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Chromium sulfur bromide is an air-stable van der Waals magnet, which has a large optical response. Here, Smolenski et al find a large exciton binding energy CrSBr, which they attribute to localization due to the quasi one-dimensional electronic bands.

A topological Chern insulating state is reported to emerge from strong correlations in flat moiré bands in a graphene superlattice and by applying a vertical electric field the Chern number is switched.

A dynamical topological phase with edge qubits that are dynamically protected from control errors, cross-talk and stray fields, is demonstrated in a quasiperiodically driven array of ten ¹⁷¹Yb⁺ hyperfine qubits in a model trapped-ion quantum processor.

Bharathan et al. discover that the endoplasmic reticulum associates with keratin intermediate filaments and desmosomal cell–cell junctions, and that desmosomes and the keratin cytoskeleton regulate the distribution, dynamics and function of the endoplasmic reticulum network.

Crystals of trapped atomic ions can act as nanoscale mechanical oscillators and make ultrasensitive measurements of force and displacement.

Discussions at a recent conference on microscopy technology dissemination spotlighted the importance of setting technology adoption capable of producing scientific outcome as the end goal. This Comment examines current global efforts in microscopy dissemination and summarizes the challenges and paths forward.

Synthesis of heterostructures of magnetic intercalation compounds in transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) via directed topotactic reactions enables the creation of multi-component magnetic architectures, overcoming limitations of crystallographic incommensurability

Medical devices face stability challenges in extreme pH conditions. Here, the authors report a liquid-based encapsulation approach that achieves year-long encapsulation in acidic conditions

Vertical exchange in the ocean is an important conduit connecting the surface to the deep and influences the distributions of gases, nutrients, pollutants, and other tracers. Here the authors using high-resolution observations and numerical simulations of the ocean fronts in the Northern Gulf of Mexico reveal that the interaction between the fronts and land-sea breeze creates slantwise pathways for water parcels and induces significant subduction of surface water and upwelling of bottom water.

Here authors show that machine learning derives the degree of background retinal pigmentation with more nuance than self-described ethnicity. Retinal pigment scores are associated with genes linked to melanin and may improve algorithmic fairness.

Microtubules need to be generated during cell division to build mitotic or meiotic spindles. Here, reconstitution experiments and theoretical modeling show that chromosomes alone can trigger branching microtubule nucleation.

Detection of quantum oscillations in thermal transport could shed light on the origin of thermal Hall effect in correlated materials but it is challenging. Here the authors report quantum oscillations in the thermal Hall effect in the kagome metal CsV₃Sb₅ indicating strong violation of the Wiedemann–Franz law.

Topological antiferromagnetic states are generated and spatially reconfigured in free-standing crystalline membranes of haematite through strain design.

A terahertz camera based on an upconversion mechanism to the visible range can image both THz polarization state and field strength.

Angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy of CaNi₂ shows a band with vanishing dispersion across the full 3D Brillouin zone that is identified with the pyrochlore flat band as well as two additional flat bands that arise from multi-orbital interference of Ni d-electrons.

Here, the authors discover small molecules that inhibit glycosylation processes that occur in the Golgi apparatus of cells. The molecules reversibly inhibit formation of elaborate glycan structures without affecting secretion of glycoproteins.

There is substantial debate over the best approach for developing transformative drugs and how this might be supported. To help inform this debate by improving the understanding of the characteristics of transformative drug innovation, the authors surveyed a US-based group of ∼180 expert physicians in 15 medical specialities, who identified the drugs that they considered to be the most transformative in their fields over the past 25 years, as well as key factors affecting their opinions.

Evans, Blake, Longworth and colleagues identify and characterize a tumour-suppressive role for microglia that mediate a pro-inflammatory response to restrict brain metastasis in breast cancer.

Deconvolution methods infer levels of immune infiltration from bulk expression of tumour samples. Here, authors assess 6 published and 22 community-contributed methods via a DREAM Challenge using in vitro and in silico transcriptional profiles of admixed cancer and healthy immune cells.

Single-cycle terahertz pumps are used to impulsively trigger ionic hopping in battery solid electrolytes, probing ion transport at its fastest limit and demonstrating the connection between activated transport and the thermodynamics of information.

An innovative technique uses ultrafast below-bandgap electric-field pulses to induce and probe an insulator–metal transition in an oxide thin film on which a metamaterial structure has been deposited.

An epidural spinal cord stimulation system regulates blood pressure in the acute and chronic phases of spinal cord injury.

Actinide compounds possess complex electronic structures. Here the authors introduce the satellite peak in actinide M₄-edge resonant inelastic X-ray scattering to probe the number of localized 5 f electrons and assesses bond covalency in actinide compounds.

The authors investigate the role of inhibition in shaping spatial selectivity of CA1 place cells. Combining whole-cell recordings, optogenetics and computational modeling, they demonstrate that inhibition enhances both rate and temporal coding of space by counteracting noise from broad out-of-field excitation.

