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Here the authors construct an artificial pathogen cell with tunable rigidity and find crosstalk between these and macrophages. Macrophages probe the artificial pathogen surface, and increasing rigidity of the artificial pathogen promotes proinflammatory polarization of macrophages.

Cryo-electron microscopy structures of the human sweet taste receptor in the apo and sucralose-bound states reveal its heterodimeric architecture and mechanisms of ligand binding and signal activation.

The systematic ferroelectric domain control in ferroelectric CuInP₂S₆ systems has remained elusive. Herein, the authors report the efficient ferroelectric domain engineering under a unipolar electric field in CuIn₂S₆ system.

Lu and colleagues show that signaling through the lactate receptor HCAR1 in colorectal tumor cells promotes the recruitment of immunosuppressive CCR2⁺ PMN-MDSCs and that inhibition of HCAR1 by reserpine augments the CD8⁺ T cell-mediated antitumor immune response.

RNF214 ubiquitin ligase is understudied. Here the authors show RNF214 promotes hepatocellular carcinoma progression by inducing non-proteolytic ubiquitylation of TEADs and activating YAP signaling pathway.

Despite existing regulations, many emerging environmental contaminants remain ungoverned, posing serious risks to ecosystems and human health. Here, we outline governance challenges and propose a global roadmap for their regulation. Proactive identification, risk assessment, and international collaboration are urgently needed to close regulatory gaps and ensure a safer, healthier environment for all.

The heterogeneous and compartmentalized environments within living cells make it difficult to deploy theranostic agents with precise spatiotemporal accuracy. Zhao et al. demonstrate a DNA framework state machine that can switch among multiple structural states according to the temporal sequence of molecular cues, enabling temporally controlled CRISPR–Cas9 targeting in living mammalian cells.

Membrane fouling during electrodialysis, nanofiltration and ultrafiltration processes results in a reduction in the dye/salt fractionation efficacy. Here, authors devise an electro-driven filtration process using tight ion-conductive ultrafiltration membrane for one-step, stable dye/salt fractionation.

LC-MS-based proteomics often relies on data-dependent acquisition (DDA) for quality control. Here, the authors demonstrate that data-independent acquisition (DIA) outperforms DDA in detecting subtle changes in LC-MS status in large-scale quantitative proteomics experiments. They further prioritized 15 QC metrics and developed an AI model, implemented in a free software called iDIA-QC, for detecting LC-MS faults.

Sn doping enables a breakthrough in p-type AgSbTe₂ for thermoelectric applications, achieving a zT of 2.5 and 12.1% device efficiency. The authors reveal an impurity band mechanism, offering a strategy for AgSbTe₂ optimization.

There is currently no specific antidote for death cap mushroom poisoning treatment. Here, the authors identify STT3B as a druggable target and show that indocyanine green is a STT3B inhibitor that can block α-amanitin toxicity in cell lines, liver organoids and mice.

Rapid activation of SnRK2 kinases is central to plant responses to osmotic stress and abscisic acid. Here the authors show that a group of Raf-like kinases are very quickly activated by osmotic stress, and then phosphorylate and activate SnRK2s.

H3K9me3 is an epigenetic barrier to the reprogramming of somatic cells to a totipotent state during somatic cell nuclear transfer. Here, the authors uncover molecular mechanisms regulating H3K9me3 modifications in this process.

Fc–IL-4, a typical type 2 cytokine, reinvigorates exhausted CD8⁺ T cells in tumours, underscoring this fusion protein as a potent immunotherapy that synergizes effectively with type 1 immunity against cancer.

Elevated type 2 functionality in CAR T cell infusion products is significantly associated with maintenance of a median B cell aplasia duration of 8.4 years in paediatric patients with acute lymphocytic leukaemia.

The authors use a DNA-framework-based molecular classifier to perform biomarker panel screening and analyse six biomarkers across three-dimensional datatypes to obtain a molecular taxonomy for prostate cancer diagnosis.

Next-generation red and green G-protein-coupled receptor-based dopamine sensors with improved properties have been developed. Their performance is demonstrated in cell culture, in brain slices and in vivo in the mouse.

Mutations in the RNA component TERC can cause telomerase dysfunction but the underlying mechanisms are largely unknown. Here, the authors show that RNA-binding protein HuR regulates telomerase function by enhancing the methylation of TERC, which is impaired by several disease-relevant TERC mutations.

Shao et al. report that FUS interacts with the transcriptional coactivator TAZ, maintaining liquid-like properties of TAZ biomolecular condensates and enhancing TAZ transcriptional activity.

Qin et al. find that cell detachment induces condensation of LATS2, a core kinase of the Hippo pathway. These LATS2 condensates protect LATS2 from degradation by the ubiquitin–proteasome system, thereby promoting the assembly of Hippo signalosomes for pathway activation.

The mechanisms of resistance to therapy in gastric cancer remain to be explored. Here, proteomic profiling of 206 tumour tissues from patients treated with chemotherapy and anti-HER2-based therapy results in the identification of four molecular subtypes and the development of prognostic models.

Human Treg cells are central to immune tolerance, yet their heterogeneity and differentiation remain incompletely understood. Here the authors perform single-cell RNA and T cell receptor sequencing to resolve Treg cells from healthy individuals and patients with or without acute graft-versus-host disease revealing Treg complexity in health and disease.

Carbonate mineral aqueous solubility decreases as carbonates become more Mg-rich during subduction. Coupled with regional variations in amounts of carbon and water subducted, this explains discrepancies in estimates of carbon recycling, suggesting that only around a third returns to the surface.

Generic single-stranded oligonucleotides used as a uniform transmission signal can reliably integrate large-scale DNA integrated circuits with minimal leakage and high fidelity for general-purpose computing.

Whole-genome resequencing and association analyses in 424 soybean accessions identify two homeologous genes that contributed to flowering time adaptation during soybean domestication.

Planar perovskite solar cells that have been passivated using the organic halide salt phenethylammonium iodide are shown to have suppressed non-radiative recombination and operate with a certified power conversion efficiency of 23.3%.

How electron correlation interplays with topological states remains rarely explored. Here, the authors report flat band arising due to electron correlations in magnetic Weyl semimetal Co₃Sn₂S₂ from a combined optical-spectroscopy and simulation study.

Manipulating electrical and magnetic anisotropies will stimulate multi-terminal device applications. Here, the authors discover axis dependence of current rectifications, magnetic properties and magnon modes in van der Waals multiferroic CuCrP₂S₆.

Boronic acids are useful reagents in organic synthesis and thus methods to prepare these compounds under mild conditions are desirable. Here, the authors synthesize boronic acids via photocatalytic decarboxylation of benzoic acids followed by borylation; guanidine-type additives are used to assist the process.

The molecular pathways regulating the cardioprotective activity of deacetylase sirtuin-1 are unknown. Here, Yanget al. show that histone H3K9 methyltransferase SUV39H and HP1gamma cooperatively methylate H3K9 on the sirtuin-1 promoter and inhibit sirtuin-1 transcription, and show that inhibition of SUV39H in mice is cardioprotective.

By embedding superparamagnetic nanoparticles in a thermoelectric matrix, phonon and electron transport within the material can be controlled simultaneously at nanometre and mesoscopic length scales, thereby improving the thermoelectric performance of the material.

The yeast Rad1–Rad10 complex has multiple roles in DNA damage repair. Here the authors uncover mutants that uncouple the roles in UV excision repair and non-NER functions.