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In nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), cisplatin is known to be associated with poor treatment compliance and notable side effects therefore more effective platinum drugs are expected. Here this group updates the 10-year survival analysis results of a multicenter, randomized, phase 3 trial evaluating the efficacy of lobaplatin and fluorouracil induction chemotherapy plus concurrent chemoradiotherapy on 502 NPC patients.

Bioorganic molecules, such as amino acids, nucleobases, and sugars, are widely distributed in space. Here, the authors investigated solid-state condensation reactions of these prebiotic organic molecules under the combined effects of ionizing radiation and forsterite on the Chinese Space Station, and showed that cumulative low-dose ionizing radiation can trigger dipeptide formations and phosphorylation of ribose.

The chromatin remodeler BRAHMA (BRM) is found as a repressor of plant adaptation to acid stress by inhibiting the STOP1-NRT1.1 signaling module. Under low pH, BRM degradation activates nitrate uptake and alkalinizes the rhizosphere.

The Taiwan Precision Medicine Initiative (TPMI) has built a cohort of more than half a million individuals with Han Chinese ancestry, providing a rich resource of genetic and medical data for this group.

Fang et al. report a scalable solution-soaking quenching technique to enable uniform passivation of large-area wide-bandgap perovskite films, resulting in 10.13 cm² solar modules with 20.32% efficiency, prolonged lifespan, and applications in tandem solar windows, transparent agrivoltaics, and portable power systems.

This study maps how insect wings form by charting cell fate changes in the silkworm wing disc over time. The authors identify a central fate-transition cell population and show how the hormone 20E rapidly accelerates wing development through coordinated gene regulation.

Droplet microlasers are emerging as powerful tools for label-free biosensing. Here, the authors demonstrate a new method for creating liquid photonic-molecule microlasers that combine low lasing threshold and enhanced sensitivity, achieving biomolecular detection limit down to attoMolar level.

Mechanical response of semiconducting polymers affects their electrical properties, yet the detail remains elusive. Zhong et al. examine the multiscale structural evolution of conjugated polymer thin films during uniaxial deformation and link it to mechanical resilience and solar cell performance.

Liu et al. report Chinese normative lifespan brain charts showing later neurodevelopmental milestones than those detected in Western cohorts. Individual deviations from these norms are valuable in assessing clinical risk and outcomes.

In this study, authors reveal an evolutionary strategy in bacteria, where multidrug resistance are stably maintained through multicopy heterogeneous genes on a single plasmid, conferring an adaptive advantage under fluctuating clinical drug pressures.

Zhai et al. report newly designed self-assembled molecules exhibiting strong and ordered anchoring on the perovskite surface to reduce defects and modulate the dipole-induced energy-level, enabling certified efficiencies of 26.23% in a normal device structure, which are also applicable to inverted perovskite solar cells.

Japonica subspecies has a lower nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) than that of indica rice. Here, the authors show that natural variations in the NIN-like protein 4 (OsNLP4) encoding gene are responsible for the divergence and introgression of the indica OsNLP4 allele into elite japonica cultivar can increase NUE and grain yield.

Here they show that NONO collaborates with HOXA1 to modulate gene expression during early cardiomyocyte differentiation. This interaction facilitates activation of the Wnt signaling pathway, establishing the NONO-HOXA1-Wnt axis as a key mechanism in cardiac development.

Here the authors reveal a study of 486,956 Han Chinese individuals showing that most people with genetic variants affecting drug response do not have the predicted adverse events, highlighting the challenges of implementing pharmacogenetics in clinical practice.

Shang, Zhao, Ying and colleagues report that the mechanosensor PIEZO1 senses blood shear stress in hematopoietic stem cells, driving proliferation and myeloid bias. This axis links mechanical force to inflammation-induced aging, and PIEZO1 emerges as a potential therapeutic target.

Prolonged antithrombotic use raises bleeding risk, posing a major clinical challenge. This study introduces a silk fibroin coated mesoporous silica platform for high drug loading and controlled heparin release, improving efficacy while minimizing hemorrhage.

Endocytosis of TFR1 plays a crucial role in extracelluar iron uptake. Here the authors revealed that PKCβII facilitates the endocytosis of TFR1 and increases cellular iron levels through the phosphorylation of AAK1, thus promoting ferroptosis of tumor cells.

Shi, Liu et al. develop a SGLT-2i/GLP-1RA Decision Score to support personalized selection between the two therapies. The results show that the model achieved good predictive performance and offers a practical tool for optimizing SGLT-2i and GLP-1RA therapy decisions for patients with type 2 diabetes.

The substantia nigra and all Parkinson’s disease deep-brain stimulation targets are selectively connected to the somato-cognitive action network rather than to effector-specific motor regions.

The Taiwan Precision Medicine Initiative recruited and genotyped more than half a million Taiwanese participants, almost all of Han Chinese ancestry, and performed comprehensive genomic analyses and developed polygenic risk score prediction models for numerous health conditions.

Rice indica varieties have higher nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) than that of japonica varieties. Here, the authors show that natural variation of OsWRKY23 and its interaction with DULL NITROGEN RESPONSE1 (DNR1)-mediated auxin accumulation play a role in NUE divergence between the two rice subspecies.

In vivo base editing of a causative mutation that leads to the neurodevelopmental disorder Snijders Blok–Campeau syndrome restores protein dosage and ameliorates molecular and behavioural deficits in a humanized mouse model of the condition.

A widely applicable, cost-effective, easily accessible and handleable, highly active, and recyclable d3-methylation reagent remains has not yet been reported. Here, the authors design a thianthrene-based organic polymer that shows the ability of capturing and releasing a d3-methyl reagent.

Wang, Zheng, Qian, Pan, Tian et al. characterize the crosstalk between peritumoural visceral adipose tissue and colorectal tumour microenvironment and report an immune escape mechanism, which may be potentially targeted for improved immunotherapy.

Conventional slurry electrodes limit high-energy lithium batteries. This work shows that dry-processed electrodes with molecularly coupled carbon–binder networks enable high mass and active material loading, supporting stable high-voltage operation and enhancing battery energy density.

This exploratory analysis of a phase 1b study evaluating BIIB080, a MAPT-targeting antisense oligonucleotide, in mild Alzheimer’s disease indicates favorable trends of high-dose BIIB080 in slowing cognitive and functional decline, supporting the need for future trials evaluating clinical efficacy of BIIB080 in mild Alzheimer’s disease.

Operating a photonic chip that integrates quantum dots with lithium niobate resonators at an exceptional point allows for spontaneous single-photon emission with an exceptional-point-induced transparency window, a squared-Lorentzian line shape or a Fano-asymmetric line shape.

Wu et al. evaluated cerebral spinal fluid DNA (cfDNA) before and after surgery in people with glioma. Tumor profiles could be established with people with ≥90% decline in mutant allele frequency showing longer survival.

A graph-based pangenome constructed from 39 reference-quality genomes of wild and cultivated cucumber accessions, including 27 newly assembled, highlights the dynamics of structural variants during cucumber domestication and range expansion.

It is unclear how early-life urbanicity influences adult neurobehavioral traits. This study reveals that earlier menarche mediates the relationship between early-life urbanicity and adult neurobehavioral traits associated with mental disorders.

Here, the authors sample air and surfaces in hospital rooms of COVID-19 patients, detect SARS-CoV-2 RNA in air samples of two of three tested airborne infection isolation rooms, and find surface contamination in 66.7% of tested rooms during the first week of illness and 20% beyond the first week of illness.