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The authors provide a comprehensive characterization of how glutamine uptake and utilization regulate macrophage function in atherosclerosis.

Prenatal stress triggers molecular dysregulations in fetal neuroimmune circuits, leading to altered mast cell and sensory neuron function, which predisposes offspring to develop eczema in response to otherwise harmless mechanical friction after birth.

Analysis of snRNA genes in individuals with rare disorders identifies de novo and recurrent variants in RNU5B-1 and RNU5A-1, in addition to previously unreported cases with pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants in RNU4-2.

Sepsis induces a period of immunosuppression which can be problematic in the face of subsequent infectious challenge. Here the authors show the presence of PD-L1 expressing regulatory plasma cells that can inhibit T cells in a murine model and in patients with sepsis.

Human TNF is required for respiratory-burst-dependent immunity to Mycobacterium tuberculosis in macrophages but seems to be largely redundant physiologically.

Inborn errors of the alternative NF-κB pathway in humans impair the development of AIRE-expressing medullary thymic epithelial cells, thereby underlying the production of autoantibodies against type I IFNs and predisposition to viral diseases

Innate lymphoid cells (ILC) are an important modulator of immunity in many tissues, including lymphoid tissues, but their spatial information is still scarce. Here, the authors use multiplexed and multispectral imaging methods to provide a spatial map of ILCs in human thymus, spleen, lymph nodes, intestinal lymphoid tissue, and lymphoma, and observe ILC/T helper cells colocalization.

Population differences in immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 can be explained by environmental exposures, but also by local adaptation acting through genetic variants acquired after admixture with archaic hominin forms.

Cartron et al. report the results of a phase 2 trial of the CD20–CD3 T cell-engaging bispecific antibody glofitamab in refractory or relapsed diffuse large B cell lymphoma after failing chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy.

Individually addressable ‘T centre’ photon-spin qubits are integrated in silicon photonic structures and their spin-dependent telecommunications-band optical transitions characterized, creating opportunities to construct silicon-integrated, telecommunications-band quantum information networks.

A region on chromosome 19p13 is associated with the risk of developing ovarian and breast cancer. Here, the authors genotyped SNPs in this region in thousands of breast and ovarian cancer patients and identified SNPs associated with three genes, which were analysed with functional studies.

A spinal cord neuroprosthesis targeting leg motor neurons in real time improves walking and reduces freezing of gait in non-human primate models and in one individual with advanced Parkinson’s disease.

“In subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), therapies are limited and clinical outcomes remain disappointing. The authors show a contribution of the urotensin II system in microvascular changes, vasospasm, neuroinflammation and cognitive deficits post-SAH, primarily through meningeal cells and border-associated macrophages

Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome (RSTS) is a neurodevelopmental disorder with unclear underlying mechanisms. Here, the authors unravel the contribution of a stress-responsive pathway to RSTS where impaired HSF2 acetylation, due to RSTS-associated CBP/EP300 mutations, alters the expression of neurodevelopmental players, in keeping with hallmarks of cell-cell adhesion defects.

A combination of rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (R-CHOP) is a commonly used regimen for patients with Richter transformation (RT), an aggressive lymphoma with a poor prognosis. Here the authors report the results of a phase 2 clinical trial of blinatumomab (an anti-CD3/anti-CD19 bispecific T-cell-engager) after R-CHOP bridging therapy for patients with RT.

The human gut virome includes understudied viruses that infect archaea. Here, Baquero et al. characterize a temperate archaeal virus that infects the dominant methanogenic archaeon of the human gut, shedding light on archaeal virus-host interactions and highlighting similarities with gut bacteriophages in establishing stable coexistence with their hosts.

PRMT2 is a key regulator of inflammation in acute myeloid leukemia. PRMT2-deficient cells exhibit a pro-inflammatory profile associated with STAT3 activation.

At a time when protecting the environment is urgent, dealing with inherent uncertainties in the responses of biodiversity to disturbances is essential. This study promotes a promising tool to assess the vulnerability of species assemblages to guide protection efforts even if species response and disturbance regimes are poorly documented.

