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Disruption of dendritic cell (DC) interstitial motility in the tumour microenvironment promotes immune evasion, and enhancement of DC interstitial motility offers a route for DC-centric immunotherapy.

Alkene diazidations represent a promising strategy for the synthesis of 1,2-diamines. Here, the authors report a protocol that enables alkene diazidation via iron-mediated ligand-to-metal charge transfer, providing a versatile platform to access structurally diverse diazides without using external oxidants.

Edge-exposed exfoliation using sticky tape is shown to be a simple and reliable method for scaling up the production of ultrathin, ultraflat and ultraflexible polycrystalline diamond membranes for diverse electrical, optical, mechanical, thermal, acoustic and quantum applications.

Dysregulation of lipid metabolism and transport contribute to the pathogenesis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Here the authors identify GP73 as a TBC-domain Rab GTPase-activating protein that regulates very low-density lipoprotein export and promotes NAFLD development in mice.

Analysis of mitochondrial genomes (mtDNA) by using whole-genome sequencing data from 2,658 cancer samples across 38 cancer types identifies hypermutated mtDNA cases, frequent somatic nuclear transfer of mtDNA and high variability of mtDNA copy number in many cancers.

Analyses of 2,658 whole genomes across 38 types of cancer identify the contribution of non-coding point mutations and structural variants to driving cancer.

The flagship paper of the ICGC/TCGA Pan-Cancer Analysis of Whole Genomes Consortium describes the generation of the integrative analyses of 2,658 cancer whole genomes and their matching normal tissues across 38 tumour types, the structures for international data sharing and standardized analyses, and the main scientific findings from across the consortium studies.

Traditional bulk sequencing data lack information about cell-type-specific gene expression. Here, the authors develop a Tissue-AdaPtive autoEncoder (TAPE), a deep learning method connecting bulk RNA-seq and single-cell RNA-seq, and apply it to analyze the cell type fractions and cell-type-specific gene expression in clinical data.

There’s an emerging body of evidence to show how biological sex impacts cancer incidence, treatment and underlying biology. Here, using a large pan-cancer dataset, the authors further highlight how sex differences shape the cancer genome.

With the generation of large pan-cancer whole-exome and whole-genome sequencing projects, a question remains about how comparable these datasets are. Here, using The Cancer Genome Atlas samples analysed as part of the Pan-Cancer Analysis of Whole Genomes project, the authors explore the concordance of mutations called by whole exome sequencing and whole genome sequencing techniques.

IL-6 is an important cytokine in the tumour microenvironment, but its role in regulating autophagy in cancer cells is unclear. Here the authors show that IL-6 activates autophagy in colorectal cancer through the interaction between JAK2 and autophagy regulator, BECN1, which leads to chemotherapeutic resistance.

Interaction of two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenide grains with exposed oxygen–aluminium atomic plane in sapphire is a more dominant factor than step-edge docking in controlling the single-crystal epitaxy of these materials.

Understanding deregulation of biological pathways in cancer can provide insight into disease etiology and potential therapies. Here, as part of the PanCancer Analysis of Whole Genomes (PCAWG) consortium, the authors present pathway and network analysis of 2583 whole cancer genomes from 27 tumour types.

In somatic cells the mechanisms maintaining the chromosome ends are normally inactivated; however, cancer cells can re-activate these pathways to support continuous growth. Here, the authors characterize the telomeric landscapes across tumour types and identify genomic alterations associated with different telomere maintenance mechanisms.

Integrative analyses of transcriptome and whole-genome sequencing data for 1,188 tumours across 27 types of cancer are used to provide a comprehensive catalogue of RNA-level alterations in cancer.

Whole-genome sequencing data from more than 2,500 cancers of 38 tumour types reveal 16 signatures that can be used to classify somatic structural variants, highlighting the diversity of genomic rearrangements in cancer.

Viral pathogen load in cancer genomes is estimated through analysis of sequencing data from 2,656 tumors across 35 cancer types using multiple pathogen-detection pipelines, identifying viruses in 382 genomic and 68 transcriptome datasets.

Analysis of cancer genome sequencing data has enabled the discovery of driver mutations. Here, as part of the ICGC/TCGA Pan-Cancer Analysis of Whole Genomes (PCAWG) Consortium the authors present DriverPower, a software package that identifies coding and non-coding driver mutations within cancer whole genomes via consideration of mutational burden and functional impact evidence.

A pan-cancer genomic analysis reports the effects of structural variations on chromatin domains (TADs). Most TAD disruptions do not result in appreciable changes in expression of nearby genes.

An analysis of 2,954 genomes from 38 cancer subtypes identified 19,166 retrotransposition events in 35% of samples. Aberrant LINE-1 retrotranspositions can lead to the deletion of tumor-suppressor genes as well as the amplification of oncogenes.

Whole-genome sequencing data for 2,778 cancer samples from 2,658 unique donors across 38 cancer types is used to reconstruct the evolutionary history of cancer, revealing that driver mutations can precede diagnosis by several years to decades.