α-Synuclein and tau can form multiple amyloid structures or strains that are associated with different neurodegenerative diseases, suggesting a strain–toxicity relationship. Now, it has been shown that O-GlcNAc modification of α-synuclein results in the formation of an amyloid strain that is largely nonpathogenic in vivo, supporting structure-dependent toxicity and another protective role for O-GlcNAc.

Available evidence supports the existence of functional connections between resident microorganisms and the kidney that are altered in the context of specific kidney diseases. This Roadmap article describes current understanding of the mechanisms by which microorganisms regulate host organ function, highlighting key knowledge gaps that remain to be addressed and opportunities for future research.

Studies of protein degradation through peptidomic analyses are complicated by the vast potential peptidomic landscapes. Here, the authors present a method that cluster peptides, simplifying down-stream analyses and apply it identify pathogen-specific peptide patterns in infected wounds.

Understanding the molecular basis of voltage-sensing is of great importance in biology. Here, the authors use computational analysis and simulations to reveal atomic level insights into the mechanism of an isolated voltage-sensing domain.

How murine tracheal mesenchyme is specified during development is unclear. Here, the authors show a Wnt pathway target, Tbx4, is needed but this is regulated by Wnt signals from neighbouring tracheal epithelial cells, and take advantage of this knowledge to generate tracheal cartilage and smooth muscle on dish from mouse and human embryonic stem cells.

High-resolution imaging is essential for quantum simulation and computation in optical lattices and tweezers. Here, authors achieve fast 2.4-microsecond single-atom imaging with 99.4% fidelity and demonstrate number-resolved imaging without parity projection, advancing quantum readout capabilities.

Water is vital for ion transport in anion exchange membranes (AEMs). Here, the authors used electrochemical impedance, ultrafast spectroscopy, and molecular models to reveal how water arrangements affect bromide ion transport in state-of-the-art AEMs, offering insights for better membrane design.

A cryo-strain device capable of applying large, continuous strains to two-dimensional materials in situ enables the reversible tuning of magnetic order and spin-canting process of the layered magnetic semiconductor CrSBr.

The rotation of polarized light in certain materials when subject to a magnetic field is known as the Faraday effect. Remarkably, just one atomic layer of graphene exhibits Faraday rotations that would only be measurable in other materials many hundreds of micrometres thick.

Cancer cells have altered lipid metabolism. Here the authors show that DAXX promotes lipogenesis and tumorigenesis through interaction with SREBP1/2.

Understanding transformations of non-equilibrium materials is a key open scientific question. Here the pathway by which different polar supertextures undergo dynamical correlations and collectively transform into a metastable supercrystal state is revealed experimentally and theoretically over seven orders of magnitude timescale.

A prototypical kagome metal with magnetic and topological properties is identified.

Strontium isotope analysis can be applied to animal and plant tissues to help determine their provenance. Here, the authors generate a strontium isoscape of sub-Saharan Africa using data from 2266 environmental samples and demonstrate its efficacy by tracing the African roots of individuals from historic slavery contexts.

Chromosomal instability occurs frequently in cancer, making it an attractive therapeutic target. Here, the authors identify KIF18A as a targetable vulnerability of cancer cells with chromosomal instability and target this using VLS-1272, a selective KIF18A inhibitor.

Current imaging flow cytometry approaches remain limited in their ability to reveal subcellular information with high-resolution and instrumental simplicity. Here, the authors present a light-field flow cytometer capable of high-content, multi-color imaging of cells with high-resolution in 3D.

Despite being recommended, day-zero biopsies are often not performed, due to the cost and time. Here, the authors show that machine learning and donor’s basic parameters can predict the biopsy, offering a reliable virtual estimation of the day-zero biopsy findings.

Lenardo and colleagues identify a new human genetic disease, GISELL, whereby ceramide lipid homeostasis is disrupted, thereby altering T cell longevity. Deficiency of GTPase of the immunity-associated protein 5 (GIMAP5) in patients leads to cellular senescence, immunodeficiency and early mortality.

The assembly of actin filaments into distinct cytoskeletal structures plays a critical role in cell physiology. Here, the authors use a combination of live cell imaging and in vitro single molecule binding measurements to show that tandem calponin homology domains (CH1–CH2) are sensitive to actin filament conformation, biasing their subcellular localization.

The tunability of electronic properties is a central goal of research into topological semimetals. Here, the authors report Weyl nodal ring states in the magnetic semimetal EuGa₄ and link the nodal ring state to the observed large non-saturating magnetoresistance.

Intratumoural heterogeneity in high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC) remains to be explored. Here, the authors perform spatial transcriptomics and reveal a high degree of subclonal heterogeneity in HGSOC.

Here, the authors provide evidence that the renal microbiome can be disrupted by antibiotics, leading to differential effects on anti-lithogenic taxa like Lactobacillus and pro-lithogenic bacteria such as Enterobacteriaceae.