Using cytosolic or membrane-tethered GRK2/3 mutants and G protein inhibitors, authors show that G protein activation, releasing free Gβγ, and GRK2/3-mediated β-arrestin recruitment are inseparably intertwined. This adds to the concept of biased agonism.
- Edda S. F. Matthees
- Jenny C. Filor
- Carsten Hoffmann