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A CRISPR screen reveals that loss of structural components of the SAGA complex derails hematopoiesis by decoupling epigenetic control. This halts stem cell maturation, triggers a pathogenic interferon program and boosts human MDS-L cell growth.

Researchers are gathering clinical data for medical marijuana against a backdrop of deregulation and opportunism.

A genetic screen identifies the versatile membrane receptor protein FERONIA as a key modulator of rhizosphere Pseudomonas and microbiome composition in Arabidopsis, through the control of basal levels of reactive oxygen species production.

Mechanisms regulating collagen clearance may be useful for treating fibrosis. Here, the authors conducted functional genome-wide screens and found that collagen biosynthesis directly regulates collagen clearance via a noncanonical function of SEL1L.

Sepsis may promptly develop into lethal organ failure, so early diagnosis and treatment planning are essential. Here the authors use machine learning to develop a six-gene signature, termed Sepset, for initial diagnosis, and integrate Sepset into a microfluidic-based bench-side platform for predicting the prognosis of suspected sepsis suitable for the clinic.

The Perseverance rover detected polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons preserved within sulfates in the fan and floor of Jezero crater on Mars, offering new insights into past habitability and the preservation of organic matter on Mars.

A microglial state, featuring lipid droplets and secretion of neurotoxic factors, is shown to be most prominent in people with Alzheimer’s disease who have the APOE4 genotype.

RNA sequencing reveals widespread transcriptomic changes across the cerebral cortex in autism spectrum disorder, including primary sensory regions, in addition to association regions, as well as an attenuation of regional identity.

Eight genome-wide CRISPR screens identify genes required for substrate-specific phagocytosis. The study highlights roles for NHLRC2 in filopodia formation, very-long-chain fatty acids in substrate-specific phagocytosis and TM2D3 in uptake of amyloid-β aggregates.

CRISPR-Cas9 screens are powerful high-throughput tools but can be confounded by nuclease toxicity. Here the authors design a library of variable length gRNAs with thousands of negative controls, including the targeting of ‘safe’ loci to account for on-target site DNA damage toxicity.

In a large-scale proteomic study of biological aging of 11 organs from 44,498 individuals in the UK Biobank, the biological ages of the brain and immune system emerged as strong predictors of healthspan and longevity.

CytoTRACE 2 is an interpretable deep learning framework that leverages single-cell RNA sequencing data to predict absolute developmental potential across datasets.

Blood plasma protein data was combined with machine learning models for a simple method to determine differences in organ-specific aging; the study provides a basis for the prediction of diseases and aging effects using plasma proteomics.

The archaeological site Shinfa-Metema 1 in the lowlands of northwest Ethiopia provides early evidence of intensive riverine-based foraging aided by the likely adoption of the bow and arrow.

A genome-wide CRISPR screen for suppressors and enhancers of C9ORF72 dipeptide-repeat protein toxicity identifies candidate genes involved in nucleocytoplasmic transport and other pathways including RNA processing and chromatin modification.

Gene expression patterns have been associated with functional activity patterns in the brain. Here the authors determine how gene expression patterns in the human brain supports brain phenotypes obtained from resting state fMRI imaging, identifying brain regions and genes relevant to autism.

Microglia in the aging hippocampus accumulate lipid droplets, and are functionally impaired and inflamed. Lipid droplet formation in microglia is regulated by genes linked to neurodegeneration such as progranulin.

CD22 inhibits microglial phagocytosis in the ageing brain, and treatment with a CD22-blocking antibody restores microglial homeostasis and cognitive function in ageing mice.

The gut-derived molecule 4-ethylphenol influences complex behaviours in mice through effects on oligodendrocyte function and myelin patterning in the brain.

A transcriptomics study demonstrates cell-type-specific responses to differentially aged blood and shows young blood to have restorative and rejuvenating effects that may be invoked through enhanced mitochondrial function.

Fgf17 in young CSF boosts oligodendrocyte progenitor cell proliferation and differentiation in the aged hippocampus, improving memory function.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by impaired social interactions with repetitive and restrictive behaviours. Here the authors integrate mRNA expression, miRNA expression, DNA methylation, and histone acetylation datasets from a collection of post mortem brain tissues and identify a convergent molecular subtype of ASD.

This protocol outlines simple and reproducible methods for assessing the biofilm inhibition and eradication capacities of novel antibiofilm agents against adherent bacterial biofilms grown in 96-well microtiter plates.

Brain genetic co-expression networks pinpoint specific, convergent synaptic pathways—rather than the complement system—through which genetic variation at the C4 locus imparts risk for schizophrenia.

A whole-genome and transcriptome analysis of 20 human induced pluripotent stem-cell lines shows that reprogramming does not necessarily add de novo copy number variants to what is already present in the somatic cells from which they originated.

Dimethyl fumarate (DMF) is an anti-inflammatory drug proposed as a treatment for COVID19. Here the results are reported from a randomised trial testing DMF treatment in 713 patients hospitalised with COVID-19. DMF was not associated with any improvement in day 5 outcomes.

A single-cell transcriptomic atlas across the lifespan of the mouse, denoted Tabula Muris Senis, provides molecular information about the hallmarks of ageing in a range of tissues and cell types.

Astrocytes are important players in brain development, homeostasis, and disease. Here, the authors compare the transcriptional profiles of human and mouse astrocytes. They report species-specific susceptibility to oxidative stress and response to hypoxic and inflammatory conditions.

Copy number variants in the human genome (CNVs) are associated with neurodevelopmental and psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia and autism. Here the authors investigate how  the large deletion CNV on chromosome 22q11.2 alters chromatin organization.

Bulk RNA sequencing of organs and plasma proteomics at different ages across the mouse lifespan is integrated with data from the Tabula Muris Senis, a transcriptomic atlas of ageing mouse tissues, to describe organ-specific changes in gene expression during ageing.

A programmable quantum processor based on encoded logical qubits operating with up to 280 physical qubits is described, in which improvement of algorithmic performance using a variety of error-correction codes is enabled.

Malnourished children experience a high burden of intestinal pathogens that exacerbate growth stunting, and preventing this pathogen overgrowth has proved challenging. Here the authors show that diet-specific bacterial crossfeeding contributes to the overgrowth of intestinal pathogens during child malnutrition.

CRISPR-mediated gene knockout and activation are used to identify molecules in cancer cells and macrophages that regulate antibody-dependent cancer cell phagocytosis.

What allows bacteria, both pathogens and mutualists alike, to survive in close association with a eukaryotic host? A new study performed a large-scale comparative genomics analysis to identify novel genetic and genomic traits that are enriched in plant-associated bacterial taxa.

Highly bioactive supramolecular nanostructures displaying sulfated glycopeptides on their surfaces were designed in order to mimic the polysaccharides that bind and activate a plethora of proteins in mammalian biology during development and tissue regeneration.