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Defects in silicon carbide represent a viable candidate for realization of spin qubits. Here, the authors show stable bidirectional charge state conversion for the silicon vacancy and divacancy, improving the photoluminescence intensity by up to three orders of magnitude with no effect on spin coherence.

The spatial organization of cells in solid tumors is considered to be important for immune response and response to therapy. Here the authors use multiomics including spatial transcriptomics of human lung tumors prior to patients being treated and show among other things an association of stem-immunity hubs rich in stem-like CD8⁺ T cells with positive response to anti-PD-1 therapy.

A new computer simulation will elucidate whether water is transported through the icy shell of Jupiter’s moon Europa, and where it is sourced from, using multiple surface and interior data from upcoming planetary missions.

Spin-momentum locking is a fundamental property of condensed matter systems. Here, the authors evidence parallel Weyl spin-momentum locking of multifold fermions in the chiral topological semimetal PtGa.

CHAPLE disease is a lethal syndrome caused by genetic loss of the complement regulatory protein CD55. Lenardo, Ozen and their colleagues report that blockade of C5 complement activation in a small cohort of pediatric patients with CHAPLE disease reduced gastrointestinal pathology and restored their immunity and growth.

Previous work decoding linguistic meaning from imaging data has generally been limited to a small number of semantic categories. Here, authors show that a decoder trained on neuroimaging data of single concepts sampling the semantic space can robustly decode meanings of semantically diverse new sentences with topics not encountered during training.

Using a combination of in vivo recording and theoretical modeling, Campbell et al. develop a framework for understanding the integration of self-motion and landmark cues in entorhinal cortex and demonstrate that these principles extend to behavior.

Pugh and colleagues use single-cell RNA sequencing, CRISPR screens and functional assays to define a gradient of developmental and wound-response cell states in glioblastoma stem cells, revealing insights into glioblastoma origins and potential therapeutic targets.

Low total energy expenditure (TEE) has been a hypothesized risk factor for weight gain, but longitudinal repeatability of TEE is incompletely understood. Here the authors report that TEE is repeatable for adults, but not for children, and increases in TEE (adjusted for fat-free mass, fat mass, age and sex) are not associated with body composition changes in short-term longitudinal analyses.

Itskanov and Wang et al. determined high-resolution structures of the human Sec61 channel inhibited by several structurally distinct small molecules and revealed the common inhibitor-binding site in Sec61 and molecular interactions in atomic detail.

Massive unemployment during the COVID-19 pandemic could result in an eviction crisis in US cities. Here, the authors model the effect of evictions on SARS-CoV-2 epidemics, simulating viral transmission within and among households in a theoretical and applied urban settings.

Bodenmiller and colleagues pair imaging mass cytometry with data from the METABRIC cohort to define single-cell phenotypic and genomic features of breast cancer with spatial context, finding associations with breast cancer subtypes and prognosis.

It is challenging to design tough structures based on energy absorbing efficiency owing to the difficulties in modeling non-linear deformation. Here, the authors report a human-monitored self-driving lab and discover structural motifs with high energy absorbing efficiencies up to 75.2%.

Activity-dependent gene expression is thought to involve translocation of Ca²⁺/calmodulin (CaM) to the nucleus. Here, the authors examine a translocation-deficient mutant of γCaMKII, a Ca²⁺/CaM shuttle protein, to show that translocation of Ca²⁺/CaM is required for memory and synaptic plasticity.

Efforts to apply targeted protein degradation for antibiotic development are limited by our understanding of prokaryotic protein degradation. Here, the authors establish a chemical-genetic platform and predictive model to determine the degradation potential of essential mycobacterial proteins.

There still lacks a forecast system that inform end-users regarding the drought impacts, which will be however important for drought management. Here the authors assess the feasibility of forecasting drought impacts using machine-learning and confirm that models, which were built with sufficient amount of reported drought impacts in a certain sector, are able to forecast drought impacts a few months ahead.

Retinal prostheses are being developed to fight severe retinal diseases where wider visual field and higher visual acuity are desired. Here Ferlauto et al. design a foldable and wide-field epiretinal prosthesis that can meet the performance and safety requirements and show a long lifetime of 2 years.

Granule cells constitute half of the cells in the brain, yet their activity during behavior is largely uncharacterized. The authors report that granule cells encode multisensory representations that evolve with learning into a predictive motor signal. This activity may help the cerebellum implement a forward model for action.

Pulmonary large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma is an aggressive subtype of lung cancer. Here, the authors identify distinct subtypes based on genomic alterations and transcriptomic alterations.

During spliceosome assembly, U6 snRNA is recycled from U2 snRNA by the protein Prp24 and is paired with U4 snRNA to form a splicing-competent complex. A structure of yeast Prp24 bound to the conserved core of U6 RNA reveals a new arrangement of RNA-protein contacts that mediates these early events leading to pre-mRNA splicing.

Analysis of the largest available database of Holocene temperature time series covering past 12,000 years reveals complex spatio-temporal trends and challenges the paradigm of a globally synchronous Holocene Thermal Maximum.

Analysis of rare protein-truncating, damaging missense and copy number variants from exome sequencing of 63,237 individuals identifies 72 genes associated with autism spectrum disorder.

Estimates from the Global Dietary Database indicated that 2.2 million new type 2 diabetes and 1.2 million new cardiovascular disease cases were attributable to sugar-sweetened beverages worldwide in 2020, with the highest burdens in sub-Saharan Africa, Latin America and the Caribbean.