Some cancer patients first present with metastases where the location of the primary is unidentified; these are difficult to treat. In this study, using machine learning, the authors develop a method to determine the tissue of origin of a cancer based on whole sequencing data.

The authors present SVclone, a computational method for inferring the cancer cell fraction of structural variants from whole-genome sequencing data.

Many tumours exhibit hypoxia (low oxygen) and hypoxic tumours often respond poorly to therapy. Here, the authors quantify hypoxia in 1188 tumours from 27 cancer types, showing elevated hypoxia links to increased mutational load, directing evolutionary trajectories.

Multi-omics datasets pose major challenges to data interpretation and hypothesis generation owing to their high-dimensional molecular profiles. Here, the authors develop ActivePathways method, which uses data fusion techniques for integrative pathway analysis of multi-omics data and candidate gene discovery.

The characterization of 4,645 whole-genome and 19,184 exome sequences, covering most types of cancer, identifies 81 single-base substitution, doublet-base substitution and small-insertion-and-deletion mutational signatures, providing a systematic overview of the mutational processes that contribute to cancer development.

In this study the authors consider the structural variants (SVs) present within cancer cases of the ICGC/TCGA Pan-Cancer Analysis of Whole Genomes (PCAWG) Consortium. They report hundreds of genes, including known cancer-associated genes for which the nearby presence of a SV breakpoint is associated with altered expression.

Cancers evolve as they progress under differing selective pressures. Here, as part of the ICGC/TCGA Pan-Cancer Analysis of Whole Genomes (PCAWG) Consortium, the authors present the method TrackSig the estimates evolutionary trajectories of somatic mutational processes from single bulk tumour data.

NEDD8 is a ubiquitin-like protein that governs protein neddylation, previously demonstrated to be essential for cell survival. Here the authors show that NEDD8 loss in breast cancer cells is associated with enhanced immunogenicity and increased sensitivity to PD-1 blockade in preclinical cancer models.

In the largest study so far of CAR T cells in patients with solid tumors, autologous CLDN18.2-targeting CAR T cell therapy was well tolerated in patients with advanced CLDN18.2-positive gastrointestinal cancers, with an overall response rate of 42.2% and a disease control rate of 91.1%.

Chemical vapor deposition enables the scalable production of 2D semiconductors, but the grown materials are usually affected by high defect densities. Here, the authors report a hydroxide vapour phase deposition method to synthesize wafer-scale monolayer WS₂ with reduced defect density and electrical properties comparable to those of exfoliated flakes.

The authors demonstrate all-spin synapses and neurons using domain wall-magnetic tunnel junctions, utilizing synergistic spin-orbit torque and Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction. The intrinsic linearity is required for compact and energy-efficient bio-inspired hardware for neuromorphic computing.

Membrane proteins are encoded by approximately a quarter of human genes. Here, the authors propose a deep transfer learning method for predicting inter-chain residue-residue contacts of transmembrane protein complexes.

Wei et al. identify the HDL receptor SR-B1 as a host factor that enhances infection of cultured cells with SARS-CoV-2 in the presence of ACE2, thus providing a possible molecular connection between lipoprotein metabolism and COVID-19.

The sources and sinks of Re and U in the modern ocean may be imbalanced, according to sedimentary porewater analysis and assessment of reductive Re and U removal on the continental shelf

The partial effects of saving rate changes on CO₂ emissions remain unclear. Here the authors found that the increase in saving rates of China has led to increments of global industrial CO₂ emissions by 189 million tonnes (Mt) during 2007-2012, while global CO₂ emissions would be reduced by 186 Mt if the saving rates of China decreased by 15 percentage points.

A DNA molecular computation platform allows the rapid diagnosis of lung cancer with high accuracy by analysing specific miRNA levels in clinical serum samples.

Few-nanometre-thick flakes of trigonal and monoclinic Cr₅Te₈ can be grown using chemical vapour deposition, with the monoclinic phase exhibiting an anomalous Hall conductivity of 650 Ω^–1 cm^–1 and anomalous Hall angle of 5%.

Regulation of Yes-associated protein (YAP) through the Hippo pathway is well established, but its Hippo-independent regulation remains to be elucidated. Here, the authors show that non-proteolytic ubiquitination presents another means of YAP regulation, promoting its nuclear localization and activity.

Deuterodehalogenation of organic chlorides is a useful strategy to install deuterium atoms at specific positions, however, it has several drawbacks. In this study, the authors report an organophotocatalytic system consisting of an aryl-amine-based photocatalyst and a common disulfide co-catalyst, for efficient deuteration of a wide range of aryl chlorides, alkyl chlorides and other halides, at room temperature in air.

Analysis of whole-genome sequencing data across 2,658 tumors spanning 38 cancer types shows that chromothripsis is pervasive, with a frequency of more than 50% in several cancer types, contributing to oncogene amplification, gene inactivation and cancer genome evolution.

Efficient, large-scale genomic analysis is facilitated on the cloud by a computational tool with error-diagnosing and self-healing capabilities.