Analysis

Ten major biopharma companies submitted detailed performance data on every clinical site active during their recent phase I, II and III trials. The participating companies ranged in market capitalization from US$25 billion to more than $150 billion, and all had annual R&D expenditures of over $1.5 billion. The resulting data set consists of more than 75,000 site records spanning all diseases and regions. To strengthen the data set, we incorporated selected information from KMR Group's proprietary Site Metrix database, which includes performance data from over 600,000 recent global site records from 35 biopharma companies. We also gathered qualitative information from over 70 interviews and targeted survey queries of sponsors, sites and contract research organizations (CROs). Interviews covered the site value chain, addressing processes such as site identification and feasibility assessment, contracting and budget negotiation, site resourcing and training, study conduct, site close-out and investigator payments (see Supplementary Box 1 for details of the data set and analysis).

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