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Primary angle-closure glaucoma is a leading cause of blindness. Here, the authors identify rare deleterious variants in UBOX5 as risk factors and implicate BIP ubiquitination as a potential disease mechanism.

Relatively few lncRNAs have been shown to regulate animal behavior. Here, Saha et al. use mouse genetic methods to show that the lncRNA Pnky can underlie specific mouse behavior by functioning in trans.

A global network of researchers was formed to investigate the role of human genetics in SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 severity; this paper reports 13 genome-wide significant loci and potentially actionable mechanisms in response to infection.

Here, the authors clarify the architecture of genetic risk on chromosome X in three male-biased psychiatric disorders. Leveraging this information they identify an exome-wide significant autism risk gene, MAGEC3, and provide a path forward for future gene discovery on this chromosome.

The notochord is an essential hallmark of the chordate phylum. Here, Negrón-Piñeiro et al. study the notochord gene regulatory network in Ciona, and their findings illustrate how notochord transcription factors are coordinated by Brachyury and Foxa2.

A major goal in synthetic development is to build gene regulatory circuits that control patterning. Here the authors discover that elevated cell density dampens SynNotch signaling, enabling the design of density-dependent synNotch patterning circuits where multicellular patterning outcomes are programmed by controlled cell proliferation in time and space.

Genomic deletions in poxviruses are not well understood, the authors found large deletions in >2% of Mpox virus genomes during routine surveillance, highlighting their role in poxvirus evolution and potential impact on diagnostics and therapeutics.

Human NPCs show promise for stroke treatment, but challenges remain in neuron diversity and maturation time. Here, the authors describe the generation of FOXG1 progenitors from iPSCs that quickly mature into functional cortical neurons, enhancing stroke recovery in rats.

Two-qubit operations exceeding 99% fidelity have been demonstrated by silicon devices made with standard semiconductor tooling in a 300-mm foundry environment.

Cervix and breast carcinomas are highly heterogeneous in their mechanical properties across scales. This heterogeneity provides the tumour with stability and room for cell motility.

In mice, prolonged consumption of a high-fat diet decreases interest in calorie-rich foods as a result of reduced neurotensin expression and signalling, which uncouples hedonic feeding behaviour linked to neurons projecting from lateral nucleus accumbens to ventral tegmental area.

Hospital treatment for children with severe malnutrition may facilitate antibiotic resistance. Here, using rectal swabs from 1,371 children receiving treatment for severe acute malnutrition in Niger, the authors identify high rates of bacteria carrying carbapenemase genes, highlighting the urgent need to prioritize infection control.

Arboviruses transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes have an expanding global distribution and identifying areas at risk is important for public health planning. Here, the authors present global disease maps for dengue, chikungunya, Zika and yellow fever through a multi-disease ecological niche modelling approach.

The ‘invariant rate of ageing’ hypothesis suggests that the rate of ageing tends to be constant within species. Here, Colchero et al. find support for the hypothesis across primates, including humans, suggesting biological constraints on the rate of ageing.

A consensus cell type atlas for the fly brain provides both an intellectual framework and open-source toolchains for brain-scale comparative connectomics.

The degree of irreversibility of a dynamical system is commonly characterized by the total rate of entropy production. Seara et al. introduce a measure that quantifies irreversibility from data in broad classes of spatiotemporal non-equilibrium systems.

Trapped ions are promising for electrometry but limited by their weak intrinsic spin coupling to electric fields. Now it is shown that using a magnetic field gradient enhances sensitivity and enables precise measurements across subhertz to kilohertz frequencies.

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have improved our understanding of the genetic basis of lung adenocarcinoma but known susceptibility variants explain only a small fraction of the familial risk. Here, the authors perform a two-stage GWAS and report 12 novel genetic loci associated with lung adenocarcinoma in East Asians.

Many challenging problems in science and engineering rely on the study of dynamical systems that evolve continuously in time, and yet this feature proves difficult to be captured reliably using modern machine learning (ML) models. This paper develops a convergence test based on numerical analysis and illustrates how this methodology can be combined with existing ML techniques to validate models for science and engineering applications.

Altered function of the muscle LIM protein (MLP) causes dilated cardiomyopathy in mice and humans. Lange et al. explain the molecular role of MLP in the heart by showing that it affects the signalling complex at the intercalated discs of failing hearts that consists of PKCα, PLCβ1 and CARP by inhibiting PKCα auto-phosphorylation and function.

BRCA1 and BRCA2 are well known breast cancer predisposition genes, however, many variants have not yet been classified for their pathogenicity. Here, the authors analyse a large combined cohort to provide evidence of variant pathogenicity.

Controlled manipulation of particles from very large volumes of fluid at high throughput is critical for many real-world applications. Here, the authors show bioparticle focusing in a microchannel for a previously unattained regime of inertio-elastic flow at Reynolds numbers up to 10,000.

Disordered hyperuniformity implies a hidden order on length scales that can be found in various amorphous materials. Klatt et al. analyse the evolution of random point patterns using Llyod’s algorithm and show that they converge to an effectively hyperuniform state regardless of the initial conditions.

Identifying the effects of global warming on regional water cycle extremes, such as the ongoing drought in California, remains a challenge. Here, the authors present the results of multi-model simulations that project an increase in drought and flooding towards the end of the century.

A meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies of type 2 diabetes (T2D) identifies more than 600 T2D-associated loci; integrating physiological trait and single-cell chromatin accessibility data at these loci sheds light on heterogeneity within the T2D phenotype.

The MET receptor is frequently activated in cancer. Here, the authors show that in head and neck and lung squamous carcinoma, a polymorphic MET variant enhances binding to HER2, resulting in activation of HER2 signalling and progression of the cancers.

Jiang et al. identify Pax as a key regulator of Drosophila midgut homeostasis. Pax coordinates the Hippo and Notch pathways to control the proliferation and differentiation of intestinal stem cells (ISCs), ensuring homeostasis of midgut.

DeepRETStroke is a deep learning system using retinal photographs to detect silent brain infarction and predict future stroke events.

How molecular diversity in neurons links to versatile functions is elusive. Here the authors profiled embryonic spinal motor neurons with single-cell RNAseq and identified molecular subtypes targeting distinct muscle groups in different species.

The γ-TuRC plays a key role in regulated nucleation of microtubules (MTs). Here, the authors reveal how yeast γ-TuRC is assembled and activated by dimeric CM1 motifs in receptor protein Spc72 and how MT polymerase Stu2 binds to promote MT assembly.

Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT-2i) have demonstrated efficacy in reducing cardiovascular events and potentially improving kidney function in diabetic patients. Here, using the TriNetX platform, the authors show that SGLT-2 inhibitors reduce all-cause mortality and major adverse cardiac and kidney events in diabetic kidney transplant recipients.

Loggerhead sea turtles, which undergo long-distance migrations, can learn magnetic signatures associated with different geographic areas and have two different magnetic senses, each based on a different underlying mechanism.

A general approach to derive direction-dependent complex refractive indices close to zero produces infinite families of time-reversible and infinite families of time-irreversible electromagnetic materials, without invoking the concept of topology.

Widely cited studies have claimed that musical training is associated with enhanced neural encoding for sound at early stages of the auditory system. Results from this large-scale multisite study do not support this earlier claim.