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Bodogai et al. identify a unique subset of CD8⁺ T cells expressing CD39 and CD73 that accumulate during aging and are recruited to and actively promote tumor progression by suppressing antitumor CD4⁺ T cells. Targeting their function or recruitment attenuates tumor growth in aged mice.

Khetarpal et al. show that the metabolic regulator PGC-1α is essential in heart muscle cells for exercise-driven cardiac growth, and that suppression of the stress-induced myokine GDF15 is required to enable cardiomyocyte adaptations to training.

The Mass Spectrometry Query Language (MassQL) is an open-source language that enables instrument-independent searching across mass spectrometry data for complex patterns of interest via concise and expressive queries without the need for programming skills.

Authors analyzed a large dihydroartemisinin–piperaquine (DHA-PPQ) repetitive treatment efficacy trial including a 2-year follow-up period, monitoring the evolution of the protective effect of this antimalarial over time.

In a non-prespecified interim analysis of a phase 1 trial, autologous PRAME-directed TCR T cell therapy was safe and elicited durable responses in patients with recurrent and/or treatment-refractory PRAME⁺ advanced solid tumors, including melanoma and synovial sarcoma.

Plasmacytoid dendritic cells monitor the bone marrow for apoptotic megakaryocytes (MKs) and deliver IFNα to the MK niche, triggering local on-demand proliferation and maturation of MK progenitors.

This study describes sensing of circulating cell-free DNA after stroke as the mechanism leading to recurrent ischemic events.

An international team of researchers finds high potential for improving climate projections by a more comprehensive treatment of largely ignored Arctic vegetation types, underscoring the importance of Arctic energy exchange measuring stations.

In this issue, Walter et al. report the results of two clinical trials of a new therapeutic vaccine, IMA901, for the treatment of renal cell carcinoma (RCC). IMA901 consists of ten tumor-associated peptides identified as naturally presented T cell epitopes in RCC, and the authors show longer overall survival in subjects with immune responses to multiple vaccine peptides and identify serum and cellular biomarkers that may help predict overall survival in future studies of the vaccine.

In heart failure, increased CaMKII activity is decisively involved in arrhythmia formation. Here, the authors introduce the neuronal sodium channel Na_V1.8 as a CaMKII downstream target as its specific knock-out reduces arrhythmias and improves survival in a CaMKII-overexpressing mouse model.

Lilja et al. report that multipotent mouse embryonic mammary cells become lineage restricted as early as embryonic day 12.5 during development in a potency switch regulated by Notch1 signalling.

Multiomic factor analysis of blood multiomic data, including single-cell transcriptomics, for individuals with either acute or chronic coronary syndrome identifies immune cell signatures that correlate with treatment outcomes.

Inflammasome assembly promotes the cleavage and oligomerisation of gasdermin D (GSDMD) and subsequent pore formation. Here the authors raise nanobodies to human gasdermin and characterize the pore formation process mediated by GSDMD and how antagonistic nanobodies prevent pyroptosis.

Echolocating bats produce a wide variety of calls at different frequencies. In this study, the physiological basis of these frequencies are investigated, revealing that small changes in laryngeal air flow result in jumps between frequencies used for either echolocation or communication.

The transcription factor PU.1 is an essential regulator of the pro-fibrotic gene expression program in fibroblasts; PU.1 expression is upregulated in various fibrotic diseases, whereas inactivation of PU.1 induces regression of fibrosis in a number of organs.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma has a collagen-rich dense extracellular matrix that promotes malignancy of cancer cells. Here, the authors show that fibrillar collagen that is cancer-cell-derived, but not stroma-derived, selectively restrains tumor growth under control of their pC-proteinase, BMP1.

Global spatial data for terrestrial vertebrate and vascular plant diversity, above- and below-ground biomass carbon, and potential clean freshwater volume are combined in a joint optimization study to identify potential synergies for conservation management.

Breakdown of vascular barriers is a major complication of inflammatory diseases. However, the mechanisms underlying platelet recruitment to inflammatory micro-environments remains unclear. Here, the authors identify haptotaxis as a key effector function of immune-responsive platelets

A chemical screen identified BET bromodomain inhibitors as promoters of keratinocyte regenerative function and skin wound healing. Specifically, low-dose transient treatment with BET inhibitors imposes an activated, migratory state in keratinocytes.

Restoration of coronary blood flow after a heart attack may lead to reperfusion injury and pathologic iron deposition. Here, the authors perform magnetic susceptibility imaging showing its association with iron in a large animal model of myocardial infarction during wound healing, and showing feasibility in acute myocardial infarction patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention.

