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Showing 1–12 of 12 results
Advanced filters: Author: Ursula Grohmann Clear advanced filters

  • 3-hydroxy-L-kynurenamine (3-HKA) is a metabolite deriving from a lateral pathway of tryptophan catabolism. Here the authors identify 3-HKA as a biogenic amine and show it has anti-inflammatory properties that can protect mice against psoriasis and nephrotoxic nephritis.

    • Cristina C. Clement
    • Angelo D’Alessandro
    • Laura Santambrogio
    ResearchOpen Access
    Nature Communications
    Volume: 12, P: 1-17

  • CpG oligodeoxynucleotides stimulate innate immune signalling and are of significant interest as therapeutics. Here the authors show that at high doses, these molecules induce an opposite, tolerogenic effect, acting through a previously uncharacterized Toll-like receptor-dependent pathway.

    • Claudia Volpi
    • Francesca Fallarino
    • Paolo Puccetti
    Research
    Nature Communications
    Volume: 4, P: 1-11

  • Excessive glutamate seen in multiple sclerosis leads to excitotoxicity and neuronal dysfunction. Fallarino et al. find that the clinical signs and neuroinflammation in experimental autoimmune encephalitis is worsened in mice deficient in the metabotropic glutamate receptor-4. Small molecules that enhance signaling through this receptor suppress neuroinflammation by promoting T regulatory cell development and suppressing TH17 responses. This cross-talk between the nervous and immune system suggests an endogenous mechanism to suppress neuroinflammation in the context of multiple sclerosis.

    • Francesca Fallarino
    • Claudia Volpi
    • Roberto Di Marco
    Research
    Nature Medicine
    Volume: 16, P: 897-902

  • Here, the authors propose a new mechanism of immune tolerance. It involves the production of the immunoregulatory enzyme IDO (indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase) induced by reverse signalling and non-canonical nuclear factor-κB activation in dendritic cells interacting with regulatory-T-cell-expressed co-receptors.

    • Paolo Puccetti
    • Ursula Grohmann
    Reviews
    Nature Reviews Immunology
    Volume: 7, P: 817-823

  • Initial exposure to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induces endotoxin tolerance, which reduces immunological reactions to LPS; here it is shown that primary LPS challenge is controlled by AhR, TDO2 and IL-10, whereas sustained effects require AhR, IDO1 and TGF-β, allowing for disease tolerance with reduced immunopathology in infections.

    • Alban Bessede
    • Marco Gargaro
    • Paolo Puccetti
    Research
    Nature
    Volume: 511, P: 184-190

  • Signaling and transcriptional regulation of MDSC activity remains largely undefined. Here the authors show that monocytic MDSC immunosuppression is triggered by c-FLIP and requires NFκB, implicate this axis in cancer prognosis and response to therapy, and employ ectopic FLIP to treat immunopathology.

    • Alessandra Fiore
    • Stefano Ugel
    • Vincenzo Bronte
    ResearchOpen Access
    Nature Communications
    Volume: 9, P: 1-13

  • Chronic granulomatous disease is associated with lack of NADPH activity in phagocytes and characterized by recurrent bacterial and fungal infections as well as exagerated inflammation. This paper shows that the excessive inflammation can be attributed to the lack of NAPPH-derived reactive oxygen which is required for the conversion of tryptophan to kynurenine.

    • Luigina Romani
    • Francesca Fallarino
    • Paolo Puccetti
    Research
    Nature
    Volume: 451, P: 211-215