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A network meta-analysis of 152 randomized controlled trials finds that personalized and group-customized digital interventions, especially SMS and app-based tools, improve smoking cessation versus standard care, with greater benefits among middle-aged adults in short- to medium-term programmes.

The authors develop a miniaturized Mg3Bi2-based thermoelectric cooler, achieving a high cooling power density of 5.7 W cm-2 and a cooling speed of 65 K s-1, demonstrating great promise for localized thermal management in electronics.

The authors systematically investigate the polarization switching kinetics of sliding ferroelectric WTe₂, demonstrating their ultrafast response (0.6 ns).

Shen et al. established a strategy to screen for mutants showing altered mitochondrial transmission in Cucumis and cloned a nuclear endonuclease gene (MTI1) that controls paternal versus biparental mitochondrial inheritance.

Interlayer coupling between two-dimensional materials is known to result in interesting physical properties. Here, the authors study the effect of a twist angle between two-dimensional molybdenum disulphide on interlayer coupling, observing an indirect bandgap, the size of which depends on the twist angle.

Transplanted older livers are prone to injury through unclear mechanisms, precluding effective treatment development. Here, the authors show that decreased FTO expression in older livers inhibits Acsl4 and Tfrc mRNA stability in an m6A-dependent manner, increasing cell death in older donor livers.

Rising global military spending significantly increases CO₂ emission intensity, potentially jeopardizing the 1.5 °C and 2 °C climate targets if military expenditure ratio exceeds critical thresholds.

The mechanisms by which tillandsioids adapt to elevated aerial habitats remain largely unexplored. Here, the authors report their evolution and link life history, diversification, comparative genomic, and functional changes to processes underlying the unique biology of air plants.

Silicon is an abundant element on earth and is perfectly compatible with the well-established CMOS processing industry. Here, Sun et al. demonstrate multifunctional neuromorphic devices based on silicon nanosheet stacks, bringing silicon back as a potential material for neuromorphic devices.

Undefined vacuole-like ultrastructures between epididymal cells have been observed. Here, the authors reveal that these structures contain organelle residues and protein aggregates that suggest a reservoir for protein recycling.

Charge density wave (CDW) order is not commonly present in iron-based superconductors. Here, using scanning tunnelling microscopy in combination with surface doping, the authors observe a CDW order in heavily-hole-doped iron arsenide superconductors.

This study reveals gut microbial and metabolomic features associated with the severity of frailty, demonstrating that these microbial features outperform traditional assessment tools in identifying individuals at high risk of frailty and mortality.

Genome editing of three SWEET gene promoters endows rice with resistance to all Xanthomonas bacterial blight strains tested.

Rechargeable lithium-ion batteries produced in the form of metre-long fibres can be woven into sturdy, washable textiles on an industrial loom and used to power other fabric-based electronic components.

The long lifetime and spin properties of dark excitons in atomically thin transition metal dichalcogenides offer opportunities to explore light-matter interactions beyond electric dipole transitions. Here, the authors demonstrate that the coupling of the dark exciton and an optically silent chiral phonon enables the intrinsic photoluminescence of the dark-exciton replica in monolayer WSe₂

Mitochondrial quality control prevents accumulation of intramitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS), thus protecting cells against DNA damage. Here, Gao et al. show that an atypical heat shock factor responds to intramitochondrial stresses and regulates mtROS homeostasis in the pathogenic fungus Cryptococcus neoformans.

Moiré superlattice exciton states are observed in WSe₂/WS₂ heterostructures with closely aligned layers.

Stacked 2D materials can host excitons with distinct valley selection rules due to the spatial variation of the moiré pattern. The authors demonstrate this via optical spectroscopy, opening a route for control of optoelectronic devices.

Incompletely synthesized nascent polypeptides resulting from ribosome stalling during translation are under surveillance by ribosome-associated quality control. Here, the authors report the molecular mechanism by which the E3 ligase Pirh2 targets the polyalanine tail of aberrant nascent chains for degradation via the C-degron pathway.

Electrons in graphene have a pseudospin, but controlling this degree of freedom is challenging. Evidence now suggests that the moiré superlattices arising in two-dimensional heterostructures can be used to electrically manipulate pseudospins.

Investigation of the electronic structure in few-layer phosphorene reveals optical transitions relevant for technologically important electronic and optoelectronic applications.

The skin microbiome in patients prone to atopic dermatitis is enriched in Streptococcus and Gemella, and is associated with an adaptive immune response, an altered eukaryotic community and a functional shift in the microbiome-wide gene repertoire.

Despite its wide use in ageing research, the contribution of specific age-associated pathologies toC. elegansmortality is not well understood. Here the authors identify two types of death in worms, with either a swollen or a shrunken pharynx, that are differentially affected by age and mutations that extend worm lifespan.

Using long reads to probe RNA structure reveals differences between transcript isoforms.

Optical anisotropy and electronic compressibility measurements are used to uncover stripe phases, where the rotational symmetry of charge density is spontaneously broken, in a two-dimensional semiconductor moiré superlattice.

Phthalate acid ester hydrolases are of promise for the microbial degradation of phthalate acid ester plasticizers, however, only a small number of PAE hydrolases have been characterized. Here, the authors report the structural and functional characterization of MehpH, a monoalkyl phthalate (MBP) hydrolase that degrades MBP to phthalic acid and butanol.

A versatile cytosine base editor system is developed to achieve highly efficient C to T conversion in the genome of a series of phytopathogenic bacteria, including Xanthomonas, Pseudomonas, Erwinia, and Agrobacterium.