Chronic pain is a common problem that incurs substantial costs to the individual and society as a whole. The efficacy of currently available medications is limited, prompting the exploration of alternative therapeutic approaches. Here, Jensen et al. summarize the state of knowledge regarding the efficacy and mechanisms of four different neuromodulatory interventions—hypnosis, meditation training, noninvasive brain stimulation, and neurofeedback—for the treatment of chronic pain.
- Mark P. Jensen
- Melissa A. Day
- Jordi Miró
