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Hoyer et al. establish that selective autophagy mechanisms are needed to remodel the ER and its proteome during in vitro neurogenesis across neuronal subcompartments and decode the substrate selectivity of ER-phagy receptors.

Mammalian circadian clocks align with feeding and light cues. Here, the authors reveal a role for astrocytic insulin-dopaminergic signaling in sex-specific circadian behavior and energy balance regulation.

Perception and appreciation of food flavour depends on many factors, posing a challenge for effective prediction. Here, the authors combine extensive chemical and sensory analyses of 250 commercial Belgian beers to train machine learning models that enable flavour and consumer appreciation prediction.

Materials with correlated localisation of percolating particles and emergent conductive paths can realise sharp transitions and high conductivities characteristic of the explosively-grown network. Here the authors exploit explosive percolation to realize a low-loading composite material with enhanced electrical properties by in-situ reduction of graphene oxide.

Trees come in all shapes and size, but what drives this incredible variation in tree form remains poorly understood. Using a global dataset, the authors show that a combination of climate, competition, disturbance and evolutionary history shape the crown architecture of the world’s trees and thereby constrain the 3D structure of woody ecosystems.

The ParA/MinD family of ATPases organize diverse genetic- and protein-based cellular cargos in bacteria. Here, Pulianmackal et al. find that over a third of sequenced bacterial genomes encode multiple ParA/MinD ATPases, and show how multiple ParA/MinD ATPases coexist and function to position diverse cargos in the same bacterial cell.

Animals are more likely to react to rapid rather than slow temperature change. Here, the authors identify a brain circuit in Drosophila that selectively responds to rapid thermal change, priming behavior for escape.

Using a transposon-based approach to create a set of large genomic rearrangements, Dauban et al. demonstrate that interactions of lamina-associated domains with the nuclear lamina involve multiple contacts of varying strength.

Telomere shortening is associated with aging. Here the authors analyze mice with hyperlong telomeres and demonstrate that longer telomeres than normal have beneficial effects such as delayed metabolic aging, increased longevity and less incidence of cancer.

Unlike Amazonian forests, African forests have maintained their carbon sink until recently but by 2030 the African carbon sink will have shrunk by 14 per cent and the Amazonian sink will reach almost zero.

In fruit flies, three-dimensional organ arrangement is stereotypical, sexually dimorphic and actively maintained by muscle-vessel mechanochemical crosstalk.

In this study, the authors combine interpolation techniques and deep learning methods, introducing Interpolating Neural Networks (INNs) to model complex systems with high accuracy and low computational cost.

Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria Syndrome (HGPS) is a premature aging disease and smooth muscle cells are the most affected cells in HGPS individuals. Here, the authors report a microfluidics platform with HGPS induced pluripotent stem cells and show that inhibition of metalloprotease 13 may reduce smooth muscle cell loss.

Stalagmites from NW Iberia record the rapid demise of large ice sheets during the penultimate deglaciation, and reveal decadal-scale feedbacks between warming and ice melting.

Study shows PTSD predisposition shares distinct genes and genomic regions with several cardiovascular conditions. Here the findings reveal neuronal, immune, and metabolic pathways, and repurposed drug targets that further the understanding of the comorbidity.

Determining the orientation of single molecules in super resolution imaging is challenging. Here, by adding polarization control to phase control in the Fourier plane of the imaging path, parameters such as 3D spatial position, 3D orientation and wobbling or dithering angle can be determined from single molecules.

A meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies of type 2 diabetes (T2D) identifies more than 600 T2D-associated loci; integrating physiological trait and single-cell chromatin accessibility data at these loci sheds light on heterogeneity within the T2D phenotype.

Known genetic loci account for only a fraction of the genetic contribution to Alzheimer’s disease. Here, the authors have performed a large genome-wide meta-analysis comprising 409,435 individuals to discover 6 new loci and demonstrate the efficacy of an Alzheimer’s disease polygenic risk score.

A global network of researchers was formed to investigate the role of human genetics in SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 severity; this paper reports 13 genome-wide significant loci and potentially actionable mechanisms in response to infection.

Predicted responses to climate change may be informed by evolutionary history. Here, the authors reconstruct the phylogeny of lacertid lizards and investigate how the evolution of this clade has varied with paleoclimates and how closely adapted extant species are to modern climates.

Standard assessment of immune infiltration of biopsies is not sufficient to accurately predict response to immunotherapy. Here, the authors show that reflectance confocal microscopy can be used to quantify dynamic vasculature and inflammatory features to better predict treatment response in skin cancers.

Cryoelectron microscopy, cryoelectron tomography and proteomics are used to resolve the 96-nm modular repeat of axonemal doublet microtubules from both sperm flagella and epithelial cilia of the oviduct, brain ventricles and respiratory tract.

Ageing is associated with alterations in gene expression and alternative splicing. Here, the authors show that ageing of the Drosophila ovarian stem cell niche involves coordinated changes in both expression and splicing, with distinct niche cells exhibiting specific ageing signatures.

