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IgA nephropathy is a major cause of end-stage renal disease in China, occurring at a high frequency in Asian populations. Here Li and colleagues conduct a four-stage genome-wide association study in a Chinese population, identifying novel loci and variants associated with disease risk.

The authors summarize the data produced by phase III of the Encyclopedia of DNA Elements (ENCODE) project, a resource for better understanding of the human and mouse genomes.

Phenological shifts driven by climate change are well-studied in plants and aboveground animals, but scarcely in belowground biota. Here, the authors show that soil warming causes phenological mismatches between plants, soil microbes and soil microarthropods in an alpine meadow.

High-content screening of a natural diterpenoid library identified a highly potent anti-liver fibrosis lead, 12-deoxyphorbol 13-palmitate (DP), which targets apolipoprotein L2 (APOL2) and impairs APOL2–SERCA2–PERK–HES1 signaling.

This Review discusses multiomic approaches for the characterization and biological understanding of cellular senescence, including detailed case studies on skeletal muscle and adipose tissue that highlight current outstanding issues in the field.

Together with a companion paper, the generation of a transcriptomic atlas for the mouse lemur and analyses of example cell types establish this animal as a molecularly tractable primate model organism.

Together with an accompanying paper presenting a transcriptomic atlas of the mouse lemur, interrogation of the atlas provides a rich body of data to support the use of the organism as a model for primate biology and health.

Findings from a systematic antigenic analysis of these surging Omicron subvariants that this lineage of SARS-CoV-2 continues to evolve, successively yielding subvariants that are not only more transmissible but also more evasive to antibodies.

Optoelectronic neural interfaces allow for non-genetic and remote modulation of neural activity. Here, the authors propose a biodegradable, flexible and miniaturized neural interface based on molybdenum-modified silicon diodes that allows transdermal neuromodulation and promotes nerve regeneration.

The sulfur is a documented poison reagent for metal catalysts. Here the authors show when doped in a carbon matrix, sulfur can enhance the adhesion strength and eventually suppress the metal sintering, which improve the performance of propane dehydrogenation by strong chemical/electronic interactions.

The anti-leprosy drug clofazimine inhibits coronavirus replication in several cell models and shows potent antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2 infection in a hamster model, particularly when used in combination with remdesivir.

Observations of γ-rays with energies up to 1.4 PeV find that 12 sources in the Galaxy are PeVatrons, one of which is the Crab Nebula.

The global pattern of the mammalian methylome is formed by changes in methylation and demethylation. Here the authors describe a metric methylation concurrence that measures the ratio of unmethylated CpGs inside the partially methylated reads and show that methylation concurrence is associated with epigenetically regulated tumour suppressor genes.

Probing the interfacial structure of catalysts under CO₂ electrolysis is crucial. Here, the authors report a well-defined bimetallic silver-copper heterostructure to unravel an intermediate-regulated interfacial restructuring behavior, which promotes CO₂ electroreduction to multi-carbon products.

The effect of hydrogen embrittlement on metal nanostructures is still unclear. Here, the authors combine nanomechanical testing and molecular dynamics simulations to show that hydrogen can suppress surface dislocation nucleation in silver nanowires.

The B.1.1.529/Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2 is resistant to neutralization by serum not only from patients who recovered from COVID-19, but also from individuals vaccinated with one of the four widely used COVID-19 vaccines.

The SARS-CoV-2 variant B.1.1.7 can be neutralized by convalescent sera or sera from vaccinated individuals, whereas the B.1.351 variant is resistant to neutralization by these sera and by several monoclonal antibodies that are in clinical use.

T follicular helper (T_FH) cells are important for the generation of effective antibody responses. Yu and colleagues find that T_FH cells are exceptionally sensitive to death by ferroptosis and that this process is regulated by the activity of the selenoenzyme GPX4.

Visualizing catalytic processes at the nanoscale is crucial to establish structure–activity relations, but remains very challenging. Here, hydrogen spillover is revealed with a 10 nm spatial resolution during hydrogenation of chloronitrobenzenethiol on a bimetallic Pd/Au catalyst by means of tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy.

Full-scale verifications for establishing quantum cryptography communication via satellites are reported. Three independent experiments using a hot-air balloon are performed: on a rapidly moving platform over a distance of 40 km, on a floating platform over a distance of 20 km, and over 96 km in air with a huge loss.

