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This study shows that p300/CBP-dependent H2B acetylation is crucial for maintaining transcription of oncogenic gene programs in androgen receptor-driven prostate cancer.

The accrual of soil carbon from absorptive fine roots exceeds that of leaf litter in forests despite lower productivity, according to an analysis of field observations from Northern Hemisphere forest sites.

A comprehensive understanding of how urban nature affects mental health at a global scale remains essential. This study addresses that need through a systematic review and meta-analysis, revealing the effects of exposure to various urban nature types on 12 distinct mental health outcomes.

The MLL complex promotes androgen receptor signaling and drives growth of castration resistant prostate cancer

The authors show that ELL3 maintains chromosomal ploidy by promoting spindle assembly and driving chromosome movement in oocytes. Deficiency of ELL3 results in oocyte aneuploidy and may lead to early miscarriage.

A study of human and mouse models of pancreatic cancer finds that inhibiting the lipid kinase PIKfyve interferes with the cancer’s lipid homeostasis, making it a potential target for drug development.

Glioma stem-like cells (GSCs) contribute to therapeutic resistance via enhanced capability of DNA damage repair. Here the authors identify that the upregulated transcription factor AATF in GSCs modulates the stability and release of XRCC4 protein to promote DNA repair and resistance to radiotherapy.

Sand and dust storms pose considerable health risks worldwide. Here, the authors conduct a nationwide multicenter time-series study to examine sand and dust storm-associated mortality risks.

Myeloid cell subsets are playing important roles in antitumour immunity, and genes affecting their functions are potential targets for immunotherapy. Here authors show that genomic deletion of Pikfyve in CD11c⁺ cells results in tumour growth inhibition via enhanced antigen presentation and priming of antigen-specific CD8⁺ T cells in a mouse tumor model.

PROTAC degrader–induced SWI/SNF inactivation abolishes DNA accessibility at enhancer elements of oncogenes and also tempers supra-physiologic expression of driver transcription factors, resulting in potent inhibition of tumour growth in mouse models.

CRISPR screen identifies coactivators of the androgen receptor (AR) complex, including NSD2. NSD2 contributes to AR cistrome reprogramming during prostate cancer progression, and its degradation via a novel PROTAC reduces prostate cancer cell viability in vitro.

In this Review, the authors provide an overview of the clinical and experimental studies supporting the notion that allergic asthma and associated allergies affect the prevalence, incidence and progression of cardiovascular disease.

Chinnaiyan and colleagues perform a high-throughput compound screen and identify PIKfyve inhibition as a therapeutic strategy to enhance immune checkpoint blockade responses in advanced prostate cancer.

The instability of lipid nanoparticles during nebulization hinders inhaled mRNA vaccines. Here, the authors report on a charge-assisted stabilization strategy using a peptide-lipid conjugate to improve lipid nanoparticle stability, enabling mRNA-based mucosal vaccines for SARS-CoV-2 and lung cancer.

The second messenger Ap₄A contributes to mast cell activation by interacting with HINT1 but the molecular mechanism is not fully understood. Here, the authors show that Ap₄A regulates downstream signaling by polymerizing HINT1 and provide insights into how specificity over other second messengers is achieved.

The effects of battery degradation on the energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions from electric vehicles are unknown. Here the authors show that the lifetime of a typical battery is between 5.2 and 13.3 years across the U.S., with an 11.5–16.2% increase in energy consumption and CO₂ emissions.

How ROS levels are regulated in cancer stem cells and their contribution to cancer resistance is currently not clear. Here, the authors show that prohibitin regulates mitochondrial ROS production stabilizing the peroxidase PRDX3 and this accounts for radiotherapy resistance in glioma stem-like cells.

ARLNC1 is a newly discovered lncRNA that is induced by androgen receptor (AR) and maintains AR signaling by stabilizing the AR transcript. Knockdown of ARLNC1 suppresses AR expression, AR signaling and prostate cancer growth in vitro and in vivo.

The BRAIN Initiative Cell Census Network has constructed a multimodal cell census and atlas of the mammalian primary motor cortex in a landmark effort towards understanding brain cell-type diversity, neural circuit organization and brain function.