Despite advances in cardioprotection, new therapeutic strategies precluding ischemia-reperfusion injury of patients are still needed. Here, the authors show that preventing serine 663 phosphorylation of SERCA2, significantly increases its activity and protects against cell death, by counteracting cytosolic and mitochondrial Ca²⁺ overload.

Intratracheal boosting with a bivalent Ad26-based SARS-CoV-2 vaccine results in substantial induction of mucosal humoral and cellular immunity and near-complete protection against SARS-CoV-2 BQ.1.1 in rhesus macaques.

Combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinomas (cHCC-CCA) are challenging to diagnose, as they exhibit features of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICCA). Here, the authors use deep learning to re-classify cHCC-CCA tumours into HCC or ICCA based on histopathology images.

In vertebrate multiciliated cells, most centrioles are synthesized and released by poorly characterized structures called deuterosomes. Here, the authors report that the previously-uncharacterized Cdc20b in mouse and Xenopus associates with deuterosomes and contributes to centriole release.

In the ALYCANTE trial, second-line treatment with axicabtagene ciloleucel, a CD19-targeting CAR T-cell therapy, resulted in high response rates and durable remissions in patients with high-risk large B-cell lymphoma deemed ineligible for autologous stem cell transplantation.

Discovering disease genes on the X chromosome can be particularly challenging. Here, the authors use features of known disease genes and machine learning to predict genes that remain to be associated with disorders on this chromosome.

The infectious viral load of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.1 is lower than that of Delta in symptomatic breakthrough infections of recipients of two doses of a COVID-19 vaccine, suggesting that the higher transmission of Omicron BA.1 is not linked to higher infectious viral load.

Nlrp3 inflammasome activation requires Nek7 recruitment to drive ASC speck formation. Here the authors show how Nlrp3 phosphorylation events control this Nek7 recruitment.

Deoxycytidine kinase is the rate-limiting enzyme of the salvage pathway and it has recently emerged as a target for antiproliferative therapies for cancers where it is essential. Here, the authors develop a potent inhibitor applying an iterative multidisciplinary approach, which relies on computational design coupled with experimental evaluations.

Cyclins A2 and E1 are known to regulate the cell cycle by promoting S phase entry and progression. Here, they identify an aggressive hepatocellular carcinoma subgroup exhibiting cyclin activation through various mechanisms and find this subgroup to display replication stress-induced structural rearrangements frequently activating TERT promoter.

Small endothermic animals often drop their body temperature—a process known as heterothermy—to conserve energy. This study demonstrates heterothermy in king penguin chicks (Aptenodytes patagonicus), a finding unexpected for such large birds, but which may account for the chicks’ fasting capacity of five months.

Protein networks have been widely explored but most binding affinities remain unknown, limiting the quantitative interpretation of interactomes. Here the authors measure affinities of 65,000 interactions involving human PDZ domains and target sequence motifs relevant for viral infection and cancer.

Kinesins regulate intracellular transport and microtubule dynamics. Here, the authors show that KIF21B variants in humans associate with corpus callosum agenesis and microcephaly. Using mice and zebrafish, they showed the cellular mechanisms altered by the missense KIF21B variants.

Group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) modulate inflammatory and allergic responses, but their function in cancer immunity is still unclear. Here the authors show that, in acute promyelocytic leukaemia, tumour-activated ILC2s secrete IL-13 to induce myeloid-derived suppressor cells and support tumour growth.

Authors propose their splenic mimetic filtration method, microsphiltration, and utilise this approach in a drug-screen, to identify compounds that induce a stiffening effect on Plasmodium falciparum-infected erythrocytes. They proceed to assess safety and tolerability of one identified compound in a phase I clinical trial.

Blockade of the C5a–C5aR1 axis using anti-C5aR1 monoclonal antibodies prevented inflammation associated with COVID-19.

Gaudenzio and colleagues show that house dust mite extracts directly activate TRPV1⁺ sensory neurons, which promote allergic skin inflammation by inducing the degranulation of mast cells through the release of the neuropeptide substance P and activation of MRGPRB2.