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Intracellular recording involves puncturing the cell membrane to gain access to the cell. In this work, the authors introduce a puncture-free intracellular recording approach that leverages a deep learning model to translate extracellular recordings into intracellular signals.

Specific binders to peptide–MHC class II are rapidly generated without laborious screening.

Controlled operation of individual molecular machines on a larger scale, 10-100 nm, remains challenging. Here, Kuzyk et al.demonstrate a light-driven plasmonic nanosystem that can amplify the molecular motion of azobenzene through a host nanostructure and translates it into reversible chiroptical response.

Analysis of whole-genome sequencing data across 2,658 tumors spanning 38 cancer types shows that chromothripsis is pervasive, with a frequency of more than 50% in several cancer types, contributing to oncogene amplification, gene inactivation and cancer genome evolution.

Body-centered cubic refractory metals are known to exhibit excellent high-temperature strength, but often suffer from brittle fracture. Here, the authors produce a bulk pure Mo with stable fine-grain structure after powder metallurgy, Y-type hot rolling and ultra-high temperature annealing (1000~1700 °C) that exhibits room temperature superplasticity.

Structural variants (SV) can accumulate in repeat-rich parts of the genome and transform them in unexpected ways. Here, with their new assembly-based genotyper (NAHRwhals), the authors verify multi-step SVs in 37 human loci and identify alleles at risk for copy-number variation.

Epichaperomes are chaperone assemblies that reorganize protein networks under stress. Here, authors reveal how HSP90 phosphorylation drives epichaperome formation, linking this process to cancer cell behaviors and pluripotent stem cell functions.

New reference genomes of the two extant monotreme lineages (platypus and echidna) reveal the ancestral and lineage-specific genomic changes that shape both monotreme and mammalian evolution.

CRISPR-based engineering can be used to bias sex ratios. Here the authors develop a transgenic line of Drosophila melanogaster expressing Cas9 from the Y chromosome and functionally characterize the utility of this strain for both sex selection and gene drive.

The family of two-dimensional materials is ever growing, but greater functionality can be realized by combining them together. Here, the authors report the direct synthesis of multijunction heterostructures made from graphene, tungsten diselenide and either molybdenum disulphide or molybdenum diselenide.

Ginhoux and colleagues perform multi-omic characterization of hepatocellular carcinoma and identify an onco-fetal niche that includes fibroblasts, macrophages and endothelial cells and influences immunotherapy response and relapse.

Modern technology such as electronics and photovoltaics requires careful control of optical responses of electronic properties. Here, Sando et al. demonstrate a large variation of optical index and light absorption in multiferroic material BiFeO₃thin films, tunable by in-film strain or electric field.

The cumulative global warming potential-weighted emissions of hydrochlorofluorocarbons and hydrofluorocarbons are significant, which will be 21.2 (±3.7) gigatons CO₂-equivalent in 2022–2060 under a business-as-usual scenario.

To solve the difficult problems with CVD of graphene on non-metallic substrates, researchers used dichloromethane as a C precursor with a multispecies coadsorption mechanism for more efficient graphene coating on fiber fabrics.

A system that undergoes a phase transition at absolute zero is said to exhibit a quantum critical point. Zhou et al. identify the signatures of not one but two quantum critical points in the finite-temperature characteristics of an iron-based superconductor.

Delivery of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) testing, treatment and adherence support integrated into sexual and reproductive health services for youth in Zimbabwe did not improve population-level HIV viral suppression over standard care, largely due to a substantial proportion of youth with undiagnosed HIV—highlighting implementation challenges to achieve UNAIDS 90-90-90 targets.

Psoriasis is a skin disease associated with neurogenic inflammation. Here, the authors activation of ASIC3 on sensory neurons that leads to the release of CGRP, which triggers inflammation through dendritic cells and drives psoriatic inflammation.

Our understanding of shock metamorphism and thus the collision of planetary bodies is limited by a dependence on ex situ analyses. Here, the authors perform in situ analysis on shocked-produced densified glass and show that estimates of impactor size based on traditional techniques are likely inflated.

IgG4-related disease is a fibro-inflammatory disorder, characterized by infiltration of IgG4 producing plasma cells in the target organs. Here authors show that the affected B cells express less ubiquitin-specific protease 25 (USP25), and this results in activation of multiple pathways involved in cytoskeleton reorganization, inflammation and energy metabolism, which might govern disease pathogenesis.

Heavy-atom molecules can possess complicated electronic structures due to pronounced electron correlation and relativistic effects. Here, the authors describe electronic states of RaF in detail by combining accurate spectroscopy and theory approaches.

PENSIEVE-AI is a drawing-based, digital cognitive test that can be self-administered in <5 min. It matches traditional tests in detecting cognitive impairment and dementia, offering promise for early detection in literacy-diverse populations.

Ultrafast diffraction is fundamental in capturing the structural dynamics of molecules. Here, the authors establish a variant of quantum state tomography for arbitrary degrees of freedom to characterize the molecular quantum states, which will enable the reconstruction of a quantum molecular movie from diffraction data.

Many countries are relying on land-based strategies to meet the climate targets set out in the Paris Agreement, putting pressure on land resources. Here the authors show a global reduction in cropland area under current climate pledges, with implications for trade and food security.

