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Whether there are conserved nucleic acid (NA) binding proteins across species is not fully known. Using data from human, mouse and fly, the authors identify common binders, implicate TAOKs and show that these kinases bind NAs across species and promote virus defence in mammalian cells.

The Einstein Probe has discovered a fast X-ray transient, EP240414a, associated with a broad-lined type Ic supernova. Its unusually soft spectrum and weak jet add to the diversity of stellar deaths and suggest a previously unknown Wolf–Rayet star explosion mechanism.

Nuclear biomolecular condensates are functional sub-compartments within the cell nucleus. Here, the authors develop a synthetic DNA protonucleus that enables RNA transcription and condensation into diverse nuclear patterns, revealing insights into phase separation in nucleus-mimetic environments.

A super-pangenome analysis incorporating 123 newly sequenced bryophyte genomes reveals that bryophytes exhibit a larger number of unique and lineage-specific gene families than vascular plants.

The developmental origin of behavioral individuality is unclear. The authors show that a temporal sequence of genetically encoded stochastic mechanisms explains variation in stereotyped neuronal circuits.

In this work, authors study a molecular signature in STING protein that is critical for distinguishing activation from inhibition and demonstrates therapeutic potential in correcting STING-related mutations in autoimmune conditions like STING-Associated Vasculopathy with onset in Infancy (SAVI).

This study reports the development and preclinical evaluation of a humanized citrullinated histone H3 (CitH3) monoclonal antibody that mitigates inflammation, restores macrophage function, and protects against sepsis-induced pulmonary injury.

Bacteria tend to live in thin layers of water on surfaces. Now the capillary forces in these layers are shown to help organize the bacteria into dense packs.

Ferrimagnetic Gd₄₄Co₅₆ near the compensation temperature enables domain wall motion with a speed of 1.3 km s^–1 and room temperature skyrmions with diameters close to 10 nm.

The Mass Spectrometry Query Language (MassQL) is an open-source language that enables instrument-independent searching across mass spectrometry data for complex patterns of interest via concise and expressive queries without the need for programming skills.

So-called two-dimensional superconductivity has been reported in several material systems but just how thin a system can be and maintain a superconducting state has been difficult to determine. Da Jiang and colleagues demonstrate that Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+xcontinues to be superconducting even when it is just half a unit cell thick.

This study identifies TriDTCs as a family of terpene cyclases responsible for harzianol I and wickerol A biosynthesis in Trichoderma fungi and are found to regulate Trichoderma’s chlamydospore and Aspergillus oryzae’s sclerotia formation through producing harzianol I.

Insulator-to-metal transitions induced by spontaneous magnetization above room temperature have rarely been observed. Here, the authors show that this transition, along with concurrent high-temperature ferrimagnetic order, is realized in the novel 3d/5d hybridized quadruple perovskite oxide CaCu₃Ni₂Os₂O₁₂.

The catalytic mechanism of [Fe]-hydrogenases is not well understood. Now a signal-enhanced nuclear magnetic resonance method based on parahydrogen is introduced to study [Fe]-hydrogenase under turnover conditions in situ, revealing intermediates of the catalytic cycle.

This study maps the single-axon projections of 7,180 hypothalamic peptidergic neurons in male mice and uncovers extensive collateralization, topographic target innervation and modular intra-hypothalamic organization.

Utilizing the Marangoni effect, miniaturized machineries can be endowed with self-propulsion. Here, the authors report high-performance Marangoni hydrogel rotors with asymmetric porosity and drag reduction profile and demonstrate multiple potential functionalities.

This study analyses radio observations of the jet in galaxy M87, from which the existence of a spinning black hole that induces Lense–Thirring precession of a misaligned accretion disk is inferred.

Northern China contains some of the world’s earliest farming societies. Here, authors use 55 ancient genomes to trace the genetic history of human migrations across northern China for the last 7500 years, and document genetic changes mirroring shifts in subsistence strategy.

Combining frequency combs and plasmonics promises highly precise timing and frequency standards in nanoscale devices. Here, the authors experimentally transfer a frequency comb to surface plasmons and then return it to its original comb form with little degradation.

