here, Heigl et al. succeed in stabilising first and second order antiskyrmions in a new class of materials.

Antimony trisulfide has a proper bandgap of 1.7 eV for making solar cells but the devices suffer from severe voltage loss. Here Yang et al. propose that the photoexcited carriers are self-trapped by lattice deformation, which places a thermodynamic limit of only 0.8 V for the open circuit voltage.

A better understanding of many environmental phenomena, such as plankton spreading in the ocean, relies on knowledge of the dispersion statistics. Xia et al. trace particles' trajectories in laboratory turbulence and reveal that a single force scale can be sufficient to predict the dispersion of particles.

Quantum state preparation of mesoscopic objects is a powerful tool for the study of physics at the limits. Here, Arita et al. realise the optical trapping of a microgyroscope rotating at MHz rates in vacuum where the coupling between the rotational and translational motion cools the particle to 40 K.

Rare-earth elements are effective for engineering the optical properties of materials for a range of applications from lasers to quantum information technologies. Here, the authors investigate the temperature-dependent properties of Er³⁺ photoluminescence in Er₂O₃ thin films, focusing on the Stark-Stark transitions and how their temperature-dependent behaviour results from electron-phonon interactions.

Auxin-mediated recruitment of AUX/IAAs by the F-box protein TIR1 prompts rapid AUX/IAA ubiquitylation and degradation. By resolving auxin receptor topology, the authors show that intrinsically disordered regions near the degrons of two Aux/IAA proteins reinforce complex assembly and position Aux/IAAs for ubiquitylation.

Designing monovalent anion-selective membranes is challenging due to the need to balance trade-offs between flux and selectivity, membrane stability, and cost-effective fabrication. Here, the authors synthesized a polymer via superacid polymerization and designed a membrane using in-situ interfacial polymerization to optimize membrane properties.

This Perspective establishes a comprehensive and practical framework to guide intrinsically disordered protein (IDP) ensemble determination, benchmarking and interpretation, as well as proposes a roadmap for IDP ensemble determination, uncertainty quantification and actionable benchmarking strategies.

Here, Francoiset al. propose a method of remotely shaping particle trajectories by using rotating waves on a liquid gas interface. The superposition of orthogonal standing waves creates angular momentum which is transferred from waves to floating microparticles, guiding them along closed trajectories.

An all-fiber based endoscopic probe using a double-core double-clad fiber demonstrates the potential for nonlinear imaging applications such as image-guided surgery and in vivo diagnostics.