Lolo et al. show caveolin-1 functions in non-caveolae structures termed dolines. Whereas caveolae respond to high forces over a mechanical threshold, dolines transduce low and medium mechanical forces gradually in a complementary buffering system.

Here the authors develop large-scale nanomaterials to improve the performances of laser propulsion using an easily scalable structure, thus bringing us closer to relativistic travel to our closest stars with microchip probes. These ultra-thin reflectors offer an affordable and realistic step toward lightsail space exploration.

Lecoutre, Maqdasy and Rizo-Roca show that whole-body pharmacological inhibition or adipocyte-specific deletion of glutaminase in mice activates thermogenesis in inguinal adipocytes and promotes metabolic health. They also link decreased plasma and adipose tissue glutamine-to-glutamate ratios to insulin resistance in humans with obesity.

Transgenic K18-hACE2 mice are a useful model of COVID-19 including anosmia; infection of these mice resulted in severe pneumonia and, in some cases, infection in the brain, which was prevented by convalescent plasma.

Liver X receptors (LXRs) are transcription factors that respond to sterols. Castrillo and colleagues identify a unique requirement for LXRα in the development of splenic marginal zone macrophages and their antibody responses to blood-borne antigen.

Tpr nucleoporin is known to be essential for nuclear transport and mitosis processes. Here the authors explore the link between Tpr and genome instability providing insights into the role of Tpr in safeguarding cells from RNA-mediated replication stress.

Inborn errors of the alternative NF-κB pathway in humans impair the development of AIRE-expressing medullary thymic epithelial cells, thereby underlying the production of autoantibodies against type I IFNs and predisposition to viral diseases

Exploring new mechanics regime, researchers created centimeter-long, nanometer-thin resonators, achieving unmatched room temperature mechanical isolation via cutting edge nanoengineering and machine learning design; rivaling cryogenic counterparts.

Adhesion of the human pathogen Mycoplasma pneumoniae to pulmonary epithelial cells is mediated by a transmembrane complex composed of proteins P1 and P40/P90. Here, the authors present the structures of M. pneumoniae P1 and P40/P90, show that P40/P90 binds sialylated oligosaccharides and have also determined the crystal structures of P40/P90 complexes with 3’-Sialyllactose and 6’-Sialyllactose, which provide insights into the mechanisms of adhesion and gliding on host cell surfaces.

Observations from the JWST MIRI/LRS show the detection of SO₂ spectral features in the 5–12-μm transmission spectrum of the hot, Saturn-mass exoplanet WASP-39b, suggesting that photochemistry is a key process in high-temperature exoplanet atmospheres.

Topological antiferromagnetic spin textures, including merons, antimerons, and bimerons, are demonstrated in synthetic antiferromagnets by three-dimensional vector imaging of the Néel order parameter and investigated by micromagnetic analysis.

Promoter capture Hi-C maps in human pancreatic islets identify more than 1,300 three-dimensional regulatory hubs, linking diabetes-associated enhancers to their target genes. Genetic variation in hubs impacts insulin secretion heritability.

Hodor, an intestinal zinc-gated chloride channel, controls systemic growth in Drosophila by promoting food intake and by modulating Tor signalling and lysosomal homeostasis within enterocytes.

Better analytical methods are needed to extract biological meaning from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of psychiatric disorders. Here the authors take GWAS data from over 60,000 subjects, including patients with schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and major depression, and identify common etiological pathways shared amongst them.

The characterization of 4,645 whole-genome and 19,184 exome sequences, covering most types of cancer, identifies 81 single-base substitution, doublet-base substitution and small-insertion-and-deletion mutational signatures, providing a systematic overview of the mutational processes that contribute to cancer development.

The role of mechanical signals in early development are not fully understood. Here, the authors use the simplicity of early killifish embryos to show that tension arising from extra-embryonic epithelial expansion directs the spreading of mesenchymal-like embryonic cells during early morphogenesis.

Thyroid hormones are well known to regulate whole-body energy metabolism, which was believed to occur as a direct effect on individual cells in the periphery. But Antonio Vidal-Puig and his colleagues now show that these thyroid hormone effects on energy regulation are actually indirect, as they regulate AMPK activity in the hypothalamus and thus central signaling to brown adipose tissue in the periphery.

What can we learn from spatial patterns in the ocean? This study suggests planktonic patterns are uncorrelated from physical patchiness, poorly captured from satellite observations, and an underutilized window into ocean biogeochemistry.

First-in-human combined intrathalamic and intrathecal gene therapy in two patients with Tay-Sachs disease provides early evidence on the safety and feasibility of the approach.

The underlying mechanisms driving colorectal cancer (CRC) through the serrated route are largely unknown. Here, the authors show that reduced aPKC levels increase cholesterol biosynthesis to promote aggressiveness in serrated tumours and targeting this pathway reduces tumourigenesis in preclinical models of serrated CRC.