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During chronic but not acute inflammation, chromatin remodelling is influenced by nuclear autophagy through WSTF interaction with ATG8 in the nucleus, leading to WSTF nuclear export and its subsequent degradation.

GI forms an inactive nuclear condensate that is dispersed at high temperatures by FKF1 binding to GI’s intrinsically disordered region. The resulting FKF1–GI complex promotes SVP degradation, accelerating flowering at high ambient temperatures.

In a ferrimagnet, there are two magnetic sublattices coupled antiferromagnetically. The dynamics of the two magnetic sublattices isn’t well understood, as the magnetic moments for each reside at different energy levels. Here, Park et al show that the magnetic moments at deeper energy levels show spin-glass like characteristics.

Primary angle-closure glaucoma is a leading cause of blindness. Here, the authors identify rare deleterious variants in UBOX5 as risk factors and implicate BIP ubiquitination as a potential disease mechanism.

Most eukaryotes maintain telomeres using a specialized reverse transcriptase. Here the authors report that Thc1 (Telomerase Holoenzyme Component 1) and Bmc1 (Bin3/MePCE 1) form a complex with Pof8, a constitutive member of telomerase in fission yeast.

Using magnetic resonance imaging and connectome-based predictive modelling, Gao et al. find that brain connectivity data can predict suicide risk in patients with late-life depression.

Antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 provide protection against infection, but the virus has evolved to evade them. Here, the authors characterize a human antibody with incomplete neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 variants and engineer it to enhance potency and expand coverage to all tested variants by increasing conformational flexibility.

The precise role of somatostatin-expressing interneurons in regulating hemodynamics remains unclear. Here, authors find that the activation of these neurons induces astrocytic calcium signaling, which subsequently drives delayed vasodilation and enhances layer-specific fMRI signals in response to prolonged sensory stimulation.

Alvarez and colleagues develop a bispecific anti-PD-1–GITR-L agonist that activates T cells via a mechanism distinct from those found with individual PD-1 and GITR-L agonists and demonstrate its antitumor activity in mice and nonhuman primates.

The derivation of blood progenitor cells from human pluripotent stem cells is of interest for cell therapy but remains an inefficient process. Here the authors micropattern hPSC-derived haemogenic endothelial (HE) cells into spatially-organized, size-controlled colonies and identify a geometry that achieves increased efficiency in deriving blood cells.

Nguyen et al. identify TDP-43 and METTL3 as key regulators of disrupted RNA splicing in Huntington’s disease, offering insight into how TDP-43 mislocalization and aberrant m6A RNA modification and localization relate to disease pathogenesis.

A method leveraging antibodies conjugated with barcoded DNA strands to linearize closely spaced interactions from individual 3D protein complexes allows for the mapping of pairwise and higher-order protein interactions within cells.

How pathogen signals perceived by receptor kinases activate plant immunity is not fully understood. Here the authors show that phosphocoding of a shared phosphatase ensures signalling from growth and immune receptors to specific cellular responses.

Epstein–Barr virus - host chromatin interactions in nasopharyngeal carcinoma remain poorly understood. Here, the authors characterise the virus‒host chromatin interactions leading to genome reorganisation and identify a KDM5B-relevant signature associated with distant metastasis.

SHLP2 is a mitochondrial-derived peptide that plays an important role in energy homeostasis. Here, the authors show SHLP2’s protective effect against obesity and its mechanisms of action by binding to CXCR7 and activating hypothalamic neurons that regulate food intake, energy expenditure, and glucose homeostasis.

PSPC1 has a critical role in promoting EMT and metastasis. Here, the authors demonstrate that PSPC1 is the contextual determinant of the oncogenic switch of PTK6/β-catenin subcellular localizations to drive metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma cells via a PSPC1/PTK6/β-catenin signaling.

The photocurrent in polymorphic phase areas of BiFeO₃ is enhanced by a factor of 100 due to interfacial strain gradients across the different structural phases.

ARF4 GTPase activity is needed for vesicular trafficking for multiple RNA viruses. Blocking ARF4 using specific peptides redirects viral progeny to lysosomal degradation and decreases influenza and Zika virus infection in mice.

Small molecule drugs promise to remain a valuable tool in controlling the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Here the authors describe optimized drug-like small molecule inhibitors of the SARS-CoV-2 3CL protease for potential treatment of COVID-19.

The control of magnetism by electric field is an important goal for future development of low-power spintronics. Here, the authors demonstrate voltage control of magnetism in van der Waals ferromagnetic/ferroelectric heterostructure devices via the strain-mediated magnetoelectric effect.

The ability to print arbitrary colors and shapes in all three dimensions at microscopic length scales is still lacking. Here, the authors introduce a means to produce three-dimensionally-printed photonic crystals with a periodicity as small as 280 nm, achieving sub-100-nm features with a full range of colors.

PAPD5 is responsible for adenylation of microRNAs. Here, the authors show that elevated level of PAPD5 enhances the adenylation and reduced expression of miR-7-5p. As a result, expression of TAB2, a target of miR-7-5p, is induced triggering neuronal apoptosis in Huntington’s disease.

Small open reading frame-encoded peptides (SEPs), shorter than 100 amino acids, are involved in many cell biological processes. Here the authors identify 16 nuclear-encoded mitochondrial SEPs, including BRAWNIN, an essential regulator of respiratory chain complex III assembly and ATP production.

