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Previous work has shown the detection of quantum turbulence with mechanical resonators but with limited spatial and temporal resolution. Here, the authors demonstrate real-time detection of single quantum vortices in superfluid ⁴He with millisecond and micron resolution at temperatures of 10 millikelvin.

Chirality affects many properties of materials, but how it affects superconductivity remains unclear. Here, Qinet al. report nonreciprocal supercurrent flows in individual nanotubes of WS₂via ionic gating, evidencing chiral superconducting transport.

Laser-based time transfer with near quantum-limited acquisition and timing is demonstrated that can support femtosecond precision over 102 dB link loss, more than sufficient for future time transfer to geosynchronous orbits for future optical clock networks.

The charge states in distant quantum dots can be coupled through an intermediate state in a third quantum dot.

Budding yeast use multilayered regulation by Ait1, Gcn2, and the SEAC/GATOR complex to control TORC1 activity. This circuit design ensures that cells can adapt to low-quality nitrogen sources or shut down growth during starvation.

Gram-negative bacteria use a multiprotein complex, LptB₂FGC, to transport lipopolysaccharides (LPS) to the outer membrane. Here, Fiorentino et al. present cryo-EM structures of the complex from Pseudomonas aeruginosa, revealing species-specific features and providing insights into LPS transport mechanisms.

Plastic foams are widely used across industry, but petroleum-based materials are unfavorable. Here the authors report a cellulose-based molecular foam for thermal management as an environmentally friendly alternative.

A family of bis(terpyridine)-metal-functionalized lead halide frameworks is synthesized with both near-infrared absorption and charge-polarized sites, demonstrating efficient near-infrared-driven CO₂ photoreduction to C₂ hydrocarbon products.

Rydberg atoms are appealing for sensing, atomic and quantum information studies, if they can be suitably integrated with optical devices. Towards this end, Epple et al. show that caesium-filled kagome-lattice hollow-core photonic crystal fibres provide a platform for fibre-based spectroscopy of Rydberg states.

RNA-binding protein TDP-43 contains a region forming a dynamic α-helical multimer that accounts for its functional role, evolutionary conservation, and disruption in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, making for a possible therapeutic target.

Borosins are ribosomally encoded and posttranslationally modified peptide (RiPP) natural products featuring amide-backbone α-N-methylation. Here, the authors report the discovery and characterization of type IV borosin ‘split’ pathways encoding distinct, separate α-N-methyltransferases and precursor peptide substrates.

Dinoflagellates and cyanobacteria produce saxitoxin (STX) congeners that block voltage-gated sodium channels. Here authors show how amphibians may sequester STX congeners using a ‘lock and key’ mode, expanding the understanding of toxic sponge action.

The ability to imprint phase shifts on light lie at the basis of several classical and quantum light-based information processing primitives. Here, the authors demonstrate the phase shift of an optical field by a single quantum emitter in a waveguide, at the single photon level.

This work identifies the key electron-transfer limitation in electrocatalytic contaminant removal and delivers a dual-function strategy that boosts efficiency by combining molecular enrichment with precisely controlled charging-discharging.

Continuous shape morphing for small robots can offer advantages, but it is difficult to perform tasks if they are not stiff enough. Xu et al. present here a design combining liquid crystal elastomers and shape memory polymers to lock morphable elements in place.

Previous transport studies of graphite in strong magnetic fields have found a sequence of phase transitions with a still unresolved microscopic origin. Here the authors present ultrasound measurements enabling sharper resolution and demonstrating the thermodynamic nature of these transitions.

Endowing composite materials with spatially discrete mechanical behaviours is possible by varying the internal concentration and arrangement of particles. Here, the authors demonstrate a 3D magnetic printing technique which enables the fabrication of materials with intricate internal designs.

Atomic clocks are increasingly important for many applications in scientific research and technology. Here, Nicholson et al. present a series of developments allowing them to achieve a new record in atomic clock performance, with a systematic uncertainty of just 2.1 × 10⁻¹⁸ for their ⁸⁷Sr atomic clock.

In an effort to deorphanize G-protein-coupled receptors, a photo-cross-linking platform was established to capture ligands from complex samples. Little-LEN was identified as a ligand for GPR50, which coordinately regulates body metabolism.

The authors study epitaxial thin films of the pyrochlore-sublattice compound LiTi2O4 by RIXS and ARPES. They observe cooperation between strong electron correlations and strong electron-phonon coupling, giving rise to a mobile polaronic ground state in which charge motion and lattice distortions are coupled.

Scanning dielectric microscopy of nanocapillaries filled with water reveals that interfacial and strongly confined water exhibits a large in-plane dielectric constant and an in-plane conductivity approaching superionic values. 

Polycrystalline thin films of elemental bismuth exhibit a room-temperature nonlinear transverse voltage due to geometric effects of surface electrons that is tunable and can be extended to efficient high-harmonic generation at terahertz frequencies.

