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Potassium tert-butoxide is used in a precious-metal-free alkyl transfer strategy for synthesizing azaarenes and polyazaarenes from alkenes and nitriles via carbon–carbon bond cleavage. This method produces aryl methanes as the sole by-product and allows divergent synthesis of functionalized azaarenes, some of which exhibit visible-light photocatalytic reactivity.

A brain space-time-coding metasurface platform is proposed by integrating visual stimulation for brain–computer interfaces with dynamic electromagnetic wave manipulations, enabling physical-layer secure wireless communication and mind-driven device control.

Global demand for ammonia remains high, and its industrial production is extremely energy intensive. Here the authors report a cobalt-based mechanocatalyst, allowing the continuous synthesis of ammonia under ambient conditions.

Selective CO₂ hydrogenation to methanol under mild conditions remains challenging. Here, sulfur-bridged Mo binuclear sites on covalent triazine frameworks enable efficient room-temperature conversion via cooperative CO₂ activation and H₂ splitting.

High-resolution FAST observations of a very-high-velocity cloud in the warm neutral medium reveal a network of hierarchical filaments formed by shock compression. These findings suggest a viable mechanism for early structure formation in the interstellar medium.

Solid-state lithium batteries suffer from lithium dendrite formation that compromises safety. Here, authors reveal how grain boundary structures affect lithium behavior and show that selective amorphization can suppress dendrites and enhance battery stability.

By combining non-recurrent encoding with spatial harmonic retrieval, a programmable metasurface antenna can be created that can approach the theoretical upper limit of the information mapping efficiency.

The limited availability of efficient oxygen reduction reaction catalysts impedes the practical application of proton exchange membrane fuel cells. In this study, the catalytic activity of Pt-based high-entropy intermetallic is enhanced by regulating antisite defects.

Atomically dispersed inert oxide nano-overlays on a highly active Pt/γ-Mo₂N catalyst can block the redundant surface sites of γ-Mo₂N responsible for surface oxidation of this reactive support and the resulting deactivation, without compromising the intrinsic activity of active Pt@Mo2N interface.

Methods for predicting molecular structure predictions have so far focused on only the most probable conformation, but molecular structures are dynamic and can change when performing their biological functions, for example. Zheng et al. use a graph transformer approach to learn the equilibrium distribution of molecular systems and show that this can be helpful for a number of downstream tasks, including protein structure prediction, ligand docking and molecular design.

Histone crotonylation has been shown to regulate transcription in multiple settings, but its role during preimplantation development has not been examined. Here they show that P300 regulated crotonylation during embryonic development and that H3K18cr marks active promoters in embryos, crucial for transcriptional activation and embryonic fate determination.

Translation inhibition is a strategy for organisms to overcome various environmental stresses including viral infections. Here the authors show that a tRNA/rRNA-targeting RNase Schlafen13 inhibits protein synthesis by directly digesting cytoplasmic tRNA and rRNA with the ability to restrict viral propagation.

Generative AI holds promise for creating novel compounds. Here, authors introduce TamGen, a GPT-like model designed to generate molecules tailored to specific target proteins. TamGen identified 14 potent compounds against the Tuberculosis ClpP protease, showing its potential for drug discovery.

MRGPRX1 is a key GPCR expressed in the DRG for itch perception, generating scratch or avoidance behaviors. Here, authors provide structural and pharmacological insights into itch sensation, activation and G-protein signaling downstream of MRGPRX1.

Guo et al. use two-sample Mendelian randomization analyses to reveal causal relationships between neuroimaging phenotypes and psychiatric disorders. This insight may be helpful in predicting psychiatric disorder risk at the neuroimaging level.

Deep vein thrombosis after trauma (pt-DVT) patients undergo metabolic changes but a comprehensive characterization in humans is lacking. Here the authors integrate metabolome and proteome to reveal pt-DVT-related metabolic alterations and their function, and reveal potential biomarkers.

The authors propose a nonlinear spoof plasmonic waveguide to realize coherent perfect absorption and parametric amplification at the same frequency, which opens a new route to actively modulate the electromagnetic waves with giant amplification-to-absorption contrast.

Understanding if lasting immune responses can be induced by SARS-CoV-2 infection is important for controlling the COVID-19 pandemic. Here, the authors show, in a cohort of 25 patients, that IgG and T cell responses, as well as neutralising antibody, are still detectable against various SARS-CoV-2 proteins 3 months post-symptom onset, while IgM levels largely wane at this time.

Here, authors present cryo-EM structures and simulations of urea transporter members in resting-, transport-, or inactive-states bound with synthetic competitive, uncompetitive or noncompetitive inhibitor.

