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Antimicrobial resistance has evolved over decades due to widespread antimicrobial use, with resistance genes now circulating across humans, animals and the environment, creating complex cross-sector connectivity challenges. This Perspective advocates for genomics-based studies of AMR connectivity to enable coordinated global action and investment under the One Health framework.

Chronic care manages long-term, progressive conditions, while acute care handles short-term ones. Here, authors show chronic conditions account for most of the global health burden, with 68% of DALYs and 93% of YLDs attributed to chronic care needs.

Climate mitigation through natural climate solutions in crop-lands may be a way to reconcile climate goals with food security. However, here the authors show that some natural climate solution practices tend to lower yields and that maintaining yields lowers the potential GHG mitigation.

An analysis of 24,202 critical cases of COVID-19 identifies potentially druggable targets in inflammatory signalling (JAK1), monocyte–macrophage activation and endothelial permeability (PDE4A), immunometabolism (SLC2A5 and AK5), and host factors required for viral entry and replication (TMPRSS2 and RAB2A).

The heart relies on fatty acid oxidation as its main energy source. Here they show that impaired fatty acid metabolism disrupts mitophagy in the heart and that enhancing mitophagy via USP30 inhibition can restore heart function in models of fatty acid oxidation deficiency.

Cancer incidence is rare in long-lived bats. Here the authors find that although bat fibroblasts express telomerase and require only two oncogenic hits for malignant transformation, bats may rely on elevated p53 signaling and enhanced immunosurveillance to prevent cancer.

Erbium-doped lead magnesium niobium titanate ceramics demonstrate ultrahigh strain and piezoelectric coefficients under low electric fields, setting a benchmark for piezoelectric materials and offering versatile applications in precision actuators and sensors.

Analysis of dendrite initiation, owing to filling of pores with lithium by means of microcracks, and propagation, caused by wedge opening, shows that there are two separate processes during dendrite failure of lithium metal solid-state batteries.

Whole-genome sequencing, transcriptome-wide association and fine-mapping analyses in over 7,000 individuals with critical COVID-19 are used to identify 16 independent variants that are associated with severe illness in COVID-19.

A global network of researchers was formed to investigate the role of human genetics in SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 severity; this paper reports 13 genome-wide significant loci and potentially actionable mechanisms in response to infection.

Wu et al. utilize multiparametric analysis of early-stage human NSCLC to characterize a population of Vδ1 T cells displaying a resident memory and effector memory phenotype, which were associated with ongoing remission.

Lithium dendrite propagation through ceramic electrolytes can prevent the realization of high-energy-density all-solid-state lithium-anode batteries. The propagation of cracks and lithium dendrites through a solid electrolyte has now been tracked as a function of charge.

Epigenetic therapies are known to synergize with immunotherapies through the de-repression of endogenous retroviral element (ERV)-encoded promoters. Here the authors identify treatment-induced neoantigens and validate their ability to induce T cell response and anti-tumor effects in vitro and in patient samples.

A versatile hydrothermal approach in an operando acidic environment created ferromagnetic single-atom spin catalysts (SASCs). Ni-based SASC exhibits a giant magnetic field enhancement of OER activity, boosting both water and saline water electrolysis.

Genome-wide association analyses of DNA methylation in peripheral blood from 3,799 Europeans and 3,195 South Asians identify unique SNP–CpG associations (meQTL), providing insights into molecular mechanisms and the potential links to phenotypic variation.

Here, using lung epithelial cells and ex vivo tissue explants, the authors show that, in addition to ACE2, host heparan sulfate is directly involved in SARS-CoV-2 attachment and entry and provide data suggesting that host sialic acids may act as viral restriction factor in lung tissues.

The c.2299delG mutation in usherin causes loss of hearing and vision. Here, the authors show in a mouse model of this disease that the expression of mutant usherin leads to retinitis pigmentosa and structural defects in the photoreceptor cilium associated with mislocalization of VLGR1 and WHRN.

Shape transformation without the need for external devices or wires is desirable for soft robotics, but challenging to achieve. Here, the authors report the development of actuators capable of shape changes by polymerization and depolymerization of DNA activator sequences.

A cell-based phenotypic screen identifying inhibitors of Notch signaling led to the discovery of NVS-ZP7-4, which blocks the activity of the zinc transporter SLC39a7 (ZIP7) and induces cell death through an ER stress mechanism.

The risk of heat-mortality is increasing sharply. The authors report that heat-mortality levels of a 1-in-100-year summer in the climate of 2000 can be expected once every ten to twenty years in the current climate and at least once in five years with 2 °C of global warming.

ENCODE is a resource comprising thousands of functional genomic datasets. Here, the authors present custom annotation within ENCODE for cancer, highlighting a workflow that can help prioritise key elements in oncogenesis.

Possible effects of weather conditions on COVID-19 transmission are debated. Here, the authors analyse data from early in the pandemic and show that although temperature and humidity had small effects on transmission, they were far out-weighed by the effects of non-pharmaceutical interventions.

