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Bladder cancer

Chlorination by-products in drinking water — association with bladder cancer risk

Nature Reviews Urology volume 22, page 198 (2025)Cite this article

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Chlorination is a common method for disinfecting drinking water but can produce potentially carcinogenic by-products, such as trihalomethanes (THMs). A new systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to assess the association between residential THM exposure and cancer risk, and the results were published in Environmental Health Perspectives.

Overall, 29 studies assessing THM concentrations in relation to cancer in 14 organs were analysed, including 8 on bladder cancer. Among all tumours, only bladder cancer and colorectal cancer were eligible for meta-analyses.

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  1. Nature Reviews Urology http://www.nature.com/nrurol/

    Maria Chiara Masone

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  1. Maria Chiara Masone
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Correspondence to Maria Chiara Masone.

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Masone, M.C. Chlorination by-products in drinking water — association with bladder cancer risk. Nat Rev Urol 22, 198 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41585-025-01017-7

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