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Taking advantage of the abundant renewable energy sources along seashores, this work describes a three-chamber electrolyser that combines electrolysis and desalination to produce both freshwater and green hydrogen.

The acetyl-CoA pathway is the most ancient CO₂ fixation pathway in nature. Here, the authors show that metals selectively reduce CO₂ to the intermediates and end-products of the acetyl-CoA pathway, which is consistent with a prebiotic origin of this pathway.

SF₆ is a potent greenhouse gas, and its current degradation needs harsh conditions and post-treatment. Herein one-step mineralisation at room temp using KOH in water/IPA under UV is shown via acetone-sensitised autocatalysis, yielding sulfite and fluoride.

Biochemical and structural studies show that the bacterial dGTPase CloA is activated by virally produced dTTP and inhibited by 5′-triphosphothymidyl-3′5′-thymidine produced by its regulatory partner CloB, and thereby balances antiviral defence and immune-mediated toxicity.

The development of advanced electrocatalysts with high efficiency and longevity is essential to alleviate the energy crisis. Here, the authors report an atomic editing strategy to access atomically dispersed, heteronuclear triatomic Fe and Co sites to endow improved activity and stability.

Smc5/6 association with DNA junctions can support genomic functions. Here, the authors show that Smc5/6 junction polarity preferences, targeting, and dwell times are determined by its structural modules as well as the RPA and PCNA genomic factors.

Insulin signaling plays a crucial role in coordinating skeletal development with whole‑body energy metabolism. Here, the authors use phosphoproteomics to show insulin-signaling rewiring in aged, insulin-resistant bone and identify defective phosphorylation of AFF4 as a key mechanism for regulating gene-specific transcriptional activation.

AvrPm4 is a chimeric powdery mildew effector that is recognized by the wheat kinase fusion resistance protein Pm4. The pathogen can evade Pm4 recognition by expressing the suppressor SvrPm4, an RNase-like effector with multiple roles.

The vacuum process is scalable and solvent free, yet all-vacuum-deposited perovskite solar cells still trail solution-processed counterparts. Facet-directed co-evaporation yields (100)-oriented mixed-halide wide-bandgap films for efficient, stable single-junction cells and perovskite–silicon tandem cells.

Structure-specific endonucleases play an important role in several DNA repair pathways. Here the authors present structures of the endonuclease XPF-ERCC1 in complex with SLX4, SLX4IP, and DNA. Combined with functional analysis, these results provide insight into the mechanisms of XPF-ERCC1 recruitment and activation during DNA repair.

Rearrangement of the B cell receptor is sequential, and pairing of the successfully assembled heavy chain with the surrogate light chain proteins VpreB and λ5 to form the pre-B cell receptor is an important checkpoint signal for continued B cell development. Here, the authors show that λ5 plays a key role in the multi-step assembly process involving association-induced folding reactions.

Dynein–dynactin–cargo adaptor complexes typically function with two dynein motors. Rao et al. show that, under mechanical load, these complexes can recruit a third dynein via a second adaptor, increasing force generation.

A Gifsy-1 prophage–encoded higher eukaryotes and prokaryotes nucleotide-binding protein, HepS, senses Siphoviridae infection, activates abortive defence by cleaving host transfer RNAs, blocks rival phages and avoids self-targeting via tail-tip variation.

N¹-Methylpseudouridine enhances the translation of synthetic mRNAs, independently of innate immunity.

Here the authors compare genetic testing strategies in rare movement disorders, improve diagnostic yield with genome analysis, and establish CD99L2 as an X-linked spastic ataxia gene, showing that CD99L2–CAPN1 signaling disruption likely drives neurodegeneration.

The study used snMultiome-seq to map gene expression and chromatin accessibility in human central amygdala cells from people with and without AUD. Here, the authors show that inhibitory neurons are most affected, with KLF16-driven regulatory changes and AUD-risk variants disrupting gene activity.

The DNA-dependent protease SPRTN cleaves toxic DNA-protein crosslinks (DPCs). Here, the authors show that SPRTN is activated by DPC-ubiquitylation through an allosteric ubiquitin binding interface. This regulatory mechanism enables precise control of SPRTN activity during DNA repair.

Hydrogen evolution and oxidation on platinum surfaces are central reactions in electrochemical devices. Sun et al. show that they can be promoted by introduction of the organic molecules, N-methylimidazoles, and explore the underlying phenomena at play through in situ spectroscopy and computation.

Electron transfer in molecular wires is typically dominated by tunnelling at short lengths. Now it is shown that conjugated molecular wires anchored to indium tin oxide electrodes exhibit a hopping mechanism even at 1-nm lengths, enabling charge extraction in tin perovskite solar cells and improved device performance.

Mouse models show that lymphoedema caused by impaired lymphatic drainage is ameliorated by removal of cholesterol deposits, which promotes the regeneration of lymphatic vessels.

Langstein-Skora, Schmid, Huth et al. propose that intrinsically disordered region functionality can be driven by the interplay between linear binding motifs and contextual chemical characteristics such as charge and hydrophobicity.

Solar water splitting using metal–insulator–semiconductor junctions has proven efficient, but these junctions degrade very rapidly. Here, the authors engineer metal–insulator–semiconductor interfaces in which Fermi-level pinning is reduced, producing an efficient and durable photoanode for solar-driven water oxidation.

Low temperature ionic conducting materials such as OH^- and H⁺ ionic conductors are important electrolyte materials. Here the authors report the discovery of fast mixed OH^- /H⁺ conductors in ceramic materials, SrZr0.8Y0.2O3-δ and CaZr0.8Y0.2O3-δ, for potential use as electrolytes in fuel cells.

