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Here the authors propose a self-homodyne fronthaul architecture, utilizing DA-RoF super channels and multicore fiber, paving the way for the Pb/s era in fronthaul transmission, enabling ultra-highspeed Internet access. The remarkable data speeds reaching 0.879 Pb/s and the 256-QAM format make it possible for 150,000 5G channels to be accessed simultaneously.

The sustainable use of organic aerogels is limited by their non-recyclability owing to the covalently-crosslinked networks that constitute their structures. Here, the authors report on the dynamic chemistry of hexahydrotriazine units to develop recyclable aerogels.

T cell development involves extensive proliferation of developing thymocytes. Here, the authors demonstrate that the transcription factor Zfp335 regulates the survival post-β-selection thymocytes via the cGAS/STING pathway.

Interpretable machine learning offers a powerful method for accelerating catalyst design. Here the authors report an interpretable descriptor model to unify activity and selectivity prediction for multiple electrocatalysis using only easily accessible intrinsic properties.

All-electrical switching of magnetization holds promise for applications in information technologies with low power consumption. Here, current-induced spin–orbit torque switches the magnetization in SrIrO₃/SrRuO₃ bilayer structures at 70 K in the absence of an external magnetic field.

Ferroptosis immunotherapy is promising for treating triple-negative breast cancer, but hindered by limited iron levels in tumor cells and a lack of specific immune responses. Here, the authors report a biohybrid system that enhances iron level by activating endogenous iron ions and replenishing exogenous iron ions and targets ferritin for synergistic ferroptosis immunotherapy.

The Macaque Biobank initiated by Zhang et al. provides a comprehensive genetic and phenotypic characterization of Chinese rhesus macaques (CRMs). This resource enhances our understanding of the genetic diversity of CRMs and holds potential for biomedical research.

Silicon solar cells with hybrid interdigitated back contacts have a power conversion efficiency approaching 95% of the theoretical limit and a fill factor approaching 98% of the theoretical limit.

Heterostructures of segmented semiconductor materials are difficult to produce by sequential epitaxial nucleation. Here, the authors report on the spontaneous formation of 1D heterostructures with numerous fluorescent stripe patterns following an assembly strategy based on Plateau-Rayleigh instability.

A large genome-wide association study of more than 5 million individuals reveals that 12,111 single-nucleotide polymorphisms account for nearly all the heritability of height attributable to common genetic variants.

Although the number of participants is important for phenotypic prediction accuracy in brain-wide association studies using functional MRI, scanning for at least 30 min offers the greatest cost effectiveness.

Catalytic multicomponent carbonylation reactions with high regio- and chemoselectivity represent one of the long-pursued goals in C1 chemistry. Here, the authors report a cobalt-catalyzed divergent radical alkene carbonylative functionalization under 1 atm of CO at 23 °C.

Solar-driven production of H₂O₂ and chemicals from O₂ and biomass is promising but hindered by inefficient photocatalysts. Here, the authors report composite photocatalysts of atomically dispersed Ta sites for broad-spectrum light absorption and selective biomass conversion in a three-phase system.

Supported noble metal nanoclusters and single-metal-sites catalysts are inclined to aggregate into particles. Here, the authors report a general method with CO and CH₃I to disperse the metal nanoparticles of Ru, Rh, Pd, Ag, Ir and Pt completely into single atoms with loading up to 5 wt%.

Metal-free versions of azide–alkyne cycloadditions could find widespread applications in biomedical contexts. Here, the authors report an assembly-driven, regioselective azide–alkyne cycloaddition.

Alpha-fetoprotein is a known biomarker for hepatocellular carcinoma. Here, the authors analyse differences between AFP positive and negative patients to identify alterations in androgen receptor signalling.

Design of hydrogen evolution catalysts needs to balance the hydrogen adsorption energy to facilitate easy adsorption and desorption. Here, the authors report a composite catalyst where hydrogen adsorption occurs on rhodium and desorbs from silicon which has a lower adsorption energy.

