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Tuning the electronic properties of nanocatalysts by doping them with uniformly dispersed hetero-metal atoms is an effective way to improve catalytic performance. Here, the authors show that weakening the Cu–O bond energy in CuO nanocatalysts boosts the efficiency of NH₃ oxidation.

Velocimetry diagnostics such as photon Doppler velocimetry (PDV) are essential to the field of shock and high energy density physics. Here, the authors demonstrate a system that dramatically extends the velocity dynamic range of PDV into the regime of fusion experiments by harnessing a time lens.

Meta-analyses in up to 1.3 million individuals identify 87 rare-variant associations with blood pressure traits. On average, rare variants exhibit effects ~8 times larger than the mean effects of common variants and implicate candidate causal genes at associated regions.

People living in rural areas of the United States have poorer outcomes from acute COVID-19. Here, the authors show that higher mortality rates among rural dwellers persist for up to two years after the initial infection, even after accounting for baseline risk factors.

Federated learning (FL) algorithms have emerged as a promising solution to train models for healthcare imaging across institutions while preserving privacy. Here, the authors describe the Federated Tumor Segmentation (FeTS) challenge for the decentralised benchmarking of FL algorithms and evaluation of Healthcare AI algorithm generalizability in real-world cancer imaging datasets.

The mixing of metals to form alloys with enhanced properties has been known at least since the Bronze Age, although being able to predict their properties remains difficult. An analytical model using computational input is now able to quantitatively predict the mechanical properties of metal yield stress in solute-strengthened alloys.

Behavioural and psychosocial interventions can effectively reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease. In this Perspective, Burg et al. identify the elements and actions needed for a broad implementation of these interventions in standard cardiovascular care.

The ferroelectric material α-GeTe(111) is an excellent playground for spin-to charge conversion due to its strong Rashba coupling. Here, the authors reveal an ultrafast modulation of its Rashba coupling on the femtosecond timescale.

By intercalating FeOF between layers of graphene oxide, the researchers demonstrate near-complete removal of neonicotinoid pollutants over two weeks by leveraging spatial confinement to stabilize the catalysts during oxidation reactions.

Although the number of participants is important for phenotypic prediction accuracy in brain-wide association studies using functional MRI, scanning for at least 30 min offers the greatest cost effectiveness.

Paramagnetic heterometallic rings have long been considered as possible qubits within a quantum information processing system. Here, the authors employ supramolecular chemistry to fabricate multiple rings around multi-armed threads, as an important step towards generating useful qubit arrays.

Theory and simulations predict scale-invariant concentration fluctuations during diffusion in liquids, but on Earth, large-scale fluctuations are damped by gravity. Microgravity experiments by Vailatiet al. reveal the scale-invariant nature of diffusion, associated with fractal fronts and long-ranged correlations.

Creative experiences such as dance, music, drawing, and strategy video games might preserve brain health. The authors show that regular practice or short training in these activities is linked to brains that look younger and work more efficiently.

Assays for catalytic systems—particularly ones with simple colorimetric readouts—are useful for the rapid evaluation of performance. Here, the authors report an assay based on a concurrent colour-forming reaction working across a wide range that can be stopped to allow measurements and subsequently restarted.

Until now, efforts to enhance the performance of nanolasers have focused on reducing the rate of non-radiative recombination. Here, Burgess et al.employ controlled impurity doping to increase the rate of radiative recombination.

Deterministic generation of photonic multi-partite entangled states has previously been achieved for specific states using ad-hoc devices. Here, the authors present a single superconducting circuit device to deterministically generate a variety of states, namely W, GHZ, and cluster states.

Water can be extracted from the atmosphere via adsorption-evaporation or dewing, but these methods require prohibitively high energy use. Here, the authors report a forty-five-fold increase in energy efficiency via ultrasonic extraction, making atmospheric water harvesting technology economically feasible for large-scale adoption.

This Consensus Statement presents the standards for technical reporting in environmental and host-associated microbiome studies (STREAMS) guidelines.

The authors develop a high-resolution model of coral larval dispersal for the southern Great Barrier Reef. They show that 2 °C of warming decreases larval dispersal distance and connectivity of reefs, hampering post-disturbance recovery and the potential spread of warm-adapted genes.

Petrels are wide-ranging, highly threatened seabirds that often ingest plastic. This study used tracking data for 7,137 petrels of 77 species to map global exposure risk and compare regions, species, and populations. The results show higher exposure risk for threatened species and stress the need for international cooperation to tackle marine litter.

A study of several longitudinal birth cohorts and cross-sectional cohorts finds only moderate overlap in genetic variants between autism that is diagnosed earlier and that diagnosed later, so they may represent aetiologically different conditions.

An analysis of coral reefs in the tropical western Atlantic suggests that nearly all will be eroding by 2100 if global warming exceeds 2 °C, which will worsen the effects of sea-level rise.

