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A modular, point-of-care device combining hemispheric plasmonic nanoarrays and automated microfluidics enables nucleic acid amplification and metabolic cell viability assay for rapid bacterial identification and antibiotic susceptibility testing.

The APOE-ε4 allele is the strongest genetic risk factor for late-onset Alzheimer’s disease, but it is not deterministic. Here, the authors show that common genetic variation changes how APOE-ε4 influences cognition.

Wastewater-based surveillance tends to focus on specific pathogens. Here, the authors mapped the wastewater virome from 62 cities worldwide to identify over 2,500 viruses, revealing city-specific virome fingerprints and showing that wastewater metagenomics enables early detection of emerging viruses.

Peng et al. find that immunodominant cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) specific for NP_105–113-B*07:02 are associated with reduced COVID-19 severity. Mechanistically, NP_105–113-B*07:02-specific CTLs show potent antiviral functionality and may represent rational T cell vaccine targets.

Autonomous microfluidics with plasmonic hot electron injection accelerates colorimetric DNA/RNA amplification detection and rapid diagnosis of pathogens in patient samples on par with polymerase chain reaction.

Pathological B-cell receptor (BCR) signaling is a key driver of mantle cell lymphoma tumorigenesis. Here, the authors discover that CEACAM1, an immunoglobulin-like transmembrane protein, is essential for a subset of mantle cell lymphoma through activation of the BCR.

Zheng et al. developed LLM4SD, a framework using large language models to predict molecular properties. The method leverages the ability of large language models to synthesize knowledge from literature and to reason about scientific data with domain expertise.

Transcriptomic and proteomic analyses show that high levels of the extracellular-matrix protein osteopontin are associated with the attenuated foreign-body response elicited by breast silicone implants wrapped with acellular dermal matrix.

In the layered magnetic semiconductor CrSBr, excitons can strongly couple to nonlinear magnons. This coupling enables tunable magnon frequency mixing, parametric amplification and excitons dressed with up to 20 harmonics of magnons.

Predicting the binding affinity between small-molecule ligands and proteins is a key task in drug discovery; however, sequence-based methods are often less accurate than structure-based ones. Koh et al. develop a graph neural network using physicochemical constraints that discovers interactions between small molecules and proteins directly from sequence data and that can achieve state-of-the-art performance without the need for costly, experimental 3D structures.

The developmental mechanisms responsible for the structural defects observed in hypoplastic left heart syndrome remain controversial. Using rbfox-deficient zebrafish, the authors implicate impaired cardiac function as a primary driver of disease.

Neel domain walls are typically stabilized by an interfacial Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction, with a chirality that is fixed by the sample materials. Here, Song, Huang and coauthors demonstrate the existence of two bistable Néel domain wall states with opposite chiralities, and the switching between these via magnetic field pulses

A ‘mouse atlas’, comprising single-cell transcriptomic data from more than 100,000 cells from 20 organs and tissues, has been created as a resource for cell biology.

Light-driven approaches could lower the carbon footprint of chemical production. Here the authors use the perovskite oxide LaMn_1−xCu_xO₃ as a photocatalyst to convert ethane to ethylene and hydrogen.

In a post-hoc analysis of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) features from patients with metastatic prostate cancer treated with [¹⁷⁷Lu]Lu–PSMA-617 or cabazitaxel in the randomized phase 2 TheraP trial, low ctDNA levels at baseline were predictive of clinical benefit from [¹⁷⁷Lu]Lu–PSMA-617, and PTEN or ATM alterations were identified as potential biomarkers of response.

A new reprogramming strategy used to produce human induced pluripotent stem cells from somatic cells results in epigenetic and functional profiles that are highly similar to those of human embryonic stem cells.

Compound MMV006833 inhibits ring-stage development of Plasmodium falciparum. Here, the authors show that it targets lipid transfer enzyme PfSTART1 and prevents PfSTART1 from expanding the vacuole membrane encasing the parasite after red blood cell invasion, thereby blocking parasite growth.

Whether multimorbidity accelerates brain Aβ deposition in humans remains largely unknown. Here, the authors demonstrate that higher self-reported multimorbidity burden predicts increased brain Aβ accumulation rates in the ADNI cohort.

The role of IgG glycosylation in the immune response has been studied, but less is known about IgM glycosylation. Here the authors characterize glycosylation of SARS-CoV-2 spike specific IgM and show that it correlates with COVID-19 severity and affects complement deposition.

Understanding the emergence, evolution, and transmission of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) is essential to combat antimicrobial resistance. Here, Munk et al. analyse ARGs in hundreds of sewage samples from 101 countries and describe regional patterns, diverse genetic environments of common ARGs, and ARG-specific transmission patterns.

Wearable materials are endowed with synthetic biology circuits to detect biomolecules, including SARS-CoV-2 RNA.

The risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) is known to be increased in patients with IBD. However, no specific consensus statements exist regarding the prevention of postoperative VTE in patients with this disease. The results of a large retrospective cohort study quantifying the risk of postoperative VTE in patients with IBD are discussed.