Streptomyces natural product exploration is impeded by the paucity of genetic editing tools available. Here, the authors engineer endogenous type I-E CRISPR into a series of transcriptional regulation tools for activation of cryptic BGCs from the non-model Streptomyces strains.

Nanoparticles that can change shape have attracted attention for improved circulation and tumor penetration. Here, the authors report on a size changeable nanoparticle that responds to near-infrared light and can be used for photothermal therapy, photodynamic therapy, and drug delivery applications.

Transancestral GWAS meta-analysis in 160,420 individuals identifies 139 loci associated with refractive error, including myopia. Newly identified genes implicate pathways involved in eye growth and light signaling cascades.

The pilot phase of PigGTEx, re-analyzing 5,457 published RNA-seq samples, presents a pan-tissue catalog of molecular quantitative trait loci. Cross-species comparisons identify traits with shared genetic regulation in humans.

The gut and oral microbiomes are altered in individuals with rheumatoid arthritis, and these changes can be used to stratify individuals for diagnostic and prognostic purposes.

As a natural biocomposite, Strombus gigas, commonly known as the giant pink queen conch shell, exhibits outstanding mechanical properties such as fracture toughness. Here, the authors show that these properties can be partially attributed to nanoscale twin boundaries in the basic building block of the shell.

An engineered clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat ribonucleoprotein delivered in lipid nanoparticles efficiently edits cells in vivo.

Azo compounds are widely used in the photo-induced regulation in biological systems. Here, the authors develop a nanosystem comprising an azo-fluorescent switch, in which the visible light-responsiveness enables the control of the system and monitorization using fluorescence imaging.

A diverse collection of potent neutralizing antibodies against the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein have been isolated from five patients with severe COVID-19 and high serum neutralization titres.

In this prespecified analysis of the ongoing TORCHLIGHT phase 3 trial, first-line treatment with toripalimab and nab-paclitaxel in patients with advanced triple-negative breast cancer led to significantly longer progression-free survival in the PD-L1-positive population compared to nab-paclitaxel alone.

The electronic states in three-dimensional crystals such as graphite can be tuned by a superlattice potential occurring at the interface with crystallographically aligned hexagonal boron nitride.

Low-density compressible materials often suffer from fatigue-induced failure or limited elasticity. Here, the authors create a hierarchical multi-arch carbon material that achieves high compressibility, superior elasticity and fatigue resistance simultaneously, inspired by properties of arches in daily life.

The plant vacuole acts as a storage compartment for inorganic phosphate and buffers cytoplasmic phosphate concentration. Here, Liu et al. identify a group of vacuolar phosphate transporters in Arabidopsisthat are required for plant growth in response to fluctuating availability of phosphate.

Age-related macular degeneration is a prominent cause of irreversible blindness among the elderly. Here Huang et al.identify a novel missense variant in UBE3D that sheds new light on the pathogenesis of the disease.

Achieving highly selective separation of olefin/paraffin is a significant challenge in the chemical industry. Here the authors present polydopamine-derived carbons with tailorable sub-5 Å micropores probed by a series of gas molecules that can realize precise size-sieving of olefin from paraffin.

A wearable ultrasound patch monitors subjects in motion using machine learning and wireless electronics.

Fu, Sun, Xue, Zhou et al. show that the mitoprotease LONP1 selectively degrades a complex II component to control intracellular succinate levels, which is needed for white-to-beige adipocyte cell fate programming during adipocyte thermogenic remodelling.

Emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants with multiple mutations raise concerns on vaccine effectiveness. Here, Kang et al. report that a quadrivalent mosaic nanoparticle vaccine displaying spike proteins from the SARS-CoV-2 prototype and three different VOCs confer protection against SARS-CoV-2 variants in mice.

A wearable epidermal sweat sensing platform that contains a printed low-power electrochromic display and a stretchable Ag₂O–Zn battery can collect, analyse and present electrochemical data in real time without the need to connect to external devices.

Chiral sulfur pharmacophores are crucial in drug discovery, but the controlled synthesis of sulfinamides with stereogenic-at-sulfur(IV) centres is a long-standing challenge. Now a method for the catalytic asymmetric synthesis of sulfinamides and sulfinate esters has been developed that features the acyl transfer sulfinylation of diverse nucleophiles, including aromatic amines and alcohols, using chiral 4-arylpyridine N-oxides as catalysts.