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Analysis of multiple cohorts of patients with melanoma demonstrates a positive association between cytomegalovirus serostatus and overall survival in patients treated with monotherapy but not combination immune checkpoint blockade, as well as delayed onset of immune-related adverse events across both treatment types, as well as delayed development of metastatic disease in seropositive patients.

Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are clinically useful for detecting and monitoring cancer, but they are rare in blood. Here, the authors use a highthroughput microfluidic device to massively enrich CTCs from leukapheresis products to uncover single cell molecular features in prostate and other cancers.

The influence of pregnancy on Long COVID is not well understood. Here, the authors use electronic health record data from the United States to compare the incidence of Long COVID in females after infection in pregnancy with matched non-pregnant females of reproductive age.

In this study, the authors investigate the dissemination and evolution of vaccination-induced antibody lineages in macaques and show that members of neutralizing lineages acquire different breadths allowing recognition of both previously encountered and not encountered viral variants.

Drop evaporation can be used as a fabrication technology for targeted particle deposition or microflow control, yet previous research is limited to spherical drops. Here, Sáenzet al. generalize the evaporation dynamics for arbitrary drop geometry and show its potential for more sophisticated control.

South Asia is home to almost 2 billion people but is extremely underrepresented in human genetics. This study uses genomes from ~5,000 South Asians to characterize genetic variation and help facilitate future South Asian genetic studies.

Results of the phase 2 trial of CD19 CAR T cell therapy lisocabtagene maraleucel in patients with relapsed or refractory follicular lymphoma, most of whom were treated in a third-line or later setting, show encouraging objective response rates in these high-risk patients.

FUT10 and FUT11, originally annotated as α1,3-fucosyltransferases, are actually protein O-fucosyltransferases participating in a non-canonical ER quality control pathway for EMI domain-containing protein secretion.

Rice production in India is a foundation for global food security, but strategies for sustainable intensification are uncertain. By combining large-scale surveys with predictive modeling, the authors identify efficient pathways for achieving productivity gains while enhancing economic and environmental goals.

Apolipoprotein L1 genetic variants contribute to a subtype of proteinuric kidney disease referred to as APOL1-mediated kidney disease (AMKD). Here the authors report the discovery and characterization of potent and selective APOL1 ion channel inhibitors for the potential treatment of AMKD.

Microglia and border-associated macrophages play a role in regulating cerebral blood flow (CBF), but the underlying mechanisms are unclear. Here, the authors show a role for microglial CD39 in the regulation of basal CBF and neurovascular coupling.

Catalytic metals dissolved in a liquid gallium solvent remain atomically dispersed. Alignments among the liquid atoms and reactants facilitate selective propylene synthesis from various hydrocarbon feedstocks.

Tummino et al. dock 74 million molecules against the human cannabinoid-1 receptor to find uM ligands. Optimization led to a nM agonist conferring analgesia with reduced side effects in mice, highlighting its potential as a pain therapeutic and the promise of a structure-based approach.

Voltage-modulated scanning probe microscopy may elucidate important processes at solid–liquid interfaces, but it is complicated by the presence of mobile ions. By incorporating force sensitivity into a multidimensional measurement approach, Collins et al.present a technique that overcomes these limitations.

One of the advantages that it is hoped quantum computers will have over classical computers is their ability to accurately simulate quantum phenomena. Silveri et al.take a step towards this goal by simulating so-called motional averaging in an artificial atom realized by a superconducting quantum bit.

Survival during fasting requires release of adipose tissue lipid stores and is thought to be dependent on canonical lipases, including the rate limiting action of adipose triglyceride lipase. Here the authors show that lysosomes and lysosomal acid lipase play a critical role in adipocyte lipolysis with fasting in mice.

The number of ligand binding sites in the dopamine transporter is enigmatic due to conflicting data from structures and molecular pharmacology. Here, force spectra reveal the position and dynamics of a previously invisible transient site.