Flexible and fatigue-resistant optical fibers made from hydrogel allow optogenetic manipulations in the periphery in freely behaving mice.

Using C. elegans, Oleson et al. demonstrate that developmental exposure to reactive oxygen species protects against amyloid toxicity later in life, mediated by disruption of the H3K4me3 epigenetic machinery through HSF-1-dependent shifts in lipid metabolism.

Formation of dendrites in solid-state lithium batteries hampers their application. Here, authors deposit a thin film of potassium fluoride on a garnet solid electrolyte that in-situ transforms to a mixed fluoride layer, which blocks electron leakage and inhibits lithium dendrite growth.

Our understanding of human brain development in health and disease is limited. The authors generated human brain organoids from stem cell-derived isolated single neural rosettes to study human cortico-striatal development and deficits caused by an autism-associated genetic abnormality in SHANK3.

Mir-22 has been shown to be an oncogenic microRNA in breast cancer and myelodysplastic syndrome. Here, the authors show that mir-22 functions as a tumour suppressor in de novoacute myeloid leukaemia by inhibiting the expression of several oncogenes and that restoring mir-22 expression suppresses AML progression.

Two draft sequences of Gossypium hirsutum, the most widely cultivated cotton species, provide insights into genome structure, genome rearrangement, gene evolution and cotton fiber biology.

As opposed to circulating factors that promote energy expenditure, hormones that suppress energy expenditure have remained largely elusive. Here, Wang et al. show that the hepatokine Tsukushi is upregulated in obesity and inhibits sympathetic activity and thermogenesis in fat by promoting whitening.

Raised serum urate levels are a risk factor for gout, a common form of inflammatory arthritis. Here Li et al.conduct a multistage genome-wide association study in a Han Chinese population and identify three novel loci likely associated with the progression from hyperuricemia to gout.

YEATS domains are histone acylation readers that recognize crotonyllysine and acetyllysine. Here the authors provide structural insights into how YEATS domains recognize acetyllysines and further show that the human AF9 YEATS domain also binds DNA.

Droplet generators convert mechanical movements of droplets into small-scale electricity. Here, Tang et al. report a humidity-driven power generator by utilizing daily humidity fluctuation in atmosphere enabling continuous generation of electricity upon moisture absorption and desorption cycles.

Mutations that lead to misfolding of rhodopsin can cause retinitis pigmentosa. Here, the authors carry out a high throughput screen to identify a small molecule chaperone of rod opsin, and show that it protects mouse models of retinitis pigmentosa from retinal degeneration.

The role of most plant leucine-rich repeat (LRR) receptors in innate immunity is unknown. Here, the authors develop virus-based constructs to silence LRR receptor-like genes in the Nicotiana benthamiana genome and identify Response to XEG1 that specifically recognizes the glycoside hydrolase 12 protein XEG1.

Mei (Prunus mume) is a woody tree that produces ornamental blossoms which symbolize spring in East Asia. Here, Zhang et al. resequence wild and domesticated mei to reveal considerable admixture and introgression from other Prunus species and identify loci associated with floral traits.

The histone-acetylation-reader protein ENL is mutated in a paediatric kidney cancer in such a way that it clusters at target genes, increasing the recruitment of the transcriptional machinery, enhancing transcription and deregulating cell fate during development.

Detailed characterization of large-scale hemodynamic responses linked to specific neural activity remains to be elucidated at the single-vessel level across the subcentimeter scale hippocampal vasculature in vivo. Here, authors use a novel multi-modal fMRI platform to characterize distinct spatiotemporal patterns of hippocampal hemodynamic responses that were correlated to the optogenetically evoked Ca2+ events and to further demonstrate the significantly reduced neurovascular coupling efficiency upon spreading depression-like Ca²⁺ events.

Genome-wide maps of chromatin dynamics during mouse gastrulation highlight a unique bivalent signature at developmental genes in E6.5 epiblast cells. KMT2B is essential for bivalent H3K4me3 at E6.5.

Using a combination of two-photon imaging and single-cell electrophysiology, the authors discover that associative learning induces the emergence of a unique subset of neurons in the auditory cortex, exhibiting high-rate bursting responses to the learned complex sounds but not to any of the constituents.