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An electro-activated dual-affinity membrane with electrostatic and hydrophobic binding sites achieves the effective removal of diverse per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) at environmental concentrations, providing a practical and cost-effective method for addressing the challenge of PFAS contaminants in drinking water.

CD142⁺ synovial fibroblasts drive meniscus damage in rheumatoid arthritis via ABCC4/cAMP/PKA signaling. Here, the authors show that targeting CD142⁺ synovial fibroblasts might prevent knee joint destruction and reduce need for knee replacement in pre-clinical models.

Shen, Gao and Luo et al. show that the epigenetic regulator Cxxc1 plays an important role in maintaining homeostasis and function of group 3 innate lymphoid cells that are involved and key in regulating intestinal immunity during aging.

Two-photon upconversion of 2D exciton was enhanced by 2440-fold in doubly-resonant nanocavity due to combined field localization and Purcell effect.

Engineered T cells kill leukemic cells with little off-target toxicity.

Entanglement was observed in top–antitop quark events by the ATLAS experiment produced at the Large Hadron Collider at CERN using a proton–proton collision dataset with a centre-of-mass energy of √s  = 13 TeV and an integrated luminosity of 140 fb⁻¹.

Codon 158 gain-of-function mutant p53 (158-mutp53) promotes tumourigenesis in lung cancer. Here, the authors show that 158-mutp53 render cancers sensitive to cisplatin and p53 acetylation agents through a mechanism where acetylated mutant p53 upregulates TRAIP and inhibits NF-ĸB signaling.

Isotopic analysis of basalt clasts returned from the Moon by the Chang’e-5 mission indicates that the rocks were derived from a mantle source that lacked potassium, rare-earth elements and phosphorus.

The ATLAS Collaboration reports a measurement of the ratio of the decay rates of W bosons to τ leptons and muons, in agreement with universal lepton couplings as postulated in the standard model of particle physics.

The ATLAS Collaboration reports the observation of the electroweak production of two jets and a Z-boson pair. This process is related to vector-boson scattering and allows the nature of electroweak symmetry breaking to be probed.

The measurement of the total cross-section of proton–proton collisions is of fundamental importance for particle physics. Here, the first measurement of the inelastic cross-section is presented for proton–proton collisions at an energy of 7 teraelectronvolts using the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider.

Interim analysis of a phase III clinical trial of HER2-positive gastric adenocarinoma shows pembrolizumab plus trastuzumab and chemotherapy improves response rates compared with trastuzumab and chemotherapy alone.

Maternal genome-wide analyses identify variants associated with gestational duration and preterm delivery. Maternal alleles positively associated with gestational duration exhibit negative fetal effects on birth weight, likely reflecting antagonistic pleiotropy.

The thymocyte development protein Tespa1 is known to translate T cell receptor signals by affecting the calcium signalling cascade, but it is not clear how. Here the authors show that Tespa1 recruits IP3R1 to the TCR signalling complex.

Jun Yang and colleagues perform targeted sequencing of NUDT15 and identify loss-of-function variants associated with thiopurine intolerance. Functionally, they show that NUDT15 inactivates thiopurine metabolites, providing a mechanism to explain the association between NUDT15 loss-of-function variants and thiopurine toxicity.

The ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider reports a search for charged-lepton-flavour violation in decays of Z bosons into a τ lepton and an electron or muon of opposite charge.

Quantum electrodynamics predicts a rare process in which light is scattered by light. The ATLAS Collaboration reports signs of this elusive effect in the collisions of ultra-relativistic lead ions.

Organic cation transporters are important drug transporters that influence therapeutic outcomes. Here, the authors find that these transporters are regulated by tyrosine phosphorylation and propose that tyrosine kinase inhibitors can influence drug transporter function through post-translational mechanisms.

T cell development has been a classical model for understanding cell fate regulation by epigenetics. Here the authors show that Cxxc1 controls thymocyte development mainly through regulating several key genes, such as Rorc, Zap70 and Cd8, which requires its H3K4me3 but not DNA methylation function.

Ten years after the discovery of the Higgs boson, the ATLAS  experiment at CERN probes its kinematic properties with a significantly larger dataset from 2015–2018 and provides further insights on its interaction with other known particles.

Interleukin 22 receptor 1 (IL-22R1) activity affects the development and course of disorders including psoriasis, ulcerative colitis, certain infections and tumours, without directly regulating immune cell function. Here, the authors describe the biology of IL-22 and highlight the therapeutic potential of modulating the activity of IL-22 and/or its receptor IL-22R1.

The cytoplasmic and nuclear steps of the Wnt signalling pathway are fairly well understood. New insights into how secreted Wnt ligands stimulate receptor-mediated signalling have shown an unexpected diversity of Wnt receptors and further complexity in cellular responses.

The diperpenoid adenanthin covalently modifies the resolving cysteine from peroxiredoxins to inhibit the reduction of hydrogen peroxide, a second messenger in cells, and thereby activates pathways that promote the differentiation of leukemia cells.

Micro (mi)RNAs are short, noncoding nucleotides that target and regulate messenger RNA at the post-transcriptional level. In this Review, Lorenzen and colleagues discuss the generation and function of miRNAs as well as their role in chronic kidney diseases such as diabetic nephropathy and hypertensive kidney disease. The potential of miRNA therapeutics for kidney diseases will also be discussed.

Although bladder-outlet obstruction (BOO) in women is an increasingly common problem, there are currently no accepted criteria used to define this type of bladder dysfunction. This review discusses the different symptoms associated with BOO in women and the role of urodynamic testing in diagnosis. Iatrogenic BOO following incontinence surgery is also discussed.

Radical cystectomy and urinary diversion is the gold-standard treatment for muscle-invasive and high-risk non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer. Ureteroenteric anastomotic stricture has a reported prevalence of up to 10%, and such strictures have serious consequences that can lead to loss of kidney function and infectious complications. Here, the authors discuss the pathophysiology, diagnosis, risk factors, and management of ureteroenteric anastomotic strictures and describe ways in which stricture risk can be minimized.

Stage IV gastric cancer is incurable and has a very poor prognosis. Although palliative chemotherapy remains the standard of care, increasing evidence indicates that palliative surgery can provide a prognostic and symptomatic benefit. This Perspectives summarizes the recent evidence underpinning the medical and surgical management of incurable gastric cancer, and provides evidence-based recommendations on treatment strategies and avenues for future research.

There is a major need for better therapies for many patients with heart failure, but late-stage clinical failures of several potential drugs have reduced the impetus of drug development in this field. Kaye and Krum review emerging agents and molecular targets for heart failure, and highlight key issues that need to be addressed to improve the chances of successfully developing new drugs.

Hypokalemia is a common electrolyte disorder, which in serious cases can be life threatening. In this Review, Unwin and colleagues provide an overview of the pathophysiology of hypokalemia and describe the distribution of potassium (K⁺) ions in the body and renal and extrarenal causes of K⁺loss. The authors also discuss the management of hypokalemia in clinical practice.