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The chromatin remodeler BRAHMA (BRM) is found as a repressor of plant adaptation to acid stress by inhibiting the STOP1-NRT1.1 signaling module. Under low pH, BRM degradation activates nitrate uptake and alkalinizes the rhizosphere.

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy has shown promise but remains limited against solid tumors. This study reports that DKK1-A2 CAR-T cells selectively target HLA-A2- and DKK1-positive tumors, suggesting their therapeutic potential in treating human cancers.

Increased glycolysis in pancreatic cancer promotes immune escape by altering the tumor microenvironment. Here, the authors show that lactate-driven histone lactylation via PCAF increases CXCL1 expression, recruiting neutrophils and enabling immunosuppression, and PCAF inhibition improves anti-PD-1 therapy in pancreatic cancer mouse models.

Researchers develop an adaptive polymer that switches between insulating and conductive states, enabling ultra-efficient electrostatic protection for next-generation electronics at record-low additive content.

Taxanes, including paclitaxel (PTX) and Nab-PTX (comprising PTX bound to albumin nanoparticles), are first-line chemotherapeutic agents in breast cancer therapies. Here, the authors report that PTX, but not Nab-PTX, induces the expansion of tumor-promoting TREM2+ macrophages as a mechanism underlying the inferior antitumor efficacy of PTX compared with Nab-PTX in patients with breast cancer.

Wang, Zheng, Qian, Pan, Tian et al. characterize the crosstalk between peritumoural visceral adipose tissue and colorectal tumour microenvironment and report an immune escape mechanism, which may be potentially targeted for improved immunotherapy.

A photochemical regeneration strategy achieves repeated capture and release of diverse precious metals by integrating a phenol–quinone redox cycle into a nanocarbon aerogel scaffold, offering a practical and sustainable pathway for metal recovery.

Using a regioirregular polymerization strategy, diverse polymer structures containing urethane, carbonate and urea linkages are synthesized from a single tetramethylene urethane monomer. Mixed polymers can be depolymerized to the starting monomer in a closed-loop manner.

Perovskite solar cells promise high efficiency but face hurdles in stability and scalable production, complicating their commercialization. Here, the authors introduce Perovskite-R1, a large language model designed to enhance precursor additive discovery, which is validated by experimental confirmation of improved material stability and performance, providing an integrated workflow for intelligent, data-driven advancements in perovskite photovoltaics.

Noise-induced hearing loss is commonly attributed to direct damage to sensory hair cells. Here, the authors reveal that non-sensory supporting cells play a critical role in the damage through Gasdermin D-mediated exacerbation of hair cell oxidative stress.

CABLE harnesses cytoarchitectural information such as cell or nuclear shape to infer fiber tracts in the brain of, for example, marmosets, macaques or humans.

Conventional closed batteries are constrained by the electrical energy efficiency of 100%. Here, authors develop an open decoupled battery with an efficiency of 375% at 10 mA cm−2 through a three electrodynamic-potential design, realizing waste-to-energy conversion and electricity amplification.

Cryogenic transport measurements of CsV₃Sb₅ nanobeams show a zero-field Josephson diode effect and radio-frequency rectification with power-dependent quantized voltage output.

Aortic aneurysm and dissection are lethal vascular diseases lacking effective medical therapy. Here the authors show that calcium channel blocker use increases AAD risk, worsens disease progression in models and patients, and may impair post-repair outcomes, warranting caution in at-risk hypertension.

The authors conducted a genome-wide association study of bipolar disorder (BD) in Han Chinese and integrated PGC4 East Asian and European datasets, discovering 23 novel loci, prioritizing 39 credible risk genes and implicating BD-related cell types and druggable targets.

Non-traditional luminescent polymers are materials without extended π-conjugation. Here the authors develop highly luminescent supramolecular polymers using dynamic quadruple hydrogenbonded motifs with potential for sensing and fluorescent adhesives.

Li et al. reveal projection neuron-type-specific dynamics that coordinate corticothalamic communication during reach-to-consume behavior in mice.

Dendrobium is a genus of mostly epiphytic and lithophytic orchids. Here, the authors conduct comparative genome analysis for 24 chromosome-level genome assemblies and genome skimming sequencing data for 204 species in this genus, and reveal genomic variation, biosynthesis and evolutionary adaptation in Dendrobium orchids.

How the vascular endothelial cells support the functional adaptation of pancreatic islets under obesity-associated metabolic stress is poorly understood. Here, the authors show that the ER stress sensor IRE1α employs its RNase activity to play an important regulatory role in this process.

