Sir,

Topical vasoconstrictors are widely used for the relief of red eyes. Systemic side effects are due to their sympathomimetic activity, and may lead to arrhythmias, systemic hypertensive crisis, and angle closure glaucoma. Local side effects are mainly attributed to the preservative benzalkonium chloride and include irritation, discomfort, lacrimation, punctate keratitis, and cytotoxicity.1, 2 Chronic use may lead to rebound hyperaemia and persistent redness of the eyes. Conjunctival hyperaemia is associated with increase in ocular surface temperature.3

Log in or create a free account to read this content

Gain free access to this article, as well as selected content from this journal and more on nature.com

Access through your institution

or

Sign in or create an account
Continue with Google
Continue with ORCiD