CRISPR-based diagnostics are often limited by complex workflows and poor validation. Here the authors develop and validate a one-pot asymmetric CRISPR assay, which permits rapid and sensitive diagnosis of tuberculosis in a format which is suitable for resource-limited settings.

Conditional ablation experiments show that key components of the synaptonemal complex protect double Holliday junction recombination intermediates to ensure their resolution into crossover products, which are required for accurate chromosome segregation during meiosis.

The reason why the surface adhesion of a graphene monolayer is much greater than that of graphene multilayers remains unclear. Here, the authors build a model to show interlayer sliding and fracture mode mixity cause the decrease in adhesion toughness of multilayer graphene.

The conversion of sunlight into electricity has been dominated by photovoltaic and solar thermal power generation. A highly efficient solar to electric energy conversion device based on nanostructured thermoelectric materials and high solar concentration is now demonstrated. The results show potential for cost effective solar thermoelectric generation.

tRNAs fold into defined structures and extensively interact with cellular proteins and ribosomes. Here, the authors develop a chemical mapping sequencing method to profile human tRNA structures and their interactions in cells. Their results reveal dynamic tRNA structurome and interactome in response to stress with consequences in translational regulation.

Two out of 15 dogs from households with confirmed human cases of COVID-19 were asymptomatically infected with SARS-CoV-2 and showed antibody responses to the virus.

Analysis of planktic foraminifera dynamics in the wake of the Cretaceous–Palaeogene mass extinction shows that increases in morphologic complexity preceded changes in species diversity and that the construction of new morphospace constrained diversification speed following the extinction event.

A consensus cell type atlas for the fly brain provides both an intellectual framework and open-source toolchains for brain-scale comparative connectomics.

In cancer many gene variants may contribute to disease etiology, but the impact of a given gene variant may have varied effect size. Here, the authors analyse summary statistics of genome-wide association studies from fourteen cancers, and show the utility of polygenic risk scores may vary depending on cancer type.

The traditional structural transformation narrative emphasizes intersectoral labour reallocation out of agriculture. This study presents ten stylized facts about how employment and compensation evolve within agrifood value chains amid structural transformation, offering insights into post-farmgate dynamics and gender pay inequality.

UTe₂ is a proposed intrinsic topological superconductor, but its quasiparticle surface band has not yet been visualized. Now this is achieved using quasiparticle interference imaging, revealing the symmetry of the superconducting order parameter.

Magnetization reversal in magnetic topological insulators drives quantum phase transitions between quantum anomalous Hall, axion insulator, and normal insulator states. Using novel analysis protocol, the authors investigate critical behaviours of these transitions and establish their electronic origin.

This protocol outlines an extracellular vesicle detection approach in which reagent-loaded liposomes fuse with extracellular vesicles directly in patient blood to sensitively detect RNA within the extracellular vesicles.

Ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3-related kinase (ATR) is a rational radiosensitization target. This trial evaluates the combination of the ATR inhibitor, ceralasertib, with palliative radiotherapy in 27 patients with advanced solid tumors.

Surfaces of semiconductors exhibiting large Rasha effect are of great interest for spintronics applications. Here, Butler et al. present the spectroscopic observation and microscopic mapping of termination-dependent band-bending at the surface of Rashba semiconductor BiTeI.

Controlling the alignment of bands at oxide interfaces is crucial for developing them into useful devices. By inserting charges into the interface to generate dipoles, Yajima et al. show tuning of the band alignment between SrRuO₃/Nb:SrTiO₃by 1.7 eV.

The Suzuki-Miyaura cross coupling is widely used in industrial and academic settings for the formation of carbon-carbon bonds. Here, the authors report a procedure whereby a molecule with multiple reactive carbon-boron bonds can undergo sequential, selective Suzuki-Miyaura reactions without the need for protecting groups.

Optical frequency combs in the mid-infrared are required for molecular gas detection applications but their realization in compact microresonator-based platforms is challenging. Here, Griffith et al. demonstrate on-chip broadband comb generation on a silicon microresonator spanning from 2.1 to 3.5 μm.

Lateral heterojunctions between two-dimensional semiconductor crystals are essential building blocks for electronic devices. Here, the authors utilize electron-beam lithography and selective conversion to simultaneously fabricate arrays of molybdenum diselenide–molybdenum disulfide heterojunctions.

Predicting declines in commercially harvested species is crucial to avoid overexploitation. An analysis of historical whaling records identifies early warning signals in body size and abundance data 40 years before the collapse of whale stocks.

Veselago lensing is the focussing of a diverging beam upon entering a medium with negative refractive index. Using a bichromatic optical lattice potential, Leder et al.create a relativistic dispersion relation for cold rubidium atoms that allows them to demonstrate Veselago lensing for matter waves.

Public opinion may inform legislation of renewable energy policies. This study shows that public opinion and strength of renewable energy policy are correlated across US states, but a majority of the public actually supports these policies if public health benefits and job creation are emphasized.