The study by Fu and colleagues presents a ferritin-adaptor platform for vaccine development, featuring a rabies virus vaccine candidate that enhances antigen stability and provides potent, durable protection after a single-dose administration.

Using the collective accumulation of single-scattered waves, scientists manage to image deep within a scattering medium, achieving an imaging depth 11.5 times the scattering mean free path and a near-diffraction-limit resolution of 1.5 µm.

An optical technique based on Doppler velocimetry reveals important aspects of the physics underlying the propagation of spin polarization in a two-dimensional electron gas. The spin mobility is shown to track the high electron mobility, but coherent spin precession is lost at temperatures near 150 K, posing a challenge for future spintronics devices.

Transient glaciation simulation during the last 3 Ma highlighted that extensive valley glaciations over High Mountain Asia began from 1.5 ~ 0.9 Ma, but the exact timing diverges across monsoonal- and westerly-influenced regions.

It is unclear how often genetic mosaicism of chromosome X arises. Here, the authors examine women with cancer and cancer-free controls and show that X chromosome mosaicism occurs more frequently than on autosomes, especially on the inactive X chromosome, but is not linked to non-haematologic cancer risk

A genome-wide association study of age at onset of walking in over 70,000 infants found 11 significant loci. Age at onset of walking showed SNP heritability of 24%, a reliable polygenic score and genetic overlap with ADHD and brain phenotypes.

Single-photon sources with a single-photon efficiency of 0.60, a single-photon purity of 0.975 and an indistinguishability of 0.975 are demonstrated. This is achieved by fabricating elliptical resonators around site-registered quantum dots.

Dnmt3a mutations in mouse haematopoietic stem and progenitor cells equivalent to R882 mutations in human cause increased mitochondrial respiration, suggesting that this is a mechanism of clonal haematopoiesis and a potential therapeutic target.

Unconventional superconductors often host two or more competing states at low temperatures. Line defects seemingly have a role in the relative stability of coexisting density waves that oscillate in space.

Mechanical relaxation processes in glasses can provide information on the structural and mechanical properties of glasses. Here, the authors observe a fast secondary relaxation process in La-based metallic glasses, providing information on the inelasticity of metallic glasses.

Electron scattering measurements are shown to reproduce only qualitatively state-of-the-art lepton–nucleus energy reconstruction models, indicating that improvements to these particle-interaction models are required to ensure the accuracy of future high-precision neutrino oscillation experiments.

Disruption of mucin-domain glycoprotein expression and function in the endothelial glycocalyx are associated with ageing and Alzheimer’s disease, leading to dysregulated blood–brain barrier function.

Maximizing metal-substrate interactions through self-reconstruction is a key strategy for efficient oxygen evolution catalysts. Here, the authors report high-density iridium atoms embedded in ultrathin oxyhydroxide nanosheets, showing high performance in the oxygen evolution reaction.

A new computational method for design of pseudosymmetric self-assembling protein nanomaterials has resulted in purification of cage-like protein assemblies containing 960 subunits with a diameter of 96 nm.

A power conversion efficiency of 33.89% is achieved in perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells by using a bilayer passivation strategy to enhance electron extraction and suppress recombination.

This study examines the history of North Atlantic deep-water masses, as recorded in marine sediments. Major lithological changes and increased rate of deposition reveal that stronger deep-ocean circulation initiated 3.6 million years ago.

Chemical functionalization of graphene is a useful method for modulating its properties, although this is limited by a lack of control and resulting in poorly defined structures. Here the authors report the atomically precise chlorination of nanographenes and apply the methods to graphene nanoribbons.

Beck et al. conducted single-cell and spatial profiling of embryonal tumors with multilayered rosettes, finding that malignant cellular hierarchies are driven by developmental programs and specific members of the chromosome 19 microRNA cluster.

Abeysundara, Rasnitsyn, Fong et al. report that the presence of leptomeningeal metastatic tumour cells leads to the recruitment and remodelling of fibroblasts, which, in turn, facilitate the colonization and outgrowth of medulloblastoma cells in the leptomeninges.

Large-scale multivariate analyses across populations of European ancestry identify risk loci for the metabolic syndrome, improving polygenic prediction models and highlighting associations with diverse traits beyond cardiometabolic diseases.

Whole-genome sequencing, transcriptome-wide association and fine-mapping analyses in over 7,000 individuals with critical COVID-19 are used to identify 16 independent variants that are associated with severe illness in COVID-19.

Efficient photocatalytic conversion of CO₂ into syngas is a promising but challenging technology. Here, the authors report a phase transformation method to produce Co sites with tunable electron localization on multi-dimensional architecture framework that can improve the syngas evolution kinetics.

Liver fibrosis is a disease that lacks effective treatments. This study reveals that ATF4 drives fibrosis by activating hepatic stellate cells and that pharmacological inhibition of ATF4 reduces liver fibrosis, offering an opportunity for new therapies.

Here, the authors find a decrease in hepatic phagocytic uptake of nanoparticles in old mice due to age-associated downregulation of the scavenger receptor MARCO, which led to improved tumour delivery and antitumour efficacy of cancer nanomedicine, showing the need to consider age as a factor in therapeutics.