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Monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A) is an outer mitochondrial membrane-bound enzyme best known for its function in the brain, but also linked to cancer progression. Here, the authors show that MAO-A is expressed in tumor associated macrophages, promoting their immunosuppressive properties, and that MAO inhibition suppresses tumor growth in preclinical models.

Duy and Weise et al. combined human functional integrative genomics with mouse experimental biology to reveal a neuroprogenitor-based genetic subtype of human hydrocephalus with defective neurogenesis and altered brain–fluid biomechanics.

Continuous experience is segmented into discrete mnemonic episodes. The authors identify neurons in the human brain whose responses to cognitive boundaries predict memory encoding success and mark timepoints that are reinstated during retrieval.

A revised date for the Laacher See eruption using measurements of subfossil trees shifts the chronology of European varved lakes relative to the Greenland ice core record, synchronizing the onset of the Younger Dryas across the North Atlantic–European sector.

A study establishes a scalable approach to engineer and characterize a many-body-localized discrete time crystal phase on a superconducting quantum processor.

A series of dicyanamide-based hybrid organic–inorganic perovskite structures has been shown to melt at temperatures below 300 °C. On melt-quenching, they form glasses that possess coordination bonding and show very low thermal conductivities and moderate electrical conductivities as well as polymer-like thermomechanical properties.

Weak topological insulators (WTI) remain difficult to be observed in experiments. Here, the authors discover a WTI state in RhBi₂, where the topological surface states with saddle points result in a van Hove singularity along the (100) direction near Fermi energy.

A study finds that a protease called granzyme K can activate the entire complement cascade, explaining how it can drive destructive inflammation in inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis.

The detection of topological states is restricted to limited experimental tools. Here, the authors apply broadband solid-state ¹²⁵Te nuclear magnetic resonance on Bi₂Te₃ nanoplatelets uncovering signals distinguishing edge Dirac electrons and bulk electrons.

Understanding the underlying physics and improving the performance of mixed lead halide perovskite materials remains a challenge. Here, the authors present experimental and theoretical study of structural phases, phase transitions, and dipolar dynamics in the mixed cation MA1-xDMAxPbBr3 perovskites.

Methods to track molecular motion in eukaryotic cells mostly rely on fluorescent labels, transfection or photobleaching. Here the authors use multimodal partial wave spectroscopy to perform label-free live cell measurements of nanoscale structure and macromolecular motion with millisecond temporal resolution.

New hydrological simulations show for the first time how sensitive groundwater and surface water connections are to systematic warming across the continental United States. The authors here show a clear reduction in subsurface water storage under a warming climate and intensified aridification of north America.

Understanding the role of plasmon excitation is crucial for the realization of hot carrier devices. Here, the authors report internal quantum efficiency measurements in photoexcited gold gallium nitride Schottky diodes and elucidate the roles of surface plasmon excitation, hot carrier transport, and carrier injection in device performance.

Complex spike burst discharges of hippocampal neurons are proposed to be important for plasticity. Here, the authors report that in CA3 pyramidal neurons complex bursts generated by intrinsic mechanisms, can represent heterogeneous input-output functions and are regulated by HCN and Kv2 channels.

The photoresponse of graphene-based photodetectors is dominated by photovoltaic and photothermoelectric effects. Here, the authors leverage strongly localised plasmonic heating of graphene carriers to detect a second photothermoelectric effect occurring across a homogeneous channel in the presence of an electronic temperature gradient.

Existing fluorescent protein-based sensor measurements are limited to 4 or fewer simultaneously recorded modalities due to spectral overlap. Here the authors introduce Multiplexed Optical Sensors in Arrayed Islands of Cells (MOSAIC), which enables parallel recording of tens of physiological parameters using dense arrays of cell islands, each expressing a different fluorescent sensor.

Chemically inducible trimerization tools based on split FRB or FKBP with full-length FKBP or FRB, respectively, expand the chemogenetics toolbox. Their efficiency and fast kinetics enable new types of protein manipulation in live cells.

Transition metal complexes that display slow magnetic relaxation show promise for information storage, but our mechanistic understanding of the magnetic relaxation of such compounds remains limited. Here, the authors spectroscopically and computationally characterize the strength of spin–phonon couplings, which play an important role in the relaxation process.

Palantir uses single-cell RNA-seq data to generate continuous models of differentiation, infer developmental trajectories, and calculate the probabilities of cell fate choices.

Picophytoplankton are partitioned into niches, globally, and their abundance may increase as ocean temperatures rise, suggest analyses of a global abundance dataset with a neural-network-based niche model.

Scale-free vertical tracking microscopy based on a ‘hydrodynamic treadmill’ enables measuring long-range movements of freely suspended organisms with high spatiotemporal resolution.

Tumours can escape CD8 T-cell immunity by down-regulating antigen presentation machinery components, such as TAP. Here the authors describe tumour antigenic peptides processed by TAP-independent and -dependent pathways and show in mouse models that these peptides can be exploited to induce antitumor T-cell activity when TAP expression is downregulated.