Coronaviruses exploit the host caspase-6 to cleave coronavirus nucleocapsid protein into fragments with interferon-antagonizing activity to facilitate virus replication.

Global sampling of microbial communities associated with wastewater treatment plants and application of ecological theory revealed a small, core bacterial community associated with performance and provides insights into the community dynamics in this environment.

Durability of catalysts under fuel cell reaction conditions is challenging for active nanoalloy electrocatalysts derived from platinum group metals and other transition metals. Here, the authors show that realloying in certain multimetallic nanoalloys plays a major role in enabling the high durability.

The hormone aldosterone can damage the heart after myocardial infarction, such that drugs that inhibit its action are often prescribed. B. Julie He et al. now uncover a new pathway underlying the detrimental effects of aldosterone action: oxidation of the enzyme Ca²⁺/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II leads to its activation and increased expression of the metalloprotease MMP9 in cardiac muscle cells, thereby promoting cardiac rupture.

Chest CT is emerging as a valuable diagnostic tool for clinical management of COVID-19 associated lung disease. Here, the authors present a multinational study on the application of deep learning algorithms for COVID-19 diagnosis against multiple lung conditions as controls.

In an inter-laboratory study, the authors compare the accuracy and performance of three optical density calibration protocols (colloidal silica, serial dilution of silica microspheres, and colony-forming unit (CFU) assay). They demonstrate that serial dilution of silica microspheres is the best of these tested protocols, allowing precise and robust calibration that is easily assessed for quality control and can also evaluate the effective linear range of an instrument.

In the phase 3 MAESTRO-NAFLD-1 trial, the liver-targeted thyroid hormone receptor-β selective agonist resmetirom was well tolerated and improved liver biomarkers in adults with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

The internal amplification of Low-Gain Avalanche Diode sensors can enhance the signal-to-noise ratio, improving the detection of low-energy X-rays. In this work, the authors demonstrate a single photon counting hybrid pixel detector detecting X-ray energies down to 550 eV, and test it in ptychographic imaging at the Fe L₃-edge.

The cellular heterogeneity in brain obscures the identification of robust cellular regulatory networks. Here the authors integrate genome-wide chromosome conformation data from sorted neurons and glia, with transcriptomic and enhancer profiles, to characterize cell-type-specific gene regulatory landscapes in the human brain, and provide insights into cell-type-specific gene regulatory networks in brain disorders.

Results for the final phase of the 1000 Genomes Project are presented including whole-genome sequencing, targeted exome sequencing, and genotyping on high-density SNP arrays for 2,504 individuals across 26 populations, providing a global reference data set to support biomedical genetics.

Results from three studies that examined 1918 U.S. adults show that financial exploitation risk is heightened by a complex interplay of sociodemographic, health, cognitive, and psychosocial vulnerabilities.

The kinase Mst1, which acts in the Hippo pathway, controls cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. Junichi Sadoshima and his colleagues show that Mst1 in cardiomyocytes phosphorylates the protein Beclin1 to coordinately suppress autophagy and promote apoptosis, thereby having deleterious effects on the heart.

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a rapidly progressing neurodegenerative disease. Here, Wray and colleagues identify association of the GPX3-TNIP1 locus with ALS using cross-ethnic meta-analyses.

Methylation at the 6 position of adenosine (m⁶A) in RNA is rapidly and transiently induced at DNA damage sites in response to ultraviolet irradiation.

The new European X-Ray Free-Electron Laser (EuXFEL) is the first XFEL that generates X-ray pulses with a megahertz inter-pulse spacing. Here the authors demonstrate that high-quality and damage-free protein structures can be obtained with the currently available 1.1 MHz repetition rate pulses using lysozyme as a test case and furthermore present a β-lactamase structure.

Rechargeable Li metal batteries are currently limited by electrolyte decomposition and rapid Li consumption. Li plating and stripping greatly depend on the solid electrolyte interphase formed at the Li metal–liquid electrolyte interface. This Review discusses the reactions occurring at this interface from a corrosion science perspective, highlighting the requirements for an ideal passivation layer.

The Haplobank contains over 100,000 individually reversibly mutagenized, barcoded, mouse embryonic cell lines; proof-of-principle experiments were used to search for genes that are required for rhinovirus infection and angiogenesis using forward and reverse genetic screens, respectively.

Ammar Al-Chalabi, Jan Veldink and colleagues perform a genome-wide association study for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) in 15,156 cases and 26,242 controls. They identify three new genome-wide-significant variants and establish ALS as a complex trait with a polygenic architecture, but with a distinct and important role for low-frequency variants.

Structural analysis and molecular dynamics of the RAF1-HSP90-CDC37 and HSP90 complexes reveal asymmetric binding of RAF1 to HSP90, a bridging role for CDC37, HSP90’s structural rearrangements, and interactions of HSP90 with unfolded regions of RAF1.