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The walking encyclopedia of comets.

A sufficiently strong magnetic field drives an electron system into the so-called extreme quantum limit. Zhang et al. demonstrate that in this regime, a Dirac semimetal acquires a robust plateau in the thermoelectric Hall conductivity, with a value independent of magnetic field or electron concentration.

Transition metal dichalcogenides exhibit diverse and tunable electronic states. Here the authors reveal a cascade of phase transitions upon increasing hydrostatic pressure in the few-layer 1T’-WS₂, including a re-entrant superconducting phase emerging from a normal state exhibiting anomalous Hall effect.

A new type of Hall effect—the layer Hall effect—is produced in a 2D antiferromagnet that does not exhibit any net magnetization.

The development of high-performance magnetic field sensors is important for magnetic sensing and imaging. Here, the authors fabricate Hall sensors from graphene encapsulated in hBN and few-layer graphite, demonstrating high performance over a wide range of temperature and background magnetic field.

Theories predict a large thermopower and a quantized thermoelectric Hall conductivity in topological semimetals. Here, the authors observe an ultrahigh longitudinal thermopower and a giant power factor attributed to the quantized thermoelectric Hall effect in a Weyl semimetal TaP.

Zero Hall effect is found in the quantum limit of KHgSb. This observation is attributed to counter-propagating double quantum spin Hall states.

Thermoelectric devices enable heat-electricity conversion, but achieving a large Nernst effect typically requires strong magnetic fields. Here, the authors demonstrate that YbMnBi₂, with its unique band topology and magnetic order, exhibits a remarkably high anomalous Nernst thermopower among magnetic materials, offering a promising route for efficient transverse thermoelectric applications.

A combination of photoemission and scanning tunnelling spectroscopy measurements provide compelling evidence that single layers of 1T'-WTe₂ are a class of quantum spin Hall insulator.

Analysis of human Robertsonian chromosomes originating from 13, 14 and 21 reveal that they result from breaks at the SST1 macrosatellite DNA array and recombination between homologous sequences surrounding SST1.

We show that an insulating bulk state and helical edge state coexist in Bi₄Br₄ and that this coexistence persists up to room temperature.

When a topological insulator is coupled with a superconductor, supercurrents arise that—if fully understood—may allow the detection of long-sought Majorana fermions. Here the nature of these supercurrents is further elucidated as they are characterized as non-symmetric and carried by surface states.

When interfaced with a current-carrying heavy metal, spin orbit effects can generate a torque on the magnetization of a ferromagnet, understood as a bulk effect. Here, the authors show evidence of an interfacial contribution to such spin orbit torque in O-doped W/CoFeB thin film systems.

Natural products contain a range of chemical structures optimized for biological interactions. Fragmenting these compounds could help to combine this diversity with the broad coverage of chemical space offered by fragment-based drug discovery, and help to improve the efficiency with which screening hits can become successful drugs.

Using well-calibrated statistical methods the authors jointly analyze Undiagnosed Diseases Network genomes, identifying known and novel disease genes. Software is publicly available to support future cross-cohort rare disease discovery efforts.

The flagship paper of the ICGC/TCGA Pan-Cancer Analysis of Whole Genomes Consortium describes the generation of the integrative analyses of 2,658 cancer whole genomes and their matching normal tissues across 38 tumour types, the structures for international data sharing and standardized analyses, and the main scientific findings from across the consortium studies.

The authors address spin–orbit torques and magnetization switching in MnPd₃/CoFeB hetrostructures.

Chronic care manages long-term, progressive conditions, while acute care handles short-term ones. Here, authors show chronic conditions account for most of the global health burden, with 68% of DALYs and 93% of YLDs attributed to chronic care needs.

Analysis of soundscape data from 139 globally distributed sites reveals that sounds of biological origin exhibit predictable rhythms depending on location and season, whereas sounds of anthropogenic origin are less predictable. Comparisons between paired urban–rural sites show that urban green spaces are noisier and dominated by sounds of technological origin.

Spin-polarized carriers could show an extra Hall component when moving through certain real-space topological spin textures. Here, He et al. report an exchange bias experienced by the topological spin textures living at the interface between a topological insulator and an adjacent antiferromagnet, suggesting a chiral spin texture is induced.

MultiSTAAR provides a general and flexible statistical framework for functionally informed multi-trait rare variant analysis of biobank-scale sequencing studies by jointly analyzing multiple traits and incorporating annotation information.

