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Xiangdong Fu and colleagues report characterization of a major rice grain yield QTL at the DEP1 locus.

Authors present a bispecific antiviral design targeting the virus and the host that simultaneously offers broad-spectrum protection against multiple existing transmissible human-pathogenic coronaviruses, including the Paxlovid-resistant SARS-CoV-2 mutants.

Bone marrow adipose tissue is linked to skeletal and metabolic health. Here, the authors use deep learning and GWAS to identify genetic determinants of bone marrow fat and reveal a causal link between femoral fat content and osteoporosis risk.

Genomic analyses of Citrus species including haplotype-resolved genomes of Citrus sinensis and Citrus aurantium highlight the origin of sweet orange and provide a strategy for de novo domestication of perennial crops.

Polygenic scores for body mass index and obesity constructed using data from 5 million people with different ancestries were associated with distinct weight gain trajectories from early childhood to adulthood.

Long-term observations show that a rising fraction of ammonium nitrate in PM_2.5 reduces aerosol acidity, suppressing the heterogeneous conversion from NO₂ to HONO. This weakens its contribution to the HONO source and atmospheric oxidation capacity.

Fine-mapping of causal variants and integration of epigenetic and chromatin conformation data identify likely target genes for 150 breast cancer risk regions.

A cluster randomized trial in China shows that telemedicine-based, village doctor-led delivery of integrated care reduced the occurrence of adverse cardiovascular events and hospitalizations in older adults with atrial fibrillation.

A β-GalNAc-O-tyrosine glycopeptide co-assembles with Aβ42 into distinct fibrils, reducing toxic oligomers and neurotoxicity in cells and an Alzheimer’s disease mouse model, suggesting a new modality to modulate amyloid aggregation.

Nie et al. report a multi-site binding ligand to suppress the formation of defects and increase the structural and water stability of perovskites. Solar cells fabricated fully in air achieves an efficiency of 25.03% and retain 98.98% of the performance after aging in air for 1,584 h without encapsulation.

Triboelectric nanogenerators can harvest mechanical energy from the environment to power sensors. Here, the authors use a low-resistance shunt to cut off the impedance coupling between the triboelectric nanogenerator and sensors, achieving accurate multi-mode sensing.

Based on Bader charge descriptors, a Cu2ZnSnS4 nanosheet with S defects is developed for photocatalytic CO2 reduction. Under visible light irradiation, C2H4 is produced from CO2 with a yield of 25.16 µmol g-1 h-1 with ~50% selectivity.

The extracellular matrix (ECM) is assembled through liquid–liquid phase separation and directed phase transition. Now—inspired by tropoelastin—a designer minimalistic model incorporating alternating hydrophobic moieties and crosslinking domains can template the assembly of a biomimetic matrix that mimics the ECM, promoting the mechanosensing of stem cells.

Mammalian circadian clocks modulate the daily cycles of many cellular processes. Here the authors find that metastasis-associated protein 1, which is upregulated in human cancers, is an intrinsic regulator of the mammalian molecular clock.

Smart hydrogels are 3D networks composed of cross-linked polymer chains that can alter their shape and properties in response to environmental stimuli. Xiaet al.demonstrate a smart hydrogel with rapid response and high elasticity, due to its nano-scale structure.

High temperature impairs tomato fruit set. Here, the authors identify the TSP4a-TSP4b module, homologous to IAA9 and AINTEGUMENTA, which promotes parthenocarpy by suppressing auxin signaling, thereby boosting yield under heat stress.

The band structure of solid state systems can exhibit linear like dispersions resembling the Dirac equation in high-energy physics; however, the crystal structure anisotropy typically associated with solid state systems can lead to deviations from the symmetry of the original equation. Here, using Landau level spectroscopy, the authors report experimental evidence for isotropic fermions in 3D crystal structure of LaAlSi.

Metabolites can be used to estimate disease risk. Here, the authors use Mendelian randomization to infer the potential causal effects of 1099 plasma metabolites on the risk of 2099 binary disease endpoints.

White matter hyperintensities are linked to cortical atrophy, a key feature in dementia. Here, the authors identify loci associated with cortical atrophy related to white matter hyperintensities, which involve vascular and neuronal processes.