Two antibodies targeting the CεmX domain of membrane-bound IgE on human B lymphocytes are being developed to treat allergy. Here, the authors map the antigenic epitopes of the two antibodies and show that they bind to different conformations of the same peptide region.

A screen for protein degraders discovers hits by imaging cell survival.

Polynary perovskite oxides are promising air electrodes for rSOCs, with configuration entropy (S_config) often linked to reactivity. However, high S_config alone does not strongly correlate with performance. This study develops a model identifying key descriptors to guide high-activity oxide discovery.

Direct capture and conversion of CO₂ from the atmosphere is appealing to realize negative emissions but challenging due to the inherent low CO₂ concentration. Here, authors report a proof-of-concept hybrid electro-thermochemical device for direct CH₄ production from the air.

Although enols and enolates addition to unactivated alkynes is used for carbon-carbon bond modification a catalytic asymmetric alkyne with 1,3-dicarbonyl compound has been elusive. Here, the authors achieve this using the synergistic activation of chiral N,N′-dioxide-indium(III) or nickel(II) Lewis acid and achiral gold(I) π-acid.”

Alkene isomerizations and asymmetric C–H functionalizations have been independently studied, but their combination in one protocol is uncommon. Here the authors show a palladium-catalyzed method to iteratively “walk” a terminal alkene along a carbon chain to a position next to styrenes where a soft nucleophile is added asymmetrically.

While the STING-type-I interferon pathway plays a key role in anti-tumour immunity, current direct STING agonists have limited therapeutic benefit. Here, the authors identify ENPP1 as a safer and more effective STING-modulating target than direct STING agonism, and use an AI-based drug design platform to design the ENPP1-selective inhibitor ISM5939.

Lo and colleagues report that double-positive thymocytes from neonates express less Zap70 and show reduced Ca^2⁺/NFAT signaling compared to double-positive thymocytes from older thymi. This diminished Ca^2⁺ signaling alters negative selection for self-reactive TCRs, resulting in a cell-intrinsic temporal window for regulatory T versus conventional T cell development in the thymus.

This study demonstrated that different types of HC-Pros from potyviruses exhibit varying capacities to inhibit HEN1. This results in distinct levels of autophagic AGO1 degradation, which in turn leads to differences in RNA silencing suppression efficiency.

Nickel-based electrocatalysts for hydrogen oxidation in anion exchange membrane fuel cells face stability issues. Here the authors report Ni₄Mo/TiO₂ catalyst with significantly improved stability, owing to the efficient charge transfer from TiO₂ to Ni.

The oxygen evolution reaction is central to electrochemistry, yet how its intermediates contribute to overpotential is unclear. Here, the authors use a multi-component forced-convection mass-spectrometry system to label adsorbed oxygen and reveal its conversion through product fractionation.

While photoredox catalysis provides organic chemistry new avenues for chemical reactions, typical photocatalysts require expensive noble metals and show modest stabilities. Here, authors examine lead halide perovskites nanocrystals as stable and tunable photoredox catalysts for organic synthesis.

Huang et al. show that ADAM9 loss upregulates PAI-1, promoting its interaction with KRAS and resulting in selective lysosomal degradation of KRAS. They also identify a small-molecule inhibitor of ADAM9 with therapeutic benefits in the context of PDAC.

Post-translational modifications regulate tumorigenesis and cancer therapy sensitivity. Here, the authors show that N-glycosylation defective Interleukin-6 (deNG-IL6) switches downstream signalling pathway from JAK-STAT3 to SRC-YAP axis and lung cancer cells secrete deNG-IL6 to promote metastasis and tyrosine kinase inhibitor resistance.

Electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction is promising for ammonia production, but electrocatalysts are limited by low efficiency and high cost. Here, the authors report electron-deficient copper nanoparticles, induced by rectifying contact with polyimide, for selective reduction of nitrogen to ammonia.

