Search

Marco Tartaglia and colleagues report the identification of mutations of SHOC2 in individuals with Noonan-like syndrome with loose anagen hair. The mutations cause aberrantly acquired N-myristoylation of SHOC2 resulting in aberrant targeting of SHOC2 to the plasma membrane. SHOC2 is believed to function as a scaffold linking RAS to downstream signal transducers.

Analysis combining multiple global tree databases reveals that whether a location is invaded by non-native tree species depends on anthropogenic factors, but the severity of the invasion depends on the native species diversity.

A single-phase chromium–molybdenum–silicon alloy is described that exhibits compression ductility at room temperature as well as resistance to oxidation, pesting, nitridation and scale spallation at temperatures up to at least 1,100 °C.

Augmin is essential for microtubule nucleation during cell division. This study reveals how the conserved calponin homology domain of the augmin subunit HAUS6 binds to microtubules to orient augmin for microtubule branching.

Friction consolidation transforms brittle Sm–Co powders into dense magnets via shear-driven redox reactions and localized heating, enabling phase-selective refinement and enhanced magnetization in a single-step, low-temperature process.

The authors report Acheulean hominin occupation of eastern Britain during glacial marine isotope stages 17–16 and again in glacial marine isotope stage 12 via stone tools in sediments dated to 712,000 to 424,000 years ago.

Using historical aerial photographs and new bed topography data, accelerating changes on Kennicott and Root Glaciers, Alaska since 1938 are documented. These observations inform projections showing 38–63% mass loss by 2100, depending on future climate.

The authors highlight inconsistencies and divergencies in the literature reporting data on indirect calorimetry for studies on whole-body energy homeostasis, and propose harmonization of standards to facilitate data comparison and interpretation across different datasets.

Management of autoimmune neuropathies has remained unchanged for much of the past 30 years, but recent advances are changing the rate of progress. In this Review, the authors summarize the latest developments, including discoveries in disease mechanisms, new diagnostic guidelines, identification of new biomarkers and the status of promising clinical trials.

In this Protocol, three dual adeno-associated viral strategies for delivery of large transgenes are presented—by reconstitution at the genomic, transcript or protein level—together with instructions for the design, production and evaluation of dual adeno-associated viral vectors.

Baculoviruses are large DNA virus widely used as biotechnological tools. Here, authors present the complete cryoEM structure of a circulating nucleocapsid, including the DNA packaging and exiting hub termed the apical cap.

Cas9 remains bound to DNA after cleavage and its removal is required for DNA double-strand break repair. Here, the authors show that the HLTF translocase disrupts the Cas9- DNA post-cleavage complexes in a process that requires the HLTF HIRAN domain and ATPase activity.

Tiny Fe-Ni metal blebs from lunar basaltic magma exhibit astonishing nutshell-like microstructures and geochemical features tracing with unprecedented details the full thermal history of shocked lunar meteorites.

Magnetic resonance imaging of swollen tendons suggests that the elasticity and stress relaxation of extracellular matrix depend on electrostatic repulsions between proteoglycans rather than on hydration-associated changes.

The ATLAS Collaboration reports the observation of the electroweak production of two jets and a Z-boson pair. This process is related to vector-boson scattering and allows the nature of electroweak symmetry breaking to be probed.

A high-throughput screen of substances generally recognized as safe identifies species-specific materials that stabilize live microbial therapeutics as powders, making them robust to pharmaceutical manufacturing workflows.

Liquids near a solid surface form an interfacial layer where the molecular structure is different from the bulk. Here the authors report atomic resolution three-dimensional images of electrolyte solutions that demonstrate the existence of three types of interfacial structures as a function of concentration.

Argonaute protein is loaded with small RNA and scans long stretch of sequences to find complementary target sites. Here, using single-molecule FRET and kinetic modelling, the authors showed that prokaryotic Argonaute protein binds target DNA loosely and slides along the DNA during target search.

The connection between classical neural networks and Gaussian processes is a fundamental result in machine learning. It has now been shown that many quantum neural networks converge to Gaussian processes, enabling their use for regression tasks.