STING agonist-based endoplasmic reticulum-targeting molecules can be conjugated directly onto antigens to deliver them to the cross-presentation pathway, improving CD8⁺ T cell responses against tumours and viruses.

Entanglement was observed in top–antitop quark events by the ATLAS experiment produced at the Large Hadron Collider at CERN using a proton–proton collision dataset with a centre-of-mass energy of √s  = 13 TeV and an integrated luminosity of 140 fb⁻¹.

Meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies on Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias identifies new loci and enables generation of a new genetic risk score associated with the risk of future Alzheimer’s disease and dementia.

Increasing the fatigue life of shape memory alloys often compromises other mechanical properties such as yield strength and plastic deformation behaviour. Introducing a mixed nanostructure of crystalline and amorphous phases can enable superelasticity in NiTi micropillars with recoverable strain of 4.3%, yield strength of 2.3 GPa and 10⁸ reversible-phase transition cycles under a stress of 1.8 GPa.

Neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) are a heterogeneous group of diseases for which the genetic basis is still unknown in more than half of the cases. Here, the authors report a NDD associated with disruptive variants in the TANC2 gene and show that rols, the TANC2 homolog in flies, is required for synapse growth and function.

Diarrhoea is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in China. Here, the authors present results from a large sentinel surveillance scheme from 217 hospitals in all 31 provinces in mainland China, including ~150,000 patients with acute diarrhoea and covering years 2009-2018.

A large genome-wide association study of more than 5 million individuals reveals that 12,111 single-nucleotide polymorphisms account for nearly all the heritability of height attributable to common genetic variants.

While the shortwave infrared (SWIR) region has potential for bioimaging applications, stable and biocompatible SWIR absorbers/emitters are challenging to access. Here, the authors report the approach of crystal-aided aggregate synthesis for the development of J-aggregates for in vivo bioimaging.

While Bell inequalities have been violated several times—mostly in photonic systems—their violations within particle physics experiments are less explored. Here, the BESIII Collaboration showcases Bell-violating nonlocal correlations between entangled hyperon pairs.

Using a large multisite dataset of people with major depressive disorder and healthy controls, the authors show global brain connectivity alterations in the sensorimotor, visual, and default mode networks.

Artificial photosynthetic diluted CO₂ reduction from fuel gas is promising but challenging for carbon neutrality. Here, the authors report a host-guest system by integrating CO₂-enriching ionic liquids and photoactive metal-organic frameworks, greatly enhancing CO₂-to-CO conversion efficiency.

Manganese is an essential trace element for the activity of arginase in the process of urea generation and ammonia disposal in the liver. Here, the authors show that fructose overconsumption impairs hepatic Mn homeostasis and ammonia disposal in male mice.

The glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor is a key regulator of glucose homeostasis and a drug target for type 2 diabetes but available GLP-1R agonists are suboptimal due to several side-effects. Here authors report the cryo-EM structure of GLP-1R bound to an ago-allosteric modulator in complex with heterotrimeric G_s which offers insights into the molecular details of ago-allosterism.

Zinc gluconate in oral supplements associates with plasma proteins to form renal-tumour-accumulating ZnO nanoparticles, which have antitumoural immune activity and can also be used for the delivery of chemotherapeutic agents.

Whole-genome sequencing, transcriptome-wide association and fine-mapping analyses in over 7,000 individuals with critical COVID-19 are used to identify 16 independent variants that are associated with severe illness in COVID-19.

The protein Insig-2 negatively regulates lipid biosynthesis and is short-lived in liver cells but stable in muscle cells. Here, the authors show that in muscle cells producing reactive oxygen species, there is increased oxidation compared to ubiquitination of Insig-2, stabilising Insig-2 and reducing lipid biosynthesis.

cGAS/STING mediated immunity is linked to the anti-tumor response, but how tumor-intrinsic cGAS signals are countered during tumorigenesis and immune evasion is poorly understood. Here the authors show PRMT1 suppresses the anti-tumor immune response via arginine methylation of cGAS.