The asymmetric dearomatization photocatalysis of unactivated arenes remains challenging and rare. Herein the authors demonstrate an enzyme‐mimicking cage‐confined visible‐light asymmetric photocatalysis method for intramolecular dearomative cycloaddition with electron‐deficient β‐aryl enones.

The graphene aerogel (GA) cathode has unique properties with a hierarchically porous structure that facilitates electrolyte permeation and oxygen diffusion, three-dimensional network structures that can enable easy electron transfer through GA, high specific surface area that offers abundant active sites for electrochemical reaction and an ultra-large pore volume that can accommodate plenty of discharge products. Ru nanoparticles supported on graphene sheets also has superior catalytic activity toward oxygen evolution reaction and can efficiently catalyze the decomposition of the discharge product Li₂O₂.

Coordinating protein translation with energy supply is a significant challenge faced by cells. Here, the authors found that the protein quality control network may provide a link between the two.

Gas-based therapy is an emerging therapeutic option for cancer treatment. Here the authors design a virus-mimicking hollow mesoporous tetrasulfide-doped organosilica for co-encapsulation of an aggregation-induced emission (AIE)-active luminogen and manganese carbonyl to fabricate a STING activating gas nano-adjuvant for photo-immunotherapy, promoting anti-tumor immune response in preclinical models.

Anion exchange membrane water electrolysers have potential cost advantages over proton exchange membrane electrolysers, but their performance has lagged behind. Here the authors investigate the cause of the poor performance of anion exchange membrane electrolysers and design ionomers that can overcome some of the challenges.

Chondritic meteorites formed in the early solar system and may tell us about primary processes at that time. Here, Zhang et al. report an absolute ²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁶Pb isochron age (4,450±50 Ma) of apatite from a carbonaceous chondrite constraining timing of fluid activity in meteorites.

A deep generative model is developed for de novo molecular design and optimization by leveraging electron density. Wet-laboratory assays validated its reliability to generate diverse bioactive molecules—orthosteric and allosteric, inhibitors and activators.

High-entropy nanocarbides (HENCs) containing 5–22 metal elements are synthesized through a nanoconfined impulse synthetic strategy enabled by Joule heating-induced in situ reactions in carbon nanotube films. These HENCs exhibit multi-element effects and enhanced electrocatalytic activities due to their nanoscale size and modified catalytic sites.

While noble metals can be active electrocatalysts for producing renewable H₂, there are relatively few works examining osmium materials. Here, the authors prepare boron-doped osmium aerogels for H₂ evolution electrocatalysis plus examine the mechanism using computational and in situ characterization.

PMAK integrates pre-trained enzyme and reaction representations with residue-aware attention to improve kcat prediction, demonstrating robust generalization under warm- and cold-start settings and highlighting the value of full reaction context for unseen enzymes.

Mesothelin (MSLN)-targeted therapeutic strategy has potential in cancer therapy. Here this group identifies a MSLN-targeting DARPin M7 with specific binding affinity to the protease-sensitive C-terminal region of MSLN, the developed DARPin-drug conjugates demonstrate enhanced tumor control and improved survival benefits in preclinical pancreatic cancer models.

The authors demonstrate all-spin synapses and neurons using domain wall-magnetic tunnel junctions, utilizing synergistic spin-orbit torque and Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction. The intrinsic linearity is required for compact and energy-efficient bio-inspired hardware for neuromorphic computing.

Competition between inter- and intra-molecular interactions is a commonly observed property of modular signalling proteins. Here, the authors show that in the phosphatase Shp2, this balance is maintained by a trade-off between binding site affinities and conformational stability.

Interface confined reactions are a viable strategy for achieving stable and selective catalysts. Here, the authors demonstrate that 1T'-enriched lithiated MoS₂ can reduce metal ions in situ, forming zero valent platinum nanoparticle-intercalated MoS₂, with enhanced hydrogen evolution activity.

Subcellular Zn²⁺ compartmentalisation is essential for cell biology. Here the authors make a turn-on fluorescent Zn²⁺ probe that localises to multiple organelles, and correlate its location using organelle morphology derived from structured illumination microscopy.