In a first global analysis, researchers find that sandy shores are severely squeezed between human infrastructure and the rising sea, as on average, the first road or building is currently situated at just 390 meters distance from the shoreline.

‘Gasdermin-mediated pyroptosis can induce anti-tumor immune responses. Here the authors report a toolbox of gasdermin D variants for induction of pyroptosis, showing that, when combined with intratumoral expression of cytokines (IL-1β, IL-12, or IL-18), anti-tumor immune responses in preclinical models are enhanced.

Genomic analysis of Plasmodium DNA from 36 ancient individuals provides insight into the global distribution and spread of malaria-causing species during around 5,500 years of human history.

Application of a nanopore sequencing workflow for real-time analysis of brain tumors results in molecular classification within a 30-minute intraoperative window, followed by comprehensive profiling within 24 hours.

Here the authors characterise the cellular and molecular progression of lung alveolar damage in severe COVID-19 patients using integrated histopathology and cell atlassing, pinpointing a role for macrophage SPP1 signalling to vasculature in this process.

The CMS Collaboration reports evidence for off-shell Higgs boson contributions in the production of Z boson pairs, and measures the width of the Higgs boson, which is inversely related to its lifetime.

The tripartite multidrug efflux system MexAB-OprM is a major actor in Pseudomonas aeruginosa antibiotic resistance by exporting a large variety of antimicrobial compounds. Here authors present cryo-EM structures of MexB at various stages of the assembly process and provide evidence that MexB activation is mediated by OprM and MexA.

In mouse and nonhuman primate models, treatment with selective, long-acting neurokinin 2 receptor agonists aids weight loss by suppressing appetite and increasing energy expenditure, as well as by increasing insulin sensitivity.

Filaments of the FtsZ protein can form chiral assemblies. Now, active matter tools link the microscopic structure of active filaments to the large-scale collective phase of these assemblies.

A genome-wide association study including over 76,000 individuals with schizophrenia and over 243,000 control individuals identifies common variant associations at 287 genomic loci, and further fine-mapping analyses highlight the importance of genes involved in synaptic processes.

Flow cytometry is often hindered by undesired fluctuations in fluorescence intensity. Here, the authors propose high-throughput fluorescence lifetime imaging flow cytometry, which enables imaging at a rate of over 10,000 cells per second and, therefore, enhances the capabilities of cellular analysis.

Images collected during NASA’s DART mission of the asteroid Didymos and its moon, Dimorphos, are used to explore the origin and evolution of the binary system. Authors analysis indicate that both asteroids are weak rubble piles and that Didymos’ surface should be about 40 to 130 times older than Dimorphos.

New study reveals previously hidden landslide processes using distributed fiber optic sensing with nanostrain-rate sensitivity. The evolution of a slow-moving landslide during rainfall is captured with high spatiotemporal resolution.

Sand spikes, sandstone bodies that have been enigmatic for nearly two centuries, represent a new type of seismite and a promising tool to identify strong impact-induced or tectonic paleo-earthquakes and their source regions in the geologic record.

Reconstruction of debris flows in a supply-limited system shows that process activity is controlled by sediment supply over multi-decadal to centennial timescales. Debris flows recur less frequently here and are, unlike transport-limited systems, not affected by climate change.

Mohanakrishnan et al. identify a distinct subset of post-arterial capillaries, termed type R. They show that type R capillaries contribute to trabecular bone formation in the diaphysis and respond to anti-osteoporosis treatments.

TCF1⁺ progenitor-exhausted CD8⁺ T cell populations mediate durable antitumor immunity. Upon antigenic stimulation, effector T cells upregulate aerobic glycolysis to support their cytotoxic phenotype. Here, Mittal and colleagues find that loss of metabolic regulator PKM2 enriches for TCF1⁺ progenitor-exhausted-like cells and improves responsiveness to PD-1 blockade.

Structures of three cyanophycin synthetases reveal how the constituent glutathione synthetase and muramyl ligase-like domains cooperate to make cyanophycin, a poly-aspartate chain with arginine residues attached to the sidechains by isopeptide bonds.

Single-nucleus RNA sequencing of human visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissues is used to identify adipocyte subpopulations and explore their developmental trajectories and interactions.