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‘Ultrathin’ gold interlayers are shown to form nanoparticles that balance optical losses and electrical contact, enabling efficient perovskite–perovskite integration for scalable and durable triple-junction photovoltaics.

Achieving a balance between molecular packing density, charge transport efficiency, and defect passivation remains a challenge for perovskite solar cells. Here, authors synthesize self-assembled molecules with flexible head groups and rigid linkers, achieving maximum device efficiency of over 26%.

Cross-linkable co-SAMs improve hole-selective SAM stability, preventing defects and thermal degredation in perovskite solar cells, enabling 26.92% efficiency with high heat durability, and guiding the design of more efficient and durable solar cells.

The stabilization of perovskites in both solution and solid phases is critical to the fabrication of solution-processed perovskite solar cells. Here, 4-(trifluoromethyl)phenylhydrazine is introduced to enhance storage stability, achieving consistent high efficiency of 26.0% in stable devices.

Achieving deep blue emission and high practical efficiency in organic light-emitting devices remains a considerable challenge. Here, the authors report late-stage double borylation of boron/nitrogen based multi-resonance frameworks, achieving maximum efficiency of over 32% in stable devices.

The intrinsic instability of wide-bandgap perovskite solar cells is predominantly attributed to the vacancy defects caused by multiple ion migration. Here, authors incorporate an ether ring supramolecule into perovskites and achieve an efficiency of over 28% for all-perovskite tandem solar cells.

A temperature-controlled vacuum quenching method enables the fabrication of perovskite solar modules with a power conversion efficiency of 22.69% and an area of 11.7 cm², while the corresponding cells maintain over 93% of their initial efficiency after 3,500 h of operation.

A blue shift in the surface plasmon resonance of an indium tin oxide layer is observed—and electrically tuned—where a classical description would predict a red shift.

Donor exciton delocalization and its impact on photovoltaic performance of organic solar cells remains less explored. Here, the authors found that delocalized excitons are formed in aggregates of the donor polymer D18, and that these delocalized excitons mediate charge generation in solar cells.

This Review covers the latest advances in perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells, with a focus on efficiency, stability and scalability, along with a discussion of outstanding challenges and future directions.

The suboptimal performance of perovskite solar cells based on non-fullerene acceptor as the electron-transporting layer underscores the need for their molecular engineering. Here, authors substitute the core of Y6 with phenanthroline and crown ether, achieving a certified efficiency of 25.59%.

Perovskite solar cells degrade when subjected to reverse bias. Jiang et al. show that relatively thick hole transport layers and metal back contacts with improved electrochemical stability afford better tolerance to reverse bias.

Surveillance for blood-borne pathogens by immune cells occurs chiefly in the spleen and liver. Kubes and colleagues show that liver Kupffer cells directly sample the bloodstream and are the predominant antigen-presenting cell for invariant natural killer T cells

Spatiotemporal modulation of an electrically driven metasurface generates harmonic frequencies in space at optical frequency.

The realization of efficient perovskite/organic tandem solar cells has been challenging due to large voltage deficits and severe non-radiative recombination. Here, the authors introduce sandwiched hole transport configuration for more balanced carrier transport, achieving efficiency of 26.05%.

One of the possible events signaling a neutrinoless double beta decay is a Xe atom decaying into a Ba ion and two electrons. Aiming at the realisation of a detector for such a process, the authors show that Ba ions can be efficiently trapped (chelated) in vacuum by an organic molecule layer on a surface.

Miller et al. use fast thermal preservation and mass spectrometry imaging to reveal rapid neuron-layer metabolic responses to stimulation within a brain slice. Stimulation increases glucose use and converts spent ATP into metabolic fuel, via inosine.

Perovskite quantum dots film has better mechanical stability and structural integrity compared to bulk thin film. Here, the authors demonstrate higher endurance of quantum dot films and develop hybrid CsPbI3 QD/PCBM device with PCE of 15.1% and 12.3% on rigid and flexible substrates, respectively.

Chemical approaches to improve aqueous dispersions of conjugated polymers are limited by the feasibility of modifying the backbone or lead to poor performance. Here, Liu et al. show that ground-state electron transfer in donor:acceptor blends aids aqueous dispersion, for high conductivity and solubility.

The discovery of 2023 KQ₁₄, a Sedna-like object with a perihelion of 66 au, fills a gap in the known population. Its orbit does not align with other Sedna-like objects, shedding light on the diversity and dynamical history of the outer Solar System.

