Extended Data Fig. 2: Principal of state-selective measurement.

The tensor light shift induced by the trap laser distinctly separates Zeeman sublevels of the upper state 3P1, effectively preventing photon absorption by the \(\left\vert -5/2\right\rangle\) state. Following the measurement of the population of the \(\left\vert +5/2\right\rangle\) state, a π pulse generated by the control laser swaps the populations of the \(\left\vert +5/2\right\rangle\) and \(\left\vert -5/2\right\rangle\) states. Subsequently, the same probe pulse is applied to detect the population of the original \(\left\vert -5/2\right\rangle\) state.