Despite the introduction of novel therapies, lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Randomized controlled trials of low-dose CT-based lung cancer screening in high-risk populations have shown a reduction in mortality. The authors of this Review discuss these studies and present the Screening Planning and Implementation RAtionale for Lung cancer (SPIRAL), a framework to define the scope of future implementation research on lung cancer screening.
- Matthijs Oudkerk
- ShiYuan Liu
- John K. Field