The ability to measure strain in cells and tissues in vitro with minimal perturbation and at high spatial resolution has proven challenging. Here the authors develop a fluorescently-labelled fibronectin square lattice mesh that can be applied to the surface of cells and tissues to enable direct quantification and mapping of strain over time.

Enduring changes in synaptic efficacy are highly sensitive to stress. Here, the authors show that astrocytic delivery of metabolites has an important role in the stress-mediated impairment of synaptic plasticity.

Marine woodborers can digest woody biomass without the help of gut microbiota but the mechanism has remained unclear. Here, the authors provide evidence that the woodborer’s respiratory protein hemocyanin plays a central role in wood digestion and may offer a route toward biorefining of woody plant biomass.

Oscillatory features in the absorption spectra of formamidinium lead triiodide perovskite thin films reveal the occurrence of intrinsic quantum confinement effects with confinement on the scale of tens of nanometres.

A crystal structure of human ESCRT-I headpiece reveals a helical assembly that is required for autophagosome closure and HIV-1 release in cells. The work suggests that ESCRT-I assembly templates ESCRT-III assembly for membrane scission.

Oxide-supported isolated Pt-group metal atoms as catalytic active sites are of interest because of their unique reactivity. Isolated Pt species are now shown to adopt a range of local coordination environments and oxidation states in response to environmental conditions.

Electron affinity (EA) is a key parameter in determining the chemical behavior of the elements, but challenging to measure for unstable atoms. Here the authors succeed in measuring the EA of astatine, the heaviest naturally occurring halogen, and compare it with predictions from relativistic calculations.

Low-cost, mass-scalable production routes which preserve the quality of the single crystals are required to up-scale van der Waals materials. Here, the authors demonstrate an approach to realise a variety of functional heterostructures based on van der Waals nanocrystal films produced through the mechanical abrasion of bulk powders.

Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) is highly heritable, yet not well understood from a genetic perspective. Here, the authors perform a meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies in 34,179 POAG cases, identifying 44 previously unreported risk loci and mapping effects across multiple ethnicities.

By demonstrating a computational approach to restore the clinical efficacy of a COVID-19 antibody, the potential to rapidly update clinical antibodies is explored.

Genome-wide analyses identify variants associated with sinus node dysfunction, distal conduction disease and pacemaker implantation, implicating ion channel function, cardiac developmental programs and sarcomeric structure in bradyarrhythmia susceptibility.

Dimethyl fumarate (DMF) is an anti-inflammatory drug proposed as a treatment for COVID19. Here the results are reported from a randomised trial testing DMF treatment in 713 patients hospitalised with COVID-19. DMF was not associated with any improvement in day 5 outcomes.

A genome-wide association meta-analysis study here shows novel genetic loci to be associated to body fat percentage, and describes cross-phenotype association that further demonstrate a close relationship between adiposity and cardiovascular disease risk.

Vibrio cholerae quorum sensing mitigates infection-induced wasting of a Drosophila host.

The infrared view of JWST has opened up the early Universe to study. This Perspective summarizes the key developments in our understanding of the high-redshift Universe from the first 18 months of JWST observations.

The nanoscale patterning of two-dimensional materials offers the possibility of novel optoelectronic properties; however, it remains challenging. Here, Camilli et al. show the self-assembly of large arrays of highly-uniform graphene dots imbedded in a BCN matrix, enabling novel devices.

An individual star at z = 1.49 is gravitationally lensed and highly magnified by a foreground galaxy cluster. Fluctuations in the star’s emission provide insight on the mass function of intracluster stars, compact objects and the presence of dark-matter subhaloes.

The authors test whether experience-dependent neocortical modifications need Ube3a, an ubiquitin ligase implicated in autism and Angelman syndrome, using a mouse model of Angelman syndrome. They find that experience-dependent maturation of excitatory circuits in the visual cortex is impaired in these mice and that there are deficits in plasticity. This loss of plasticity was reversible with visual deprivation.

A superconducting nanowire acting as a single-photon detector and as a microwave delay line is used to demonstrate an imaging device at the single-photon level with sub-20-µm spatial resolution and 50-ps temporal resolution.

Large-scale tissue reorganization requires the generation of directional tension, which requires orientation of the cytoskeleton. Here Chanetet al. alter tissue shape and tension in the Drosophilaembryo to show that geometric and mechanical constraints act as cues to orient the cytoskeleton and tension.

The activation of bacterial mechanosensitive channels is still not fully understood. Here, Bavi et al. show that the N-terminal helix of MscL dynamically couples membrane tension to channel gating, suggesting a conserved mechanism underlying the mechanosensitivity of ion channels of higher organisms.

The oxygen reduction reaction limits fuel cell performance and currently requires costly electrocatalysts with high platinum content to achieve adequate power densities. Now a silver–cobalt surface alloy electrocatalyst has been developed for the oxygen reduction reaction that is stable in alkaline electrolytes and is more economical than traditional platinum-based materials.