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Trading scheme could finally lower sulphur dioxide levels.

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Influential business groups want Canada's federal government to cut income taxes to help dissuade Canadian scientists from emigrating to the United States.

There is increasing evidence that ship strikes are a major cause of mortality for whales, sharks and other ocean giants. With the global fleet growing, some simple actions can turn things around.

Antibiotic-resistant uropathogenic bacteria are becoming increasingly prevalent. In this Review, strategies for clinicians and researchers to address this challenge are delineated, including implementation of policies, stewardship practices, and the exploration of emerging therapeutic targets aimed at mitigating antibiotic resistance.

The transcription factor ATF4 and its effector lipocalin 2 (LCN2) have a key role in immune evasion and tumour progression, and targeting the ATF4–LCN2 axis might provide a way to treat several types of solid tumour by increasing anti-cancer immunity.

Estimates from the Global Dietary Database indicated that 2.2 million new type 2 diabetes and 1.2 million new cardiovascular disease cases were attributable to sugar-sweetened beverages worldwide in 2020, with the highest burdens in sub-Saharan Africa, Latin America and the Caribbean.

Picks include a quantum pioneer, a co-discoverer of Ebola and a bioethicist-turned-activist.

An in-depth analysis of tissue biopsies from patients with multiple myeloma and CAR T cell therapy-associated immune-related adverse events (CirAEs) after treatment with commercial BCMA-targeted CAR T cell therapy shows that CD4⁺ CAR T cells mediate off-tumor toxicities and that high CD4:CD8 ratio at apheresis, robust early CAR T cell expansion, ICANS and ciltacabtagene autoleuce treatment are independently associated with the development of CirAEs.

After spinal cord injury, lesion-remote astrocytes acquire heterogeneous, spatially restricted reactivity states that shape neuroinflammation, neural repair and neurological recovery.

Picks include a rogue gene-editor, a wunderkind physicist and a DNA detective who helped catch a serial killer.

In early 2025, nearly 2,100 research projects funded by the US National Institutes of Health (NIH) were terminated. Numerous calls for depoliticization of the NIH’s scientific mission culminated in the Bethesda declaration, which has now been signed by over 32,000 individuals. However, little attention has been given to the effect of these terminations on people who stand to benefit most from scientific discoveries: the patients, care partners and community leaders.

New Zealand implemented stringent COVID-19 control measures early after identification of its first case. Here, the authors perform whole genome sequencing of samples taken until 22 May 2020 and find high viral diversity indicative of multiple separate introductions and limited community transmission.

Analysis of more than 7,000 quotas for reptile trade from around the world identifies that few quotas are exceeded, although quotas often exceed pre-quota trade volumes, and that many quotas remain unchanged, with the longest-running quotas proportionately changing the least.

Sajti and colleagues identify TREM2 as a critical factor in myeloid cells in response to hyperoxia-induced lung injury in neonates, finding that TREM2 deficiency protects mice from bronchopulmonary dysplasia.

The World Health Organization has decided the crisis isn’t over yet — but it’s at a transition point.

David Wallinga says that US policymakers should follow Europe’s example to reduce the misuse of antibiotics in the agriculture sector.

The composition of extracellular vesicles (EVs) is central to their function, yet the field lacks systematic characterization. Here Rai et al. perform proteomic and lipidomic analyses of circulating human plasma EVs and create a web tool for data exploration.

Alarmone synthesis depletes GTP levels leading to a GTP-dependent switch that controls triggered, spontaneous and antibiotic-induced persister formation in Bacillus subtilis.

Topical microbicide combined with vaccine effectively prevents infection of female macaques with simian immunodeficiency virus.

In this study, the authors provide a global overview of SARS-CoV-2 genome sequencing, and estimate the proportion of cases sequenced and time to genome upload. They identify disparities and highlight the need to strengthen surveillance in lower and middle income countries.

Non-pharmaceutical interventions for COVID-19 control impacted transmission of other pathogens including respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). Here, the authors perform phylodynamic analyses of RSV genomes from New Zealand to explore dynamics before, during, and after the COVID-19 pandemic.

Goel et al. examine why some factually correct news articles are often shared by users who also shared fake news articles on social media.