The Ku complex, formed by XRCC5/6 heterodimer, binds to double strand break (DSB) ends, initiating non homologous end joining (NHEJ) and preventing homologous recombination (HR). Here, the authors reveal that FOXL2, a forkhead family transcriptional factor, directs DSB repair pathway choice by acetylation-dependent binding to Ku.

Pathologic α-synuclein spreads from cell-to-cell through binding to the lymphocyteactivation gene 3 (Lag3). Here, the authors demonstrate that the amyloid β precursor-like protein 1 (Aplp1) interacts with Lag3 and facilitates the binding, internalization, transmission, and toxicity of pathologic α-synuclein.

The BAF complex is a multi-subunit chromatin remodeling complex that plays important roles in transcription regulation. Here the authors provide evidence that BRD9 and GLTSCR1/BICRA or its paralog GLTSCR1-like/BICRAL define a non-canonical BAF complex that regulates naive pluripotency in mouse embryonic stem cells.

Light in biological media is known as freely diffusing because interference is negligible. Here, the authors demonstrate Anderson localization of light from quasi-two-dimensional nanostructures in silk fibres.

Neuroinflammation is observed in Alzheimer’s disease. Here the authors show that 15 proteins related to inflammation found in CSF can potentially be used as a prognostic biomarker.

Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases possess unique domains. In this study the structure of the vertebrate IARS1 and EARS1 complex reveals that vertebrate IARS1 protects the DNA repair factor BRCA1 from proteolytic degradation via its UBX-fold domain.

Membrane proteins have been implicated in cancers, but studying the downstream effects of their perturbation remains challenging. Here, the authors map the membrane protein-regulated network of 15 cancers, a resource for prognostic biomarker development and druggable target identification.

Liver fibrosis develops from excessive matrix produced by activated hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). Here, authors identify ABHD17B via an siRNA screen and show that ABHD17B regulates the fibrotic activity of HSCs and promotes liver fibrosis in vivo.

p53 regulates signalling pathways involved in metabolic homeostasis. Here the authors show that O-GlcNAcylation of p53 in the liver plays a key role in the physiological regulation of glucose homeostasis, potentially via controlling the expression of the gluconeogenic enzyme phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase.

The T cell response to SARS-CoV-2 is detected by a PCR assay on whole blood.

Protective immunity against SARS-CoV-2 relies on both antibodies and a T cell dependent response, however, direct experimental evidence for the contribution of cellular immunity is limited. Here authors present a mouse model that is susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 and lacks B cells to demonstrate the emergence of efficient cellular immune response against SARS-CoV-2 upon vaccination or viral challenge.

A planet in a retrograde orbit around a star with a close-in white dwarf companion reveals the role of binary stellar evolution in the formation and evolution of planets.

Aberrant activation of the IgE receptor on mast cells leads to allergic responses. Here, the authors identify an E3 ligase and adaptor protein that can reduce IgE signalling by targeting phosphorylated-Syk for degradation.

Conventional therapies can induce cancer cell senescence. Here the authors show that therapy-induced senescent cancer cells can escape T-cell immunity by upregulating PD-L1, whose expression and glycosylation levels are regulated by ribophorin 1.

This study finds that decision markets can be a useful tool for selecting studies for replication. For a sample of 26 online experiments published in PNAS selected by a decision market, the authors find replication rates ranging between 54% and 62%.

Jung et al demonstrate that TMEM9 facilitates vacuolar-ATPase assembly to enhance vesicular acidification, thereby promoting activation of Wnt signalling and development of colorectal cancer.

Mito-SEPs are small peptides that can modulate oxidative metabolism in mitochondria. Here the authors show that C15ORF48 encodes a mito-SEP, MOCCI, capable of altering mitochondria respiration to suppress inflammation, while C15ORF48 3’ untranslated region also contains a miRNA, miR-147b, that synergizes with MOCCI to modulate host anti-viral responses.

TRIM proteins are known to play critical roles in the context of viral infection. Here the authors establish MG53 (TRIM72) suppresses IFN and inflammation by modulation of ryanodine receptor related intracellular calcium induction.

TP63 is a master regulator transcription factor in squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs). Here the authors report that TP63 suppresses IFNγ signaling in SCC tumors and that its inhibition is associated with enhanced anti-tumor immunity and response to anti-PD1.

Beyond its canonical role in translation, lysyl-tRNA synthetase (KRS) stabilizes the prometastatic 67-kDa laminin receptor (67LR) in the plasma membrane. A small-molecule inhibitor of the KRS-67LR interaction modulates the KRS-promoted metastatic potential of 67LR without disrupting the normal function of each protein.

A key player in the formation of endoplasmic reticulum sheets is CLIMP-63, but mechanistic details remained elusive. Here authors combined cellular experiments and mathematical modelling to show that S-acylation of CLIMP-63 regulates its function by mediating its oligomerisation, turnover, and localisation.

This study reveals that short-term acute heat stress causes vacuolation of the Golgi apparatus, whereafter autophagy-related protein 8 (ATG8) translocates to the cisternal membrane and recruits CLATHRIN LIGHT CHAIN 2 (CLC2) to facilitate Golgi reconstruction by promoting the budding of ATG8-positive vesicles.