T cells have been shown to have a function in chronic lung inflammation in COPD. Here the authors characterise the single cell transcriptional profile of T cells after smoke inhalation in mouse models showing changes in TCR repertoire and Il17a expression in γδ T cells, suggesting smoke-associated γδ T cells are involved in COPD inflammation and implicating γδT17 cells as a possible target for early prevention and treatment of COPD.

Diarrhoea is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in China. Here, the authors present results from a large sentinel surveillance scheme from 217 hospitals in all 31 provinces in mainland China, including ~150,000 patients with acute diarrhoea and covering years 2009-2018.

Due to the complexity of controlling factors and the diversity of reaction components, accurately delineating the bond formation mechanisms for copper-catalyzed radical transformations poses a challenge. Here, the authors reveal the linear free energy relationships for the C–C bond formation of Cu-catalyzed radical transformations.

The magnetic field is an effective tool for inducing topological phase transitions. Here, the authors tune the direction and strength of the magnetic field in an ideal Dirac semimetal, Bi₄(Br_0.27I_0.73)₄, to demonstrate multiple Weyl modes.

Developing porous crystalline materials with tailored properties is challenging because of the vast design space and the high cost of screening. Now, highly fluorescent covalent organic frameworks have been identified through an AI-assisted iterative experiment–learning cycle workflow that integrates electronic configuration and quantum-level insights into the learning process.

China operates a national surveillance program for acute respiratory infections and sampled over 200,000 patients between 2009–2019. Here, the authors present results from this program and describe patterns by age, pathogen type, presence of pneumonia, and season.

Chronic care manages long-term, progressive conditions, while acute care handles short-term ones. Here, authors show chronic conditions account for most of the global health burden, with 68% of DALYs and 93% of YLDs attributed to chronic care needs.

A surface charge visualization and standardized quantification method and surface charge tuning is achieved for triboelectric materials, delivering essential tools for contact electrification and high-performance triboelectric nanogenerators.

The CMS Collaboration reports the measurement of the spin, parity, and charge conjugation properties of all-charm tetraquarks, exotic fleeting particles formed in proton–proton collisions at the Large Hadron Collider.

Plasmonic nanocavities enable universal detection of layer-breathing modes in two-dimensional materials via plasmon-enhanced Raman spectroscopy, overcoming the limit of weak electron-phonon coupling or Raman inactivity, and delivering a quantitative framework for interlayer coupling analysis.

Chirality amplification and transfer strategies are powerful routes to endow covalent organic polymers with supramolecular helicity, expanding their structural and functional versatility. Here, the authors studied helical polyimines with uniform helicity but that displayed reversed chiroptical signatures upon subtle adjustments to a single polymerization parameter.

The NF-kB pathway is strictly regulated to prevent excessive inflammatory and immune responses. Here, Li et al. describe an alternative pathway of negative regulation of p65- driven gene expression.

This work reveals critical role of R-Ras2 in abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) progression. R-Ras2 maintains VSMCs function via c-MET-TFII-I axis, with MEG3 stabilizing its mRNA stability. Findings identify R-Ras2 a potential AAA therapeutic target.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors have shown promise in tumour immunotherapy but resistance has been seen. Here using pre-treatment hepatocellular carcinoma patient biopsies from patients scheduled for immunotherapy, the authors implicate BCL9 and show that a BCL9-targeting peptide promotes anti-tumour immunity in mouse models through targeting macrophages and promoting anti-tumour T cell responses.

Piezoionic flex-sensors are limited by sensitivity and unidirectional bending response. Here, the authors achieve a high piezoionic flex-sensitivity by tuning hydrogel-ion interactions, and decoupling of multi-degree-of-freedom bending via a square prism-shaped fiber structure.

The gamma-ray burst GRB 060614 was an unusual astrophysical event whose origins are still unclear. This study re-examines the burst’s afterglow data and finds an excess in the spectrum that appears to be consistent with a weak macronova, suggesting that GRB 060614 originated from a compact binary merger.

Lithium isotope records in marine carbonates and siliciclastic rocks reveal that shifts in continental weathering regime and source reduced ocean environmental stress and biodiversity loss during the global warming 56 million years ago.

An AI-based learning model is applied to low-abundance human oral bacteria and identifies antimicrobial peptides with efficacy against multidrug-resistant bacterial pathogens.

‘Ultrathin’ gold interlayers are shown to form nanoparticles that balance optical losses and electrical contact, enabling efficient perovskite–perovskite integration for scalable and durable triple-junction photovoltaics.