The government plans to build a monitoring network in the wake of a study that attributed a spike in an ozone-depleting chemical to two Chinese provinces.

Grune et al. show that hypokalemic mice develop spontaneous ventricular tachycardia after myocardial infarction, and they use this model to dissect the role of immune cells in arrhythmia: neutrophils increase ventricular tachycardia, partly by promoting reactive oxygen species production, whereas efferocytic macrophages play a protective role.

Activated sludge (AS) systems in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) contain high concentration of viruses. Here, the authors apply a systematic metagenomic pipeline and retrieve a catalogue of around 50,000 prokaryotic viruses from samples of six WWTPs, revealing a large and uncharacterized viral diversity in AS communities.

Two randomized controlled trials demonstrate the ability of text-based behavioural ‘nudges’ to improve the uptake of COVID-19 vaccines, especially when designed to make participants feel ownership over their vaccine dose.

Antimicrobial resistance has evolved over decades due to widespread antimicrobial use, with resistance genes now circulating across humans, animals and the environment, creating complex cross-sector connectivity challenges. This Perspective advocates for genomics-based studies of AMR connectivity to enable coordinated global action and investment under the One Health framework.

Within gastrointestinal tissues, tuft cells, a rare population of chemo-sensory epithelial cells, can promote the activation of type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s). Here the authors show that tuft cells and ILC2s are increased during gastric cancer development and that the pharmacologic inhibition of tuft cell derived IL25 or ILC2-produced IL13 reduces gastric tumor growth.

Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) demonstrate therapeutic benefits in multiple diseases, but the mechanisms remain unclear as infused MSCs do not persist in the body. Here, the authors show that MSC apoptosis is an important mechanistic element, as MSCs rendered genetically incapable of apoptosis lose their ability to ameliorate disease.

In-mold electronics often rely on vacuum forming processes, which are traditionally limited to thermoplastics. Here, the authors introduce a vacuum forming method for thermoset materials using frontal polymerization.

Sepsis induces a period of immunosuppression which can be problematic in the face of subsequent infectious challenge. Here the authors show the presence of PD-L1 expressing regulatory plasma cells that can inhibit T cells in a murine model and in patients with sepsis.

Frequent dispersal and short-lived local transmission clusters fuelled the 2013–2016 Ebola virus epidemic in Guinea, Liberia and Sierra Leone.

Co-evolution of enzymes for metabolic diversification is not well understood, especially at the biochemical level. Here, the biosynthetic pathways responsible for the synthesis of two natural products, curacin and jamaicamide, are examined; several domains are characterized to help determine how, although the two pathways have a high sequence identity, they are responsible for the production of two such dramatically different chemical motifs.

Disentangling multiple drivers of species declines can be difficult yet is critical to species conservation. Here, the authors parse the relative contributions of deforestation and trapping to declines of native birds in Southeast Asia, finding that the extinction risk of trapped species may be underestimated.

Despite rapid and significant changes during the pandemic, prognostic models for COVID-19 patients do not currently account for data drifts. Here, the authors develop a framework for continuously monitoring and updating prognostic models and applied it to predict 28-day survival in COVID-19 patients.

To forge a strong climate accord in Paris, nations must agree on a common goal in everyone's self-interest, say David J. C. MacKay and colleagues.

Many genetic variants have been associated with body size, but the contribution of copy number of rDNA is unknown. Here, the authors explore the association between rDNA copy number and body size in both rats and humans, finding that lower rDNA CN is associated with higher weight and BMI.

A fluorogenic reporter allows visualization of spike protein and ACE2 receptor interaction and the identification of natural products that inhibit SARS-CoV-2 replication in vitro and in vivo.

David Adam reports on a new genetic modification technique that may see natural mosquito populations replaced with modified strains that cannot transmit malaria.

There is limited data on drug resistance in South African communities strongly affected by HIV. In this study, the authors observed low levels of resistance to newer drugs but widespread resistance to older HIV medications in a South African community. Resistance to rilpivirine was detected even in untreated individuals.

What can be done to slow global warming? Huge new sources of carbon-free power may be needed. But other options also exist, and with so many uncertainties dogging predictions of technology and climate, choosing the best portfolio is hard.