Dynamic arrangement of epigenetic modifications such as repressive H3K27 methylation is essential for zygote development. Here the authors show that establishment of genome-wide H3K27me3 in zygotes requires EZH2, that EZH1 partially compensates for EZH2 loss, and that EHMT1 is involved in H3K27me2 establishment.

The process of CH₄ cracking into H₂ and carbon has garnered significant attention for hydrogen production, but traditional catalytic methods are hampered by severe carbon deposition. Here, a machine-learning model has been developed to expedite the screening of CH₄ cracking catalysts from 10,950 types of single-atom alloy surfaces.

It is critical to understand the factors that are associated with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) progression, metastasis and response to therapy. Here, the authors analyse primary and metastatic NPC samples using bulk and single-cell sequencing, and find two distinct evolutionary routes that lead to metastasis.

Pangolins are a potential reservoir for viruses with cross-species infection potential. Here, the authors characterize a HKU4-related coronavirus isolated from pangolin and demonstrate its ability to infect human cell lines as well as its potential to infect transgenic mice expressing the human receptor DPP4.

A high-quality draft genome assembly of Musa balbisiana (the banana B-genome) is reported. Comparative genomic and gene functional analyses provide insights into the subgenome evolution and functional divergence between the A- and B-subgenomes.

Meta-RTWO based on spoof SPPs. A meta-RTWO chip is proposed with ultrahigh phase accuracy and figure of merit based on spoof surface plasmon polaritons.

This work introduces ARTR-seq for in situ measurement of RNA-binding protein (RBP) binding sites, which has been demonstrated in a small number of cells and for capturing dynamic RBP binding within short timeframes.

Genomic, transcriptomic and DNA methylation data from tissue samples from 208 Chinese patients with prostate cancer define the landscape of alterations in this population, and comparison with data from Western cohorts suggests that the disease may stratify into different molecular subtypes.

The authors found that deleting an ovary-rich gene called Bin2 improved fertility and oocyte quality in mice. Inhibiting BIN2 with a cell-penetrating peptide improved ovarian function in aging and in chemotherapy-treated mice.

3′ end of microRNAs binds to the PAZ domain of Argonaute (AGO) proteins. Here the authors show that terminal nucleotidyltransferases TUT4/7 and exonuclease DIS3L2 induce tailing and decay of 3’ end exposed-microRNAs in AGO PAZ mutant expressing- or cancer cells.

A novel resistance gene against maize rough dwarf disease was identified, which confers broad resistance to the virus pathogen infecting multiple cereal crops by regulating jasmonic acid (JA) biosynthesis and JA-mediated defence response.

Band alignment engineering is important to realize high performance and multifunctionality in a specific van der Waals heterojunction. Here, the authors observe band alignment transition of the heterojunction in a ferroelectric-tuned van der Waals heterojunction device with high performance.

Environmental enrichment has functional and molecular effects on mammalian hippocampus. Here, Zhang and colleagues show that environmental enrichment of mice is correlated with dorsal-ventral asymmetry in transcription and DNA methylation of the dentate gyrus.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa quorum-sensing signal N-(3-oxo-dodecanoyl) homoserine lactone alters host cell membranes and induces host cell death via ligand-independent immune receptor ligation.

Current digital coding metasurfaces are only space-encoded. Here, the authors propose space-time modulated digital coding metasurfaces to obtain simultaneous manipulations of electromagnetic waves and present harmonic beam steering, beam shaping, and scattering-signature control as application examples.

Genome-wide data from 166 East Asian individuals dating to between 6000 bc and ad 1000 and from 46 present-day groups provide insights into the histories of mixture and migration of human populations in East Asia.

Using a multi-layer metasurface array in which each meta-atom of the metasurface acts as an active artificial neuron, a programmable diffractive deep neural network can be created that directly processes electromagnetic waves in free space for wave sensing and wireless communications.

Antifungal produced by Fusarium perithecium bacterium Pantoea agglomerans is a promising drug lead.

A digital platform that integrates a metasurface based on electronic varactors with an optical interrogation network based on photodiodes can be programmed by visible light to implement electromagnetic functions, including microwave cloaking, illusion and vortex beam generation.

The single-cell and spatial transcriptomic atlases shed light on the molecular characteristics and spatial distribution of various ovarian cell types during folliculogenesis, and luteinization following ovulation.

Qing Wang and colleagues report a genome-wide association study for coronary artery disease (CAD) in a Chinese Han population. They identify a locus on chromosome 6p24.1 newly associated with CAD.