Oxidation of halides and subsequent segregation limit the stability of perovskite solar cells. Wu et al. synthesize anthraquinone derivatives to suppress oxidation while also passivating defects, achieving 25.2%-efficiency organic/perovskite tandem solar cells.

A multifunctional additive modulates the kinetics of perovskite film growth, enabling inverted perovskite solar cells with 24.8% power conversion efficiency and enhanced thermal stability.

There has been a hot competition to optimize the device performance for all-inorganic perovskite solar cells. Here Wang et al. employ a Lewis base molecule to suppresses the non-radiative recombination in the inverted device and achieve a champion efficiency of 16.1%.

Liu et al. report the multi-site chelate effect using quercetin for Sn²⁺ and retarding crystallisation in FASnI₃-based optoelectronic synapse. 12 × 12 real-time NIR imaging array enables spatiotemporal information fusion for object recognition, enhancement, and motion perception in complex conditions.

Electrochromism, the dependence of light absorption upon electronic control, finds a wide range of applications in smart materials. Here, Liu et al. show an electrochromic DNA–surfactant liquid crystal system that exhibits electrically tunable optical absorption and thermally tunable memory.

The so-called pseudo-bilayer (PB) organic solar cell (OSC) device architecture can promote enhanced exciton dissociation and charge transport, leading to improved device performance. Here, the authors report high-efficiency OSCs that features a PB architecture and optimized ternary system.

Shi et al. report the synthesis of multicolour thermally activated delayed fluorescent carbon dots with 3D onion-like configuration to stabilise the triplet state and reduce the singlet-triplet energy gap. LEDs with EQE of 6.0–9.9% are achieved, a step further for efficient and stable displays.

Two-dimensional conjugated metal–organic frameworks used as an electron-extraction layer enable the realization of highly stable perovskite solar cells with minimized lead ion leakage.

The development of non-halogen solvent processed all-small-molecule organic solar cells was challenging. Here, the authors employ a small molecule donor with strong aggregation property to improve molecular pre-aggregation in tetrahydrofuran, realizing ternary device with efficiency of 16.1%.

Mixed-cation perovskite quantum dot solar cells possess decent phase stability but considerably low efficiency. Here Hao et al. show that ligands are key to the formation of quantum dots with lower defect density and demonstrate devices that are more stable and efficient than their bulk counterparts.

The fabrication of perovskite heterojunctions is challenging. Mali et al. develop a heterojunction with two different crystalline phases of CsPbI₃, achieving 21.5% and 18.4% efficiencies on small-area solar cells and 18 cm² solar modules, respectively.

Organic solar cells with a bulk-heterojunction architecture suffer from photocurrent loss driven by triplet states. Now, Jiang et al. show that sequentially deposited donor–acceptor planar–mixed heterojunctions suppress triplet formation, enabling efficiencies over 19%.

The general photocrosslinking of semiconducting polymers is limited by efficiency and semiconductor property degradation. Here, the authors show that fluorinated phenyl azides can be molecularly designed to improve photolysis efficiency, and induce favourable partitioning of the crosslinker amongst the alkyl side chains of the polymer, thereby achieving high crosslinking efficiency without diminishing semiconducting properties.

Here, the authors explore the blue photoluminescence signal arising from the interface between graphene and h-BN arranged in in-plane heterostructures, and fabricate a blue light emitting device utilizing the heterojunction as the emitting layer.

A general strategy for producing solution-processed doped polymers with the extreme work functions that are required to make good ohmic contacts to semiconductors is demonstrated in high-performance light-emitting diodes, transistors and solar cells.

The intrinsic trade-off between efficiency and stability is a challenging issue for organic photovoltaics. Here, the authors develop non-fullerene acceptors with tailored side-group hindrance and backbone planarity and realise efficiency of 18.3% and good stability for xylene-processed solar cells

High-resolution imaging technologies call for photodetectors with high-gain and linear response over a large dynamic range. Chow et al. show a dual-gate structure that combines the operation of photodiodes and phototransistors to enable both amplified and linear response without external circuitry.

Charge accumulation in organic photocatalysts leads to an overlooked macroscopic particle migration, crucial for heterogeneous photocatalytic kinetics. Authors demonstrate self-driven electrophoresis of organic nanocrystals via rationally designed photogenerated outer electric field (OEF).

Reactive polyiodide melt-assisted conversion of metallic lead nanolayers into hybrid lead halide films opens a new branch of scalable technologies for perovskite photovoltaics.