The structural organization of surface groups on nanoparticles is proven to be important for cell membrane penetration. Nanoparticles coated with alternating ribbon-like arrangements of hydrophobic and anionic ligands penetrate membranes without causing disruption. These design rules may have implications for toxicity issues and drug delivery applications of nanomaterials.
- Ayush Verma
- Oktay Uzun
- Francesco Stellacci