It remains difficult to distinguish single-Q and multi-Q magnetic states experimentally. Here, Gastiasoro et al. show that the magnetic configuration of an itinerant system can be mapped out to the local density of states near a magnetic impurity, distinguishing unambiguously between single-Q and multi-Qphases.

At sufficiently strong magnetic fields and low temperatures, electrons assume a quasi-one-dimensional quantum state that is challenging to observe. Here, Bhattacharya et al. report on electron transport in lightly-doped single crystals of SrTiO₃deep in this extreme quantum limit.

Charge noise degrades the performance of spin qubits hindering scalability. Here the authors engineer the heterogeneous material stack in ²⁸Si/SiGe gate-defined quantum dots, to improve the scattering properties and to reduce charge noise.

Analyses of genome and exome sequencing data identify rare coding and structural variants associated with atrial fibrillation and highlight genetic links between atrial fibrillation and cardiomyopathies.

An analysis of 24,202 critical cases of COVID-19 identifies potentially druggable targets in inflammatory signalling (JAK1), monocyte–macrophage activation and endothelial permeability (PDE4A), immunometabolism (SLC2A5 and AK5), and host factors required for viral entry and replication (TMPRSS2 and RAB2A).

Using data from a single time point, passenger-approximated clonal expansion rate (PACER) estimates the fitness of common driver mutations that lead to clonal haematopoiesis and identifies TCL1A activation as a mediator of clonal expansion.

Quantum computers may help to solve classically intractable problems, such as simulating non-equilibrium dissipative quantum systems. The critical dynamics of a dissipative quantum model has now been probed on a trapped-ion quantum computer.

Single-atomic impurities may induce novel quantum state, but they are unexplored in topological magnets. Here, the authors report spin-down polarized bound states which further interact with neighboring states to form spin-orbit split quantized orbitals in a topological magnet Co₃Sn₂S₂.

Group III/nitride semiconductors have been grown epitaxially on the superconductor niobium nitride, allowing the superconductor’s macroscopic quantum effects to be combined with the semiconductors’ electronic, photonic and piezoelectric properties.

An initial draft of the human pangenome is presented and made publicly available by the Human Pangenome Reference Consortium; the draft contains 94 de novo haplotype assemblies from 47 ancestrally diverse individuals.

CREBBP mutations in B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) are linked to poor prognosis and chemoresistance. Here, the authors show that genetic or pharmacological inactivation of CREBBP sensitizes B-ALL cells to the BCL2 inhibitor Venetoclax, inducing ferroptotic cell death and extending survival in B-ALL preclinical mouse models.

A global network of researchers was formed to investigate the role of human genetics in SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 severity; this paper reports 13 genome-wide significant loci and potentially actionable mechanisms in response to infection.

Spin qubits in Si/SiGe quantum dots suffer from variability in the valley splitting which will hinder device scalability. Here, by using 3D atomic characterization, the authors explain this variability by random Si and Ge atomic fluctuations and propose a strategy to statistically enhance the valley splitting

Heterostructures formed by the magnetic topological insulator Cr-doped (Bi,Sb)₂Te and the antiferromagnet CrSb are shown to exhibit emergent interfacial magnetic phenomena that can be tuned with the heterostructure geometry.

The goals, resources and design of the NHLBI Trans-Omics for Precision Medicine (TOPMed) programme are described, and analyses of rare variants detected in the first 53,831 samples provide insights into mutational processes and recent human evolutionary history.

Genome-wide analyses identify 30 independent loci associated with obsessive–compulsive disorder, highlighting genetic overlap with other psychiatric disorders and implicating putative effector genes and cell types contributing to its etiology.

This overview of the ENCODE project outlines the data accumulated so far, revealing that 80% of the human genome now has at least one biochemical function assigned to it; the newly identified functional elements should aid the interpretation of results of genome-wide association studies, as many correspond to sites of association with human disease.

STAARpipeline is a comprehensive framework for flexible and scalable rare-variant association analysis using whole-genome sequencing data and annotation information.

A monolayer of tungsten oxyselenide, created by oxidizing a layer of tungsten diselenide, can be used to efficiently dope graphene, leading to a room-temperature mobility of 2,000 cm² V^–1 s^–1 at a hole density of 3 × 10¹³ cm^–2.

Integrative analyses of transcriptome and whole-genome sequencing data for 1,188 tumours across 27 types of cancer are used to provide a comprehensive catalogue of RNA-level alterations in cancer.