Fusion genes have been proposed as a potential mechanism of resistance to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) in lung cancer. Here, the authors identify gene fusions that are associated with resistance to EGFR TKIs in non-small cell lung cancers, and test how these fusions impact the response to EGFR TKIs in vitro.

Individual sheets of graphene can be readily incorporated into a polymer matrix, giving rise to composite materials having potentially useful electronic properties.

Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome (RSTS) is a neurodevelopmental disorder with unclear underlying mechanisms. Here, the authors unravel the contribution of a stress-responsive pathway to RSTS where impaired HSF2 acetylation, due to RSTS-associated CBP/EP300 mutations, alters the expression of neurodevelopmental players, in keeping with hallmarks of cell-cell adhesion defects.

Homologs are paired in Drosophila somatic cells from embryogenesis to adulthood. Using a computational approach for haplotype-resolved Hi-C, the authors reveal highly structured homolog pairing in Drosophila embryos during zygotic genome activation and demonstrate its application to mammalian embryos.

Solid organ transplant recipients are at increased risk of infectious disease and have unique molecular pathophysiology. Here the authors use host-microbe profiling to assess SARS-CoV-2 infection and immunity in solid organ transplant recipients, showing enhanced viral abundance, impaired clearance, and increased expression of innate immunity genes.

A Phase I/II trial previously revealed variable anti-tumor efficacy of the PARP inhibitor niraparib in combination with the PD-1 inhibitor pembrolizumab in platinum-resistant ovarian cancer patients. Here, the authors perform an integrated genomic and immunomics analysis of tumor samples from the same patients and find potential predictive biomarkers of response to such combination therapy.

A carbon nanocomposite paper-like material is demonstrated that has superior performance in stiffness, strength and flexibility. This graphene oxide paper is based on nanoscale graphene oxide sheets that are interlocked and tiled together in a near-parallel fashion.

Trans-homolog interactions, such as homolog pairing, are highly structured and associated with gene function in Drosophila cells. Here, the authors use haplotype-resolved Hi-C to identify genome-wide trans-homolog interactions in a Drosophila hybrid cell line and investigate their patterns and functional roles.

This study presents the assembly and analysis of the genome sequence of a female domestic Duroc pig and a comparison with the genomes of wild and domestic pigs from Europe and Asia; the results shed light on the evolutionary relationship between European and Asian wild boars.

While greater yam provides food and income security for millions of people around the world, there are limited genomic resources available. Here, the authors report a chromosome-scale assembly of the greater yam genome as well as quantitative trait loci associated with anthracnose resistance and tuber traits.

Obtaining data on antimicrobial resistance (AMR) from healthy human populations is difficult. Here, Hendriksen et al. use metagenomic analysis to obtain AMR data from untreated sewage from 79 sites in 60 countries, finding correlations with socio-economic, health and environmental factors.

Mammalian genomes are scattered with repetitive sequences, but their biology remains largely elusive. Here, the authors show that transcription can initiate from short tandem repetitive sequences, and that genetic variants linked to human diseases are preferentially found at repeats with high transcription initiation level.

Abdominal adhesions are a common cause of bowel obstruction, but knowledge regarding adhesion biology and anti-adhesion therapies remains limited. Here the authors report a systematic analysis of mouse and human adhesion tissues demonstrating that visceral fibroblast JUN and associated PDGFRA expression promote adhesions, and JUN suppression can prevent adhesion formation.

Jayavelu, Samaha et al., apply machine learning models on hospital admission data, including antibody titers and viral load, to identify patients at high risk for Long COVID. Low antibody levels, high viral loads, chronic diseases, and female sex are key predictors, supporting early, targeted interventions.

Receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB (RANK)/RANK-ligand (RANKL) signaling regulates the tumor-immune crosstalk. Here the authors show that systemic RANKL inhibition promotes CD8 + T cell infiltration in patients with early breast cancer and that loss of RANK signaling in tumor cells drives a T cell-dependent anti-tumor response in preclinical models.

Surface frustrated Lewis pairs (SFLPs) provide a unique class of active sites that enable efficient gas-phase CO₂ photocatalysis. How to tailor the reactivity of the SFLPs represents a major challenge, which the authors address here by single-site Bi³⁺ ion substitution of the SFLPs.

Fernando Rivadeneira and colleagues in the Genetic Factors for Osteoporosis Consortium report a large-scale meta-analysis identifying new loci associated with bone mineral density (BMD) and risk of fracture. Thirty-two new loci are found to be associated with BMD, and 6 loci confer higher risk for low-trauma bone fracture.

Post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 (PASC) is still not well understood. Here the authors provide patient reported outcomes from 590 hospitalized COVID-19 patients and show association of PASC with higher respiratory SARS-CoV-2 load and circulating antibody titers, and in some an elevation in circulating fibroblast growth factor 21.