Systematic analysis from the Global Burden of Disease study reported that, despite global improvements from 1990 to 2021, dietary iron deficiency-associated disease burden remains high in women, children and residents in low socio-demographic index countries.

Literature produced inconsistent findings regarding the links between extreme weather events and climate policy support across regions, populations and events. This global study offers a holistic assessment of these relationships and highlights the role of subjective attribution.

One of the key challenges in dielectric ceramics for energy storage lies in the comprehensive optimization of their properties. Here, the authors establish an equitable system considering performance and structure evolution in a lead-free ceramic capacitor, achieving a broad-high temperature performance.

A deep learning and data-driven modelling study finds that microbial carbon use efficiency is a major determinant of soil organic carbon storage and its spatial variation across the globe.

Observation of a high-pressure insulating state in cuprate superconductors provides a fresh challenge for understanding the mechanism of superconductivity in these materials.

Closely related plant species can have drastically different abundances of transposable elements. Now it is shown that the genome of Arabis alpina has experienced a striking expansion of retrotransposons, probably shaped by reduced DNA methylation.

The synthesis of crystalline two-dimensional conjugated polymers linked by C = C bonds is highly desirable for applications ranging from membranes to electronics. In this study, the authors present a strategy for producing crystalline two-dimensional conjugated polymers films with tunable thickness and large lateral dimensions, enabling stable and efficient ion-selective transport.

Graphene sheets used to build electronic devices have defects that limit performance. As a possible bottom-up route towards better devices, Diez-Perez and co-workers build large polyaromatic molecules with precisely defined structures which show good performance as field-effect transistors.

Plasmonic resonances in nanoparticle helices arranged by the DNA origami method can give rise to strong circular dichroism at visible wavelengths. Schreiber et al. show that aligning and then toggling the orientation of such nanoparticle helices enables reversible switching of the dichroic response.

By employing the nanoconfinement in the mesophase formed by conventional lipids, cryo-enzymatic reactions are performed in subzero liquid water.

The death of massive stars has traditionally been discovered by explosive events in the gamma-ray band. Liu et al. show that the sensitive wide-field monitor on board Einstein Probe can reveal a weak soft-X-ray signal much earlier than gamma rays.

Super-enhancers (SEs) drive specific gene expression programmes underlying different cancer cell states offering opportunities for therapeutic targeting. Here, the authors suggest targeting SE-dependent genes with synthetic ecteinascidins in tumors with heterogeneous transcriptional landscapes.

Comprehensive modeling analysis reveals significant differences in the source contribution of PM_2.5-related mortality and CO₂ emissions in China, highlighting the need for a balanced approach to synergistic control.

The dark septate endophytes prefer extreme conditions. Here, Li et al. show that diploidization-driven heterosis confers a fitness advantage to Laburnicola rhizohalophila under abiotic stresses.

The authors summarize the data produced by phase III of the Encyclopedia of DNA Elements (ENCODE) project, a resource for better understanding of the human and mouse genomes.

Estimates from the Global Dietary Database indicated that 2.2 million new type 2 diabetes and 1.2 million new cardiovascular disease cases were attributable to sugar-sweetened beverages worldwide in 2020, with the highest burdens in sub-Saharan Africa, Latin America and the Caribbean.

Large-scale OMICs investigations of biological systems can be used to predict functional relationships between compounds, genes and proteins. Here, the authors develop a deep learning-based approach that significantly increases the number of high-quality compound-target predictions relative to existing methods.

A multilayer-stacked two-dimensional polyaniline crystal shows high electrical conductivity and unique out-of-plane metallic transport behaviour, indicating potential for strong electronic coupling beyond in-plane interactions and three-dimensional metallic conductivity.

Host preferences of commensal bacteria in the root microbiota are revealed using systematic analyses of synthetic bacterial communities in a gnotobiotic system.

A search for transient dark matter in the form of domain walls of axion-like particles finds no statistically significant signal. This places constraints on our theoretical understanding of such scenarios.