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Polygenic scores for body mass index and obesity constructed using data from 5 million people with different ancestries were associated with distinct weight gain trajectories from early childhood to adulthood.

Soft tissue tumors in infants encompass an overlapping spectrum of diseases posing unique diagnostic and clinical challenges. Here, the authors investigate the genetic basis of cryptogenic congenital mesoblastic nephroma and infantile fibrosarcoma lacking the canonical NTRK3-ETV6 fusion gene, and identify therapeutically tractable intragenic rearrangements in EGFR and BRAF.

Whole-genome sequencing and phenotype data sharing are introduced in a national health system to streamline diagnosis and to discover coding and non-coding variants that cause rare diseases.

Investigation of variation in three cohorts has identified multiple genetic signals associated with the pregnancy-specific liver disorder, intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy, giving insight into the disease which can cause preterm birth and stillbirth.

Here, Santamaria de Souza et al. explore the context-dependent fitness effects of glpT-deficiency in Salmonella enterica, showing mutants thrive in the gut lumen but are counter-selected by macrophages, highlighting antagonistic pleiotropy and niche-dependent adaptation.

Staphylococcus aureus phenol-soluble modulin toxins trigger a fast immune response that involves recruitment of leucocytes to the site of infection via the transcription factor EGR1.

Whole-genome sequencing analysis of individuals with primary immunodeficiency identifies new candidate disease-associated genes and shows how the interplay between genetic variants can explain the variable penetrance and complexity of the disease.

Sera from vaccinated individuals and some monoclonal antibodies show a modest reduction in neutralizing activity against the B.1.1.7 variant of SARS-CoV-2; but the E484K substitution leads to a considerable loss of neutralizing activity.

SrCu2(BO3)2 is a 2D quantum antiferromagnet on a particular frustrated lattice showing multiple magnetization plateaus and quantum phase transitions under high pressure. Here the authors uncover novel magnetic phases in this material under combined effects of extreme magnetic field and pressure.

The Cancer Genome Atlas reports on molecular evaluation of 295 primary gastric adenocarcinomas and proposes a new classification of gastric cancers into 4 subtypes, which should help with clinical assessment and trials of targeted therapies.

Exploring the impurity-induced phenomena facilitates the understanding of emergent quantum materials. Here the authors show the anomalous magnetization transitions as well as demonstrate the relation between the impurities and the excited spin states in the Mg doped Shastry-Sutherland compound SrCu₂(BO₃)₂.

DeepCell Kiosk is a user-friendly tool that enables fast and affordable deep learning–based analysis of large imaging datasets on Google cloud.

The authors test for temperature dependency of ecosystem respiration rates across globally distributed eddy covariance sites, revealing consistent temperature thresholds where ecosystem metabolism changes.

A study of SARS-CoV-2 variants examining their transmission, infectivity, and potential resistance to therapies provides insights into the biology of the Delta variant and its role in the global pandemic.

DNA has proved to be a versatile building block in the creation of complex structures through self-assembly, exploiting the intermolecular forces between the components. Here, the arrangement of DNA helices on pleated strands which are then assembled into honeycomb-like three-dimensional structures, produces objects of unprecedented complexity.

Chronic infection with SARS-CoV-2 leads to the emergence of viral variants that show reduced susceptibility to neutralizing antibodies in an immunosuppressed individual treated with convalescent plasma.

In this study, the authors provide a global overview of SARS-CoV-2 genome sequencing, and estimate the proportion of cases sequenced and time to genome upload. They identify disparities and highlight the need to strengthen surveillance in lower and middle income countries.

An antibody-based method enables profiling of metabolic protein expression and regulation in single cells using mass spectrometry.

Deep learning algorithms perform as well as humans in identifying cells in tissue images.

Chronic inflammation, marked by C-reactive protein, has been associated with changes in methylation, but the causal relationship is unclear. Here, the authors perform a Epigenome-wide association meta-analysis for C-reactive protein levels and find that these methylation changes are likely the consequence of inflammation and could contribute to disease.

Using sulfur doping and pressure, the authors separate the nematic and magnetic phase transitions in FeSe. They find that a Lifshitz transition sits between two independent superconducting domes where nematic critical fluctuations remain finite.

How accurate are social scientists in predicting societal change, and what processes underlie their predictions? Grossmann et al. report the findings of two forecasting tournaments. Social scientists’ forecasts were on average no more accurate than those of simple statistical models.

It is thought that Atlantic style passive margins have experienced episodes of uplift and volcanism in response to changes in mantle circulation. The authors here employ U-Pb dating of calcite in faults and fractures along the eastern North American margin and find a 40 Myr long period of fracturing and faulting from 115 to 75 Ma.

Motile and non-motile cilia have distinct functions and protein complexes associated with them. Here, the authors show the conserved protein CFAP20 is important for both motile and non-motile cilia and is distinct from other ciliopathy-associated domains or macromolecular complexes.

Aromatase inhibitors are used to treat oestrogen receptor positive breast cancers but the molecular basis for the response of patients is unclear. Here, the authors use samples from an aromatase inhibitor clinical trial and show that tumours from poor responders have more mutations than good responders and also more frequently harbour p53 mutations.

Protein degraders are an emerging drug modality; however, their properties lie beyond typical drug-like space. Here the authors report optimisation via structure-based exit vector and linker design towards the VHL-recruiting PROTAC ACBI2, an orally bioavailable and selective degrader of SMARCA2.

Empirically based models of disease progression in familial frontotemporal dementia reveal the relative ordering of clinical, neuroimaging, and fluid biomarker changes and facilitate novel clinical trial designs

Here, the authors present results of the ZiBRA-2 project (https://www.zibra2project.org) which is an arbovirus surveillance project, across the Midwest of Brazil using a mobile genomics laboratory, combined with a genomic surveillance training program that targeted post-graduate students, laboratory technicians, and health practitioners in universities and laboratories.

Alzheimer’s disease can be treated by targeting amyloid-β plaques and diagnosed in vivo by biomarkers, prompting the revision of criteria for the diagnosis and staging of this disease.

MIBI-TOF is a mass spectrometry-based multiplexed imaging platform that has been used to map tumors. In this Resource article, MIBI-TOF is used to provide a spatial atlas of immune responses within human tuberculosis granulomas.