Diving deep into material insights, the authors introduce the ‘Decoupled Optical Force Nanoscopy’. This innovation uncovers the physical origins of light induced forces and captures dynamic thermal details with unparalleled nanometer precision.

The coupling of magnetism and ferroelectricity is of relevance for applications such as sensing, but occurs only rarely in bulk materials. The large magnetically induced ferroelectric polarization observed here in CaMn₇O₁₂establishes a new approach to achieve a strong magnetoelectric coupling.

The early genetic evolution of uveal melanoma (UM) remains poorly understood. Here, the authors perform genetic profiling of 1140 primary UMs, including 131 small early-stage tumours, finding that most genetic driver aberrations have occurred by the time small tumours are biopsied; in addition, the15-gene expression profile discriminant score can predict the transition from low- to high-risk tumours.

Hole spin semiconductor qubits suffer from charge noise, but now it has been demonstrated that placing them in an appropriately oriented magnetic field can suppress this noise and improve qubit performance.

Spectral modulation of a broadband pump beam allows sensitive and specific molecular imaging based on stimulated Raman scattering. Measurements of cholesterol, protein, and stearic and oleic acid are reported.

Although optomechanics enables precision metrology, measurements beyond mechanical properties often require hybrid devices. Here, Kim et al. demonstrate that a ferromagnetic needle integrated with a torsional resonator can determine the magnetic properties and amplify or cool the resonator motion.

Tuning the structure in the atomic scale enables manipulation of the quantum state in a molecular based system. Here, Hiraokaet al. tune the Kondo coupling between molecular spins and the Au electrode by controlling the position of Fe²⁺ions in the molecular cage with a tip.

In general, heating increases disorder and leads to the loss of magnetism in condensed matter. Here, the authors demonstrate that a normal metal can be magnetized by applying a temperature gradient during non-uniform heating when attached to a magnetic insulator.

A Fourier-transform waveguide spectrometer is demonstrated by using HgTe-quantum-dot-based photoconductors with a spectral response up to a wavelength of 2 μm. The spectral resolution is 50 cm^–1. The total active spectrometer volume is below 100 μm × 100 μm × 100 μm.

A self-referenced optical frequency comb with digital electronics is used for real-time attosecond control of the comb’s pulse train, and can be used in quantum-limited sensing.

In eukaryotes, DNA replication depends on loading the ring-shaped helicase, Mcm2–7 onto double-stranded DNA and subsequent activation by GINS–Cdc45. Using single-particle EM reconstructions, the Mcm2–7 forms ring hexamers that are open between Mcm2 and Mcm5. When present, GINS and Cdc45 both seal off this gap. In the presence of a non-hydrolyzable ATP analog, two pores are formed. In this way, the complex could promote duplex opening and then segregate the two strands by partitioning them into the two pores.

Here the authors show that alternative splicing of yeast HEH1 precursor mRNA with competing 5’ splice sites requires optimum decoding of the two sites by U5 and U6 snRNAs, supported by specific proteins of B and Bact spliceosomes, implying that closely spaced sites are used for alternative splicing in the core spliceosome.

An improved ligand-exchange process allows the realization of solution-deposited films of quantum dots with reduced energetic disorder and, as a result, solar cells with improved open-circuit voltage, charge-carrier transport and stability.

Magnetometers based on organic magnetoresistance are limited by narrow sensitivity ranges, degradation and temperature fluctuations. Bakeret al. demonstrate a magnetic resonance-based organic thin film magnetometer, which overcomes these drawbacks by exploiting the metrological nature of magnetic resonance.

Conventional spectroscopic techniques are not sufficiently selective to follow the dynamics of trapped carriers in working perovskite solar cells. Here, authors use infrared optical activation spectroscopy to observe real time evolution of trapped carriers and compare the behaviour of trapped holes.

Free, or solvated, electrons in a solution are known to form at the interface between a liquid and a gas. Here, the authors use absorption spectroscopy in a total internal reflection geometry to probe solvated electrons generated at a plasma in contact with the surface of an aqueous solution

Interfacial charge transfer states are believed to have an important role in the performance of organic solar cells. Bernardo et al.show that delocalization achieved through local fullerene order is critical to achieving long-range charge separation from these otherwise tightly bound states.

The electron-phonon interaction in gold and silver is weak, which leads to both their high conductivity and lack of conventional superconductivity. Here, Kumbhakar and coauthors find, using point contact spectroscopy, that the electron-phonon interaction in a nanostructured gold-silver film can be enhanced by over two orders of magnitude compared to the constituent elements.

In the CheckMate 7FL trial, neoadjuvant nivolumab and chemotherapy in patients with newly diagnosed, high-risk estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer led to an increased pathological complete response rate compared with neoadjuvant chemotherapy alone, and this increase was associated with immune-related biomarkers and estrogen receptor expression.

This study demonstrates that the fastest astrophysical jets are locked to a fixed axis, whereas slower jets can precess or wobble. The findings imply that the most relativistic jets are tied to the spin axis of the black hole that launched them.