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In strongly correlated systems, how magnetic excitations are renormalized by charge carriers remains an open question. An experiment now reports the observation of magnon-polarons—magnons dressed by doped holes—in a Fermi–Hubbard quantum simulator.

The study of statistical correlations is central to the description of complex quantum objects. Measurements of density correlation functions of ultracold molecules are now possible through the realization of a molecular quantum gas microscope.

In the presence of light-induced spin–orbit coupling, ultracold atoms form pairs with a spin-triplet component. Creating these pairs is an important step towards realizing atomic superfluids with topological excitations.

A technique analogous to angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy used in materials characterization has been developed for interacting Fermi gases in an optical lattice, providing information on the single-particle excitations in a many-body system.

A type of interaction blockade that occurs for ultracold atoms confined to an optical lattice may offer a means of reducing the temperature and, thus, entropy of quantum gases to the level necessary for quantum simulation.

There are two different approaches for creating complex atomic many-body quantum systems — the macroscopic and the microscopic — which have, until now, been fairly disconnected. A quantum gas 'microscope' is now demonstrated that bridges the two approaches and can be used to detect single atoms held in a Hubbard-regime optical lattice. This quantum gas microscope may enable addressing and read-out of large-scale quantum information systems based on ultracold atoms.

A triangular-lattice Hubbard system realized with ultracold atoms is used to directly image spin polarons, revealing ferromagnetic correlations around a charge dopant, a manifestation of the Nagaoka effect.

Experiments demonstrate the powerful capabilities of ultracold molecules to study dynamics in the context of quantum magnetism, and create new possibilities for studying quantum physics with ultracold molecules more broadly.

Solitons — solitary waves that maintain their shape as they propagate — in a strongly interacting superfluid of fermionic lithium atoms are found to have an effective mass more than 50 times larger than the theoretically predicted value, a sign of strong quantum fluctuations.

The simplest lattice model that allows the investigation of superconductivity with attractive interactions is realized using ultracold quantum gas. The experimental observation provides a lower bound on the strength of s-wave pairing correlations.

Ultracold gases provide a platform for idealized realizations of many-body systems. Thanks to recent advances in quantum gas microscopy, collective quantum phenomena can be probed with single-site resolution.