Older people have suboptimal responses to primary series vaccines, which can place them at risk for adverse coronavirus disease 2019 outcomes. Here the authors show that booster vaccines provide a substantial increase in antibody levels in the short term but that there is significant waning 100 d after booster shots.

Through micropatterning of a soft basement membrane to control Wnt3a protein distribution, the authors demonstrate how the size, shape, and spatial arrangement of intestinal epithelial crypts can be precisely regulated, offering insights into tissue organization mechanisms.

Proximity labeling is used to map and discover proteins in specific subcellular compartments. Here the authors combine APEX-mediated proximity labeling with organic-aqueous phase separation to identify nuclear, nucleolar, and outer mitochondrial membrane RNA binding proteins.

Osteoporosis GWAS faces two challenges, causal gene discovery and a lack of phenotypic diversity. Here, the authors use the Diversity Outbred mouse population to inform human GWAS using networks and map genetic loci for 55 bone traits, identifying new potential bone strength genes.

Many bacteria export effector proteins even when two incompatible signal sequences are present, one which would lead to export and the other to inner membrane targeting. Here the authors show that such proteins feature decreased hydrophobicity or cognate chaperone binding to prevent erroneous targeting.

The use of natural killer (NK) cells in immunotherapy as an alternative to allogeneic T cells is gaining ground. Here, two genome-scale high-throughput platforms are used to identify genes that modulate the sensitivity of multiple solid tumor cell lines to NK-mediated killing.

Cryo-EM and molecular dynamics simulation analysis of peptide variants of GLP-1 and exendin-4 reveal distinct receptor conformers with unique modes of peptide–receptor engagement.

Due to the limited efficacy of vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 and resistance to current therapies additional anti-viral therapeutics with pan-coronavirus activity are of high interest. Here, the authors screened 2.8 billion compounds from a DNA-encoded chemical library and identified small molecules that are non-covalent inhibitors targeting the conserved 3CL protease of SARS-CoV-2 and other coronaviruses.

It is thought that polyphenols inhibit organic matter decomposition in soils devoid of oxygen. Here the authors use metabolomics and genome-resolved metaproteomics to provide experimental evidence of polyphenol biodegradation and maintained soil microbial community metabolism despite anoxia.

Simultaneous quantification of DNA, RNA and protein at the single cell level has not yet been possible. Here the authors introduce a molecular labelling and detection strategy to quantify synthesis of these biomolecules and couple it to transient cell states through parallel quantification of state-dependent biomolecules.

Artificial cells need to be supplied with ATP as they lack internal systems of energy generation. Here the authors reconstruct ATP synthase and bacteriorhodopsins for light-driven ATP generation, powering transcription and translation.

Spatiotemporal sampling gaps in existing pathogen genomic data limits their use in understanding epidemiological patterns. Here, the authors apply a phylogeographic approach with SARS-CoV-2 genomes to accurately reproduce pathogen spread by accounting for spatial biases and travel history of the individual.

Pancreatic ductal carcinoma (PDAC) is characterized by an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) enriched in stromal cells. Here the authors show that TSG-6-positive cancer associated fibroblasts modulate myeloid cell responses and that TSG-6 targeting improves response to immune checkpoint inhibitors in preclinical PDAC models.

The momentum transport dynamics of a vaporizing droplet under low pressures remain undiscovered. Here authors report the vaporization momentum resulting from the intensive vaporization on the free surface of the water droplet contributes to the self-detachment of freezing droplets.

The transcription factor CREM is a pivotal regulator of NK cell function, making CREM a valuable target to increase the efficacy of anticancer immunotherapies based on this cell population and chimeric antigen receptors.

An electrical heat engine has been realized at sub-Kelvin temperatures. It consists of a superconducting spin-selective tunnel junction of EuS/Al/AlOx/Co. The efficiency of the engine is quantified for different magnetic configurations.

Development of BRET sensors for nearly all major G proteins show that GPCR–G-protein coupling ranges from promiscuous to extremely specific, Switch III is a novel site for G-protein engineering, and optimal donor–acceptor positioning is non-obvious.

Disruption of cerebellar activity impairs working memory during evidence accumulation in mice. Here, the authors show that optogenetic perturbation of Purkinje cell activity disrupts the accurate accumulation of somatosensory information in working memory during perceptual decision-making.

Allosteric GPCR modulators can achieve exquisite subtype selectivity, but the underlying mechanism is unclear. Using molecular dynamics simulations, the authors here identify a previously undetected dynamic pocket in muscarinic GPCRs that is critical for subtype selectivity of allosteric modulators.

Trajectory-coding neurons in the hippocampus convey important information for performing memory tasks. Here, Kinsky et al. track long-term neural activity in the hippocampus to find that trajectory-coding emerges rapidly and remains stable across long time-scales.

Genome-wide analyses of vaccine antibody responses in 2,499 infants from Uganda, South Africa and Burkina Faso identify associations between specific HLA genes and response to eight vaccines, providing insights that could be considered for population-adjusted vaccine design strategies.

The rule of mixtures usually causes composite properties to fall between the maximum and minimum of the parent phases. Here, the authors use large-scale molecular dynamics simulations to break that rule by stabilizing a negative stiffness state in fully dense nickel-aluminum nanowires to achieve ultra-low stiffness.