Reviews & Analysis

The ancestral evolutionary states of thylakoid membranes may have been initially dedicated to non-oxygenic alternative electron flows.

Motion sickness, a common response to unnatural motion, varies widely among individuals. A review of recent findings highlights the gut’s active role, including its brain-body pathways potentially driving pathophysiology and hinting at a more complex model than previously thought.

This Perspective presents a JEVbased gene therapy platform that delivers and amplifies RNA ASOs within neurons to silence mutant SOD1 in ALS. By combining Trojan horse delivery, neuronspecific replication, and sustained action, this strategy offers a precise and durable framework for CNS-targeted intervention.

This Perspective article proposes a neurodynamical model of intuition as a fast, embodied pathfinding mechanism shaped by evolution. Drawing on the free-energy principle and metastability, it explores how the brain predicts, feels, and acts through dynamic coordination.

Palaeo-bioinspiration greatly increases the potential of nature-inspired innovation by incorporating extinct biodiversity, which represents 99.9% of all life on earth.

This perspective highlights spatially restricted coral bleaching as an underexplored ecological phenomenon that offers critical insight into within-colony heterogeneity.

Archaeal research and its growing importance have benefited from a community that is engaged in various collaborative efforts, which are highlighted here with examples for the sharing of resources and data, as well as the building of supportive environments to advance the community.

Removal of sharks and large teleosts by fishing creates a trophic cascade by altering anti-predator behaviors of mesopredatory fishes, which reduces predation on Crown of Thorns Starfish, allowing the species to form outbreaks on coral reefs.

Virome-scale studies are changing our understanding of the virosphere, but deficiencies in reporting may limit the value of these studies. To increase the usefulness of virome-scale studies, 10 recommendations for the improvement of reporting are provided.

Gram-negative bacteria envelope controls drug accumulation via passive influx and active efflux mechanisms. This article discusses recent in cellulo, in vitro, and in silico methods highlighting key “drug-transporters” dialogues and proposes new perspectives to overcome drug resistance.

This article advances the view of anosognosia as a driver of cognitive decline in Alzheimer’s disease, due to early amyloid-β deposits in the posterior cingulate cortex, with error-monitoring failure and patients’ inability to counter their deficits.

For amphibians, a taxon characterized by small distributions, microreserves can contain similar amphibian species richness and augment the coverage of amphibian diversity by a growing reserve network more rapidly when compared to larger reserves.

This perspective explores the dual role of the tumor suppressor BAP1 in placental development and cancer. By integrating insights from tumor and developmental biology, the study offers new therapeutic targets for pregnancy disorders and cancer.

This perspective describes how insects, such as Hermetia illucens, which are already used to process organic wastes at industrial scales, could be developed as a synthetic biology platform for sustainable biomanufacturing and bioremediation.

This Perspective discusses DNA-loop extrusion generated by SMC. The model details how the “DNA baton” is transferred from the hinge domain to a DNA pocket through anisotropic hinge motion, ensuring loop stability and providing insights into the dynamic process of DNA-loop extrusion.

This perspective highlights the limitations of empirically evaluating causal gene discovery methods in the absence of completely labeled reference gene sets. It shows that sensitivity, specificity, and AUC may be critically biased, and advocate for increased reliance on probabilistic modeling.

This perspective discusses five conservation challenges using a landscape in Ethiopia as the lens, exploring a story on how the ecology and evolution of coffee shape biodiversity conservation can inspire to view other landscapes with fresh eyes.

This article explores novel routes to better analyze neural processes underlying the brain’s adaptability and cognitive functioning, focusing on executive functions and cognitive control. It delves into the concept of “metacontrol”, proposing a dynamic balance of processes based on situational demands, and discusses the role of different concepts of neural dynamics in supporting adaptive behavior and understanding psychiatric disorders.

Presenting mechanisms that modulate cerebral vessel tone as interaction graphs to support research design, interpret study findings, and generate hypotheses on disease.

A Perspective on how the tools of behavioral science and the emerging field of diverse intelligence help to understand decision-making of cellular collectives in evolutionary and biomedical contexts.