Electrochemical conversion of CO₂ into value-added chemicals holds promise to enable the transition to carbon neutrality, but enhancing the selectivity toward a specific hydrocarbon product remains a challenging task. Now, the authors present a Cu–polyamine hybrid catalyst that achieves Faradaic efficiency of 87% for ethylene and full-cell energy efficiency of 50%.

Green hydrogen production via water electrolysis requires a low-cost solution to provide efficient catalysts. Here, the authors report an industrially scalable method for synthesizing NiFe layered double hydroxide at room temperature and atmospheric pressure, enhancing alkaline electrolysis.

A multimodal robotic platform is used to discover and optimize an electrocatalyst composition for formate oxidation.

NiFe-based hydroxides are well-known for alkaline water oxidation but face efficiency issues due to unclear Fe dynamics. Here, the authors report that surface Fe dynamics are affected by Fe diffusion on the counter electrode and have developed a zinc-templated precursor to stabilize active Fe sites.

The authors present a Mn incorporation strategy to enhance the stability of PdH_x metallenes by locking interstitial H atoms via strong electronic interactions in the immiscible alloy, resulting in an improved alkaline oxygen reduction reaction activity and stability at working temperature around 353 K.

Understanding the active state of electrocatalysts during operation is crucial for advancing catalyst development. Here, the authors report an operando X-ray absorption spectroscopic study revealing a structural change in Mn spinel oxide electrocatalysts in a fuel cell.

Crystal growth is visualized inside non-transparent liquid metals, while preserving their original state, using X-ray micro-computed tomography to reveal how liquid metal solvent composition and cooling conditions influence crystal formation.

The processes of photosynthesis, aerobic and anaerobic respiration (fermentation) power life on Earth. Here, using mainly green alga Chlamydomonas, the authors find that the weak acids produced during fermentation could chemically suppress both photosynthesis and aerobic respiration.

Current catalysts for water-splitting electrolyzers are scarce and unstable under acidic conditions. Here, the authors report that cobalt oxyhydroxide works across all pH levels, delivering stable industrial-scale current for 400 h while its redox behavior adapts with acidity.

PARM is a deep-learning model trained on data from massively parallel reporter assays to help predict promoter activity in different human cell types, design synthetic promoters and identify key features of regulatory promoter grammar.

Membrane ion channels can be responsive to a variety of stimuli such as pressure, temperature, or pH. Here, the authors show that simply shining 365 nm light activates a native potassium channel in rodent pain-sensing neurons, delivering powerful analgesia without drugs or genetic manipulations.

There is ongoing research into new electrocatalysts for hydrogen production from water splitting. Here, the authors report the electrocatalytic performance of nickel/nickel oxide heterostructures on carbon nanotubes, and are able to assemble a water electrolyzer operated by a single-cell 1.5 V battery.

Geminin regulates DNA replication by binding CDT1 and preventing MCM helicase loading. Using a reconstituted system and structural modelling, the authors find geminin inhibits via steric clash with MCM, not by blocking the CDT1–MCM interface. Combined with CDK activity, it fully halts licensing.

Magnetic field has been observed to promote oxygen evolution at some circumstance, however the reason for the enhancement remains unclear. Here, the authors show that enhancement is due to the disappearance of magnetic domain walls.

The bacterial genotoxin colibactin induces DNA interstrand cross-links which pose a barrier to DNA replication. Here, the authors use Xenopus egg extracts to show that the Fanconi anemia pathway is responsible for repairing these cross-links.

Anion-exchange membrane water electrolysers have the potential to rival more costly acidic proton-exchange membrane electrolysers, but their performance and efficiency commonly still fall short. Now an anion-exchange membrane water electrolyser is prepared with a NiFe layered double hydroxide catalyst-coated membrane that achieves high current densities above 2 A cm⁻² at 1.8 V and operando X-ray absorption spectroscopy is used to track the formation of the catalytically active γ-LDH phase.

Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria Syndrome is characterized by premature aging with cardiovascular disease being the main cause of death. Here the authors show that inhibition of the NAT10 enzyme enhances cardiac function and fitness, and reduces age-related phenotypes in a mouse model of premature aging.

Class I and II benzoyl-coenzyme A reductases offer a mild biological alternative to the alkali metal- and ammonia-dependent Birch reduction, a classical synthetic method for achieving dihydro additions to arenes. Here, the authors characterize double-cubane [8Fe-9S] and active site aqua-[4Fe-4S] clusters of a class I benzoyl-CoA reductase and provide evidence for a radical mechanism.

Targeting neurons that regulate energy balance may offer new approaches for obesity treatment. Here, authors show that chemogenetic and pharmacological manipulation of GABAergic neurons in the DRN/vlPAG increases adaptive thermogenesis and reduces weight gain in mice fed a highfat diet.

Here the authors show that a gene-inactivating protein complex packs inactive genes into a dynamic and accessible structure. The study challenges the traditional views that restricted accessibility and low dynamics cause gene repression.

R2 retrotransposons are natural RNA guided gene insertion systems. Here, Edmonds et al. characterize the structure and biochemistry of an avian R2 and engineer a compact, all-RNA system to integrate DNA in mammalian cells, aiding the development of future retrotransposon-based gene editors.

Structural and biochemical analyses reveal details of how UFM1 conjugation and deconjugation mediate ribosome recycling and quality control.

Chemical recycling of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) typically requires high temperatures. Here, the authors report the UV-initiated depolymerisation of PMMA at low temperatures, in non-chlorinated solvents, such as benzonitrile.

The scale-up of the coupling of water electroreduction (HER) with organic electrooxidation remains challenging. Here the authors address this challenge by coupling HER with electrooxidation of raw biomass chitin, cogenerating acetate and green hydrogen safely at high current density.