Machine-learning-based and population-level electronic health record data–based emulation of landmark phase 3 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in oncology across a range of cancer and risk types showed that the median overall survival treatment benefit for real-world patients would be, on average, 3 months lower than in RCTs, with high-risk phenotypes faring worse.
- Xavier Orcutt
- Kan Chen
- Ravi B. Parikh