Electrical transport measurements reveal that Co₃Sn₂S₂ is probably a magnetic Weyl semimetal, and hosts the highest simultaneous anomalous Hall conductivity and anomalous Hall angle. This is driven by the strong Berry curvature near the Weyl points.

The crystal structure of the full-length human glucagon receptor reveals the essential role of the 12-residue ‘stalk’ segment and an extracellular loop in the regulation of ligand binding and receptor activation.

Sudipto Roy, Carol Wicking, Carsten Bergmann and colleagues report that mutations in DZIP1L cause autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease (ARPKD). Through studies of mouse and zebrafish models of DZIP1L loss of function, the authors demonstrate that DZIP1L is required for proper function of the periciliary diffusion barrier.

The structural characterization of microgels at interfaces is fundamental for the understanding of their 2D phase behavior but characterization is usually limited by available experimental techniques and does not allow a direct investigation at interfaces. Here, the authors employ neutron reflectometry, which allows probing the structure and responsiveness of the microgels in-situ at the air-water interface.

The mechanisms that shape the regulatory T cell repertoire in patients with cancer are not completely understood. Here, the authors observe that, in breast cancer patients, tumor-resident regulatory T cells do not show clonal relationship with their circulating counterpart, but share a common origin with intratumoral antigen-experienced conventional T cells.

Arterial macrophages develop from either yolk sac or bone marrow progenitors. Here, the author show that ageing-induced reduction of arterial macrophages is not replenished by bone marrow-derived cells, but under inflammatory conditions circulating monocytes are recruited to maintain homeostasis, while arterial macrophages of yolk sac origin carry out tissue repair.

Carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) and plaque are associated with subclinical atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease (CHD). Here, the authors identify and prioritize genetic loci for cIMT and plaque by GWAS and colocalization approaches and further demonstrate genetic correlation with CHD and stroke.

Combination of dendritic-cell-targeted nanovaccines with a myeloid-derived suppressor cell inhibitor and immune checkpoint modulators expands the host antitumour immune cells, restricts tumour growth and prolongs survival in orthotopic melanoma models.

Dimethyl fumarate (DMF) is a therapy for multiple sclerosis (MS) with undetermined mechanism of action. Here the authors find that clinical response to DMF associates with decrease in IL-17-producing CD8⁺ T cells (Tc17), delineate molecular pathways involved, and show that DMF suppresses Tc17 pathogenicity in a mouse model of MS.

Calcium-sensing fluorescent proteins such as TN-XXL are valuable tools for studying cellular function but, when expressed in mice, may affect animal physiology and behaviour. The authors of this paper create transgenic mice expressing TN-XXL and show that long-term expression of TN-XXL is tolerated well.

The signals involved in coordinating the navigation of myeloid cells in tissues are incompletely understood. Massberg and colleagues show that NG2⁺ pericytes control the pattern and efficacy of interstitial leukocyte migration.

Researchers demonstrate coherent control of an exciton qubit in a semiconductor quantum dot through optoelectronic means. Such state manipulation of single quantum systems is essential for the development of quantum information systems.

Cathelicidins are antimicrobial peptides that eliminate pathogens and contribute to the innate immune response. Here the authors show that neutrophil-derived LL-37/CRAMP induces platelet activation and promotes arterial thrombosis and thrombo-inflammation.

With a comprehensive analysis of sequencing data, DNA copy number, gene expression and DNA methylation in a large number of human glioblastomas, The Cancer Genome Atlas project initiative provides a broad overview of the genes and pathways that are altered in this cancer type.

Feature-based molecular networking is used to analyze non-targeted liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry metabolomics data. This protocol includes instructions, ready-made code and a web app (https://fbmn-statsguide.gnps2.org/) for statistical analysis of feature-based molecular networking results.

This Opinion article outlines a set of research priorities, based on discussions held at the 2015 Helene Harris Memorial Trust Ovarian Cancer Action meeting, that the authors believe will reduce incidence and improve outcomes for women with high-grade serous ovarian cancer.

Thrombosis is the most frequent cause of mortality worldwide. In this Review, the authors propose that thrombosis might also have a conserved physiological role in immune defence via a process termed immunothrombosis. However, if uncontrolled, immunothrombosis facilitates pathological clot formation.

Cells of the mononuclear phagocyte system (MPS) are usually defined by particular functional or phenotypical characteristics. However, this has led to confusion in the field, as many of the criteria that are used to define a particular cell population may actually be shared with other cell types. In this Opinion article, the authors propose that a new nomenclature that is based on cell ontogeny could enable a more robust classification of MPS cells.