Analysis of 46 newly sequenced or re-sequenced Tausch’s goatgrass (Aegilops tauschii) accessions establishes the origin of the bread wheat (Triticum aestivum) D genome from genetically and geographically discrete Ae. tauschii subpopulations.

Here, the authors show that Brown-Zak fermions in graphene-on-boron-nitride superlattices exhibit mobilities above 10⁶ cm²/V s and micrometer scale ballistic transport.

Hole-spin qubits based on semiconductor quantum dots offer potential advantages over their electron-spin counterparts, such as fast qubit control and enhanced coherence times. Liles et al. report a hole-based singlet-triplet spin qubit in planar Si MOS device and develop a model to describe its dynamics.

An in vivo screen of small-molecule compounds to inhibit the mosquito-stage development of Plasmodium identified hits that can be incorporated into bed nets and led to effective parasite killing in the insect host.

Reduced fitness of the tumor microenvironment is mediated by a long non-coding RNA expressed in tumors.

An electron and a hole trapped in the same quantum dot couple together to form an exciton. Conventionally the hole involved is a heavy hole. Light-hole excitons are now observed by applying elastic stress to initially unstrained gallium arsenide-based dots. The quasiparticles are identified by their optical emission signature, and could be used in future quantum technologies.

A single-cell ex vivo screening of repurposable drugs in glioblastoma and machine learning of drug–target networks show that anti-tumor neuroactive drugs converge on the AP-1/BTG pathway, based on which prediction models and experimental in vivo and in silico validation identify the anti-depressant vortioxetine as a potential therapeutic agent.

The semileptonic decay channels of the Λc baryon can give important insights into weak interaction, but decay into a neutron, positron and electron neutrino has not been reported so far, due to difficulties in the final products’ identification. Here, the BESIII Collaboration reports its observation in e+e- collision data, exploiting machine-learning-based identification techniques.

A diverse, multidisciplinary panel of 386 experts in COVID-19 response from 112 countries provides health and social policy actions to address inadequacies in the pandemic response and help to bring this public health threat to an end.

Over-canal solar photovoltaic arrays are likely to reduce water evaporation and carry financial co-benefits, but estimates are lacking. With hydrologic and techno-economic simulations of solar panels covering California’s canal network, this study shows the advantages of covering canals with solar panels.

Twin propagation involves three-dimensional normal, forward and lateral motion of twin interfaces with respect to the twinning shear direction. Here, the authors combine electron microscopy and atomistic simulations to study the until now unknown lateral structure of tensile deformation twins in magnesium.

A device architecture based on indium arsenide–aluminium heterostructures with a gate-defined superconducting nanowire allows single-shot interferometric measurement of fermion parity and demonstrates an assignment error probability of 1%.

Liver X receptor drives epithelial Areg-mediated intestinal regeneration, while preventing tumour growth through adaptive immune responses.

In this disease mapping study, the authors estimate disability-adjusted life year rates for three of the major causes of mortality for children under five 43 countries in sub-Saharan Africa. They identify significant heterogeneity at the subnational level, highlighting the need for a targeted intervention approach.

Interleukin (IL)-22 is critical in ameliorating obesity-induced metabolic disorders; however, it is unclear where IL-22 acts to mediate these outcomes. Here, the authors show in tissue-specific IL-22 receptor knockout mice a key role of intestinal epithelium-specific IL-22RA1 signaling in regulating intestinal metabolism and alleviating obesity-associated disorders.

A cross-ancestry meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies identifies association signals for stroke and its subtypes at 89 (61 new) independent loci, reveals putative causal genes, highlighting F11, KLKB1, PROC, GP1BA, LAMC2 and VCAM1 as potential drug targets, and provides cross-ancestry integrative risk prediction.

Certifiably random bits can be generated using the 56-qubit Quantinuum H2-1 trapped-ion quantum computer accessed over the Internet.

Somatic structural variants (SVs) in cancer can impact DNA methylation-mediated transcriptional regulation. Here, the authors analyse multi-omics data from over 2400 samples from the Children’s Brain Tumor Network and report SVs that are associated with altered gene expression or DNA